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Planning smarter: How utilities are rewriting the next decade of grid reliability

Across the country, we’re asking the transmission grid to do more than ever. Developers are submitting thousands of new interconnection requests. Data centers and electrification are driving unprecedented load growth. Yet while transmission planners have seen a tenfold increase in workload, they haven’t received a tenfold increase in support and are still expected to shoulder […]

Across the country, we’re asking the transmission grid to do more than ever. Developers are submitting thousands of new interconnection requests. Data centers and electrification are driving unprecedented load growth. Yet while transmission planners have seen a tenfold increase in workload, they haven’t received a tenfold increase in support and are still expected to shoulder the burden.

As a result, utilities and ISOs now face a three-way test: maintaining reliability, enabling the clean-energy transformation and keeping electricity affordable. To achieve all three, they must complete a growing number of complex studies—faster and without additional resources.

Planners are doing more with less

Every reliability and interconnection study represents months of modeling, validation and coordination. These studies determine which projects move forward, what upgrades are needed and how billions of dollars are allocated. They are the backbone of the grid and the volume of these studies has increased by orders of magnitude. Yet the tools planners rely on to carry out this work haven’t evolved.

In response, planning teams are piecing together ad hoc solutions—scripts, spreadsheets and homegrown Python tools—to meet rising study demands. It’s the best anyone can do with the time and resources available, but these one-off efforts are hard to scale, maintain or share across teams.

One example: the challenge of base-case development

One recurring challenge for many utilities is developing base cases; the models that underpin all reliability planning studies. To build one, engineers start with a current model of the system, then apply updated load forecasts, generation additions and transmission-topology changes. They often have to merge hundreds of files and manually resolve conflicts as part of this effort to create a final, solvable model.

The frequency of rebuilding or updating base cases has increased nearly 10x, driven by rapid generation turnover, load growth and policy change. Many utilities now rebuild models several times a quarter, requiring an all-hands on deck effort each time.

Engineers have created workarounds to try to keep up, but these most rely on custom code that is hard to maintain or scale.

That piecemeal approach can’t meet today’s workload:

  • Teams spend weeks stitching together change files – work that could be completed in hours with the right tools
  • Each engineer then maintains a slightly different processes for resolving violations identified, which can lead to variations in results
  • As models evolve, they become harder to maintain or rebuild because there is no clear audit trail of whats changed

This fragmentation creates two major risks: inefficiency and inconsistency. Studies take longer and reproducing or verifying results becomes harder as complexity increases.

The base-case problem is only one example. Similar challenges exist across other core planning activities — validating contingency files, testing solutions, post processing results and estimating costs. Each of these steps can benefit from structured automation that reduces manual effort, ensures consistency and preserves the rigor essential to reliability planning.

How automation can shift workflows from ad hoc to scale

No one should mistake automation for a replacement of engineering judgment. Reliability planning will always require human oversight. But the right automation can save planners meaningful time, allowing them to offload repetitive work and use their limited resources to focus on the critical engineering decisions.

The opportunity ahead is to move from fragmented, one-off scripts to shared, reproducible workflows that scale across teams and study types.

At Nira, we’ve seen how structured automation transforms efficiency without compromising rigor. In one regional planning process, engineers spent roughly 800 full-time hours per year validating models; a workflow that, once automated, was completed in just 10 hours with equal or greater accuracy. Similarly, several utility teams we’ve worked with once spent months manually building hundreds of base cases. With automation, those same cases were generated 80% faster and with a 50% reduction in resource needs.

The result is that engineers can free up critical resources and focus their time on higher-value analysis. For teams facing tenfold increases in workload with the same headcount, it represents a fundamental shift in how limited expertise can be scaled to meet growing demands, giving planners the leverage to do more without compromising rigor in a resource constrained environment.

Change is inevitable

Ten years from now, the transmission grid will look very different. Load patterns, technologies and policies will continue to evolve and the way that we plan the grid has to evolve with it.

Planners already feel that shift every day. The workload keeps growing, but the number of people and hours in a week haven’t. Automation won’t replace expertise, but it can help a team of ten do the work of thirty, providing a massive step change in leverage and bandwidth when it is needed most.

The scale of the issues we are facing isn’t slowing down and automation provides one of the highest leverage ways to keep pace. Many forward looking utilities and ISO’s already recognize this. The teams that modernize their workflows the fastest will be the ones that set the standard for what reliable, affordable and resilient power looks like for the next generation.

Chris Ariante is the CEO and Co-Founder of Nira Energy. He has led $15 billion in interconnection and grid-upgrade projects across the U.S. and now focuses on building software that helps utilities, ISOs and developers plan the reliable grid of the future.

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Planning smarter: How utilities are rewriting the next decade of grid reliability

Across the country, we’re asking the transmission grid to do more than ever. Developers are submitting thousands of new interconnection requests. Data centers and electrification are driving unprecedented load growth. Yet while transmission planners have seen a tenfold increase in workload, they haven’t received a tenfold increase in support and are still expected to shoulder the burden. As a result, utilities and ISOs now face a three-way test: maintaining reliability, enabling the clean-energy transformation and keeping electricity affordable. To achieve all three, they must complete a growing number of complex studies—faster and without additional resources. Planners are doing more with less Every reliability and interconnection study represents months of modeling, validation and coordination. These studies determine which projects move forward, what upgrades are needed and how billions of dollars are allocated. They are the backbone of the grid and the volume of these studies has increased by orders of magnitude. Yet the tools planners rely on to carry out this work haven’t evolved. In response, planning teams are piecing together ad hoc solutions—scripts, spreadsheets and homegrown Python tools—to meet rising study demands. It’s the best anyone can do with the time and resources available, but these one-off efforts are hard to scale, maintain or share across teams. One example: the challenge of base-case development One recurring challenge for many utilities is developing base cases; the models that underpin all reliability planning studies. To build one, engineers start with a current model of the system, then apply updated load forecasts, generation additions and transmission-topology changes. They often have to merge hundreds of files and manually resolve conflicts as part of this effort to create a final, solvable model. The frequency of rebuilding or updating base cases has increased nearly 10x, driven by rapid generation turnover, load growth and policy change. Many

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Serbia Willing to Pay Higher Price for NIS

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Samsung’s 60% memory price hike signals higher data center costs for enterprises

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Arista, Palo Alto bolster AI data center security

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AMD outlines ambitious plan for AI-driven data centers

“There are very beefy workloads that you must have that performance for to run the enterprise,” he said. “The Fortune 500 mainstream enterprise customers are now … adopting Epyc faster than anyone. We’ve seen a 3x adoption this year. And what that does is drives back to the on-prem enterprise adoption, so that the hybrid multi-cloud is end-to-end on Epyc.” One of the key focus areas for AMD’s Epyc strategy has been our ecosystem build out. It has almost 180 platforms, from racks to blades to towers to edge devices, and 3,000 solutions in the market on top of those platforms. One of the areas where AMD pushes into the enterprise is what it calls industry or vertical workloads. “These are the workloads that drive the end business. So in semiconductors, that’s telco, it’s the network, and the goal there is to accelerate those workloads and either driving more throughput or drive faster time to market or faster time to results. And we almost double our competition in terms of faster time to results,” said McNamara. And it’s paying off. McNamara noted that over 60% of the Fortune 100 are using AMD, and that’s growing quarterly. “We track that very, very closely,” he said. The other question is are they getting new customer acquisitions, customers with Epyc for the first time? “We’ve doubled that year on year.” AMD didn’t just brag, it laid out a road map for the next two years, and 2026 is going to be a very busy year. That will be the year that new CPUs, both client and server, built on the Zen 6 architecture begin to appear. On the server side, that means the Venice generation of Epyc server processors. Zen 6 processors will be built on 2 nanometer design generated by (you guessed

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Key takeaways from Cisco Partner Summit

Brian Ortbals, senior vice president from World Wide Technology, which is one of Cisco’s biggest and most important partners stated: “Cisco engaged partners early in the process and took our feedback along the way. We believe now is the right time for these changes as it will enable us to capitalize on the changes in the market.” The reality is, the more successful its more-than-half-a-million partners are, the more successful Cisco will be. Platform approach is coming together When Jeetu Patel took the reigns as chief product officer, one of his goals was to make the Cisco portfolio a “force multiple.” Patel has stated repeatedly that, historically, Cisco acted more as a technology holding company with good products in networking, security, collaboration, data center and other areas. In this case, product breadth was not an advantage, as everything must be sold as “best of breed,” which is a tough ask of the salesforce and partner community. Since then, there have been many examples of the coming together of the portfolio to create products that leverage the breadth of the platform. The latest is the Unified Edge appliance, an all-in-one solution that brings together compute, networking, storage and security. Cisco has been aggressive with AI products in the data center, and Cisco Unified Edge compliments that work with a device designed to bring AI to edge locations. This is ideally suited for retail, manufacturing, healthcare, factories and other industries where it’s more cost effecting and performative to run AI where the data lives.

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AI networking demand fueled Cisco’s upbeat Q1 financials

Customers are very focused on modernizing their network infrastructure in the enterprise in preparation for inferencing and AI workloads, Robbins said. “These things are always multi-year efforts,” and this is only the beginning, Robbins said. The AI opportunity “As we look at the AI opportunity, we see customer use cases growing across training, inferencing, and connectivity, with secure networking increasingly critical as workloads move from the data center to end users, devices, and agents at the edge,” Robbins said. “Agents are transforming network traffic from predictable bursts to persistent high-intensity loads, with agentic AI queries generating up to 25 times more network traffic than chatbots.” “Instead of pulling data to and from the data center, AI workloads require models and infrastructure to be closer to where data is created and decisions are made, particularly in industries such as retail, healthcare, and manufacturing.” Robbins pointed to last week’s introduction of Cisco Unified Edge, a converged platform that integrates networking, compute and storage to help enterprise customers more efficiently handle data from AI and other workloads at the edge. “Unified Edge enables real-time inferencing for agentic and physical AI workloads, so enterprises can confidently deploy and manage AI at scale,” Robbins said. On the hyperscaler front, “we see a lot of solid pipeline throughout the rest of the year. The use cases, we see it expanding,” Robbins said. “Obviously, we’ve been selling networking infrastructure under the training models. We’ve been selling scale-out. We launched the P200-based router that will begin to address some of the scale-across opportunities.” Cisco has also seen great success with its pluggable optics, Robbins said. “All of the hyperscalers now are officially customers of our pluggable optics, so we feel like that’s a great opportunity. They not only plug into our products, but they can be used with other companies’

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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