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DOE cancels $3.7B in carbon capture, decarbonization awards

The U.S. Department of Energy on Friday canceled $3.7 billion in awards from its Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, including $940 million in grants for two carbon capture projects planned by Calpine. The canceled awards were mainly for carbon capture and sequestration and other decarbonization projects, according to DOE. Affected companies include PPL Corp., Ørsted […]

The U.S. Department of Energy on Friday canceled $3.7 billion in awards from its Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, including $940 million in grants for two carbon capture projects planned by Calpine.

The canceled awards were mainly for carbon capture and sequestration and other decarbonization projects, according to DOE. Affected companies include PPL Corp., Ørsted and Exxon Mobil Corp.

The Calpine projects are for CCS projects at its 550-MW gas-fired Sutter power plant in Yuba City, California, and its 810-MW Baytown power plant in Baytown, Texas.

“After a thorough and individualized financial review of each award, the DOE found that these projects failed to advance the energy needs of the American people, were not economically viable and would not generate a positive return on investment of taxpayer dollars,” DOE said.

Sixteen of the 24 terminated awards were signed between President Donald Trump’s election in November and Jan. 20, according to DOE.

The DOE assessed the canceled awards under a review process outlined earlier this month. The department said it is reviewing 179 awards that total over $15 billion in financial assistance.

“DOE is prioritizing large-scale commercial projects that require more detailed information from the awardees for the initial phase of this review, but this process may extend to other DOE program offices as the reviews progress,” the department said.

DOE created the Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations in late 2021 to manage about $27 billion in funding appropriated by the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and the Inflation Reduction Act, according to a mid-November report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office.

Below is a list from DOE of the canceled awards announced on Friday.

A chart of canceled DOE funding.

Optional Caption

Permission granted by US Department of Energy

DOE’s decision to terminate the awards was “shortsighted,” according to Steven Nadel, executive director of the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. “Locking domestic plants into outdated technology is not a recipe for future competitiveness or bringing manufacturing jobs back to American communities,” Nadel said in a statement. 

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Backup-as-a-service explained: Your guide to cloud data protection

BaaS supports private, public and hybrid cloud environments. Hybrid cloud, which pairs on-premises infrastructure with cloud-based storage and management, can help enterprises achieve what’s known as the “3-2-1 rule of backup,” a strategy whereby an enterprise keeps three copies of their data —  two in local storage, one offsite. However,

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ADNOC Drilling to Buy 70Pct of SLB Kuwait, Oman Land Drilling Rigs Business

ADNOC Drilling Company PJSC announced, in a release sent to Rigzone on Thursday, that it has signed an agreement to acquire a 70 percent stake in SLB’s land drilling rigs business in Kuwait and Oman. ADNOC outlined in the release that the business comprises “eight fully operational land rigs under contract with the respective national oil companies (NOCs) of both countries”. The company noted that, through this partnership, it will gain immediate access to earnings, cashflow, and returns through two operating land drilling rigs in Kuwait and six in Oman, “accelerating its expansion into key GCC geographies”. “This acquisition will enhance the company’s ability to deploy cutting-edge technologies, integrated drilling services, digital solutions and AI-driven efficiencies – optimizing performance, reducing environmental impact, and driving value for customers across the region,” ADNOC highlighted in the release. The company went on to state that formation of the joint venture and the acquisition of a 70 percent stake, along with the completion of this transaction, are subject to necessary and customary regulatory approvals, expected in Q1 2026. “Upon closing, and subject to final assessment by the company’s auditor, ADNOC Drilling expects to fully consolidate the newly acquired business in its financial reporting from 2026,” the company revealed. In the release, ADNOC Drilling CEO Abdulrahman Abdulla Al Seiari, said, “this acquisition is a natural next step in ADNOC Drilling’s growth journey and reinforces our position as one of the leading companies in drilling and integrated services”. “Our partnership with SLB will provide ADNOC Drilling with a solid operational and financial platform to further expand in the region,” Al Seiari added. “This business is well-established, profitable and operating with long-term contracts, making this a highly complementary and value-accretive addition to our portfolio. Our focus is on disciplined expansion that drives performance, returns and growth,” the

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Port Arthur LNG Phase 2 Marks Resumption of Federal Permitting

The Department of Energy (DOE) has granted the second phase of Port Arthur LNG, a Sempra project in Texas, a permit to export liquefied natural gas (LNG) to countries with no free trade agreement (FTA) with the United States. “This is the first final LNG export approval under President Trump’s leadership and marks another step in restoring regular order to LNG export permitting – reversing the previous administration’s pause and delivering on the President’s pledge to unleash American energy”, the DOE said in an online statement. Port Arthur LNG phase 2, which will consist of trains 3 and 4, is now permitted to export the equivalent of 698 billion cubic feet a year of gas, or about 13.5 million metric tons per annum (MMtpa) of LNG according to Sempra, to FTA and non-FTA countries on a non-additive basis until 2050, according to an order published on the DOE’s website. Sempra received the FTA portion of the permit July 2020. “The project can be a key contributor to further establishing the U.S. as a leader in global energy markets, supporting U.S. trade goals and providing economic opportunity at the local, state and national levels in the U.S”, Sempra Infrastructure chief executive Justin Bird said in a separate press release. Sempra is seeking offtakers for phase 2 and has yet to make a final investment decision. Earlier this month Sempra and Saudi Arabian Oil Co. (Aramco) progressed a heads of agreement on phase 2 into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) under which the state-owned oil giant plans to purchase five MMtpa for 20 years. The MOU also provides for Aramco’s potential acquisition of a 25 percent stake. The under-construction phase 1, which consists of trains 1 and 2, had received a permit to export the same volume to FTA and non-FTA countries

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Strathcona Initiates Formal Offer to Acquire MEG

Strathcona Resources Ltd. has formally started its offer to acquire all of the issued and outstanding common shares of MEG Energy Corp. it does not already own in a cash-and-stock transaction. The offer is for 0.62 of a Strathcona common share and $4.10 in cash per common share of MEG, the company said in a news release. The offer is open for acceptance until 5 p.m., Mountain Time, on September 15. The offer is not subject to any due diligence or financing conditions, with the cash consideration payable under the offer to be funded under a bridge financing commitment from a syndicate of lenders, Strathcona said. Strathcona said it expects to issue up to around 145 million of its shares under the offer, consisting of 143 million shares issuable for MEG shares deposited pursuant to the offer and 2 million Strathcona shares issuable for the MEG Shares issued upon settlement of certain security-based compensation awards of MEG, representing approximately 68 percent of the approximately 214 million Strathcona shares issued and outstanding currently. Strathcona also announced the execution of an equity commitment letter with Waterous Energy Fund (WEF), the holder of 79.6 percent of its outstanding shares, through certain limited partnerships comprising Waterous Energy Fund III (WEF III), under which WEF III has committed to purchase an additional 21.4 million Strathcona shares through subscription receipts, conditional upon completion of the offer. Under the terms of the equity commitment letter, the investment will be completed at a subscription price of $30.92 per subscription receipt, equating to an incremental investment by WEF in Strathcona of approximately $662 million, according to the release. Strathcona Executive Chairman Adam Waterous, who is also CEO of WEF, said, “WEF’s major further investment in Strathcona reflects our view that more than eight years into building Strathcona our best

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EOG to Acquire Encino’s Assets in Utica for $5.6B

EOG Resources, Inc. said it has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Encino Acquisition Partners (EAP) from the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPP) and Encino Energy for $5.6 billion, inclusive of EAP’s net debt. EOG expects to fund the acquisition through $3.5 billion of debt and $2.1 billion of cash on hand, the company said in a news release. The transaction is expected to close in the second half, subject to clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act and other customary closing conditions, EOG said. The acquisition of Encino’s 675,000 net core acres increases EOG’s Utica position to a combined 1.1 million net acres, representing more than 2 billion barrels of oil equivalent of undeveloped net resources, with pro forma production totaling 275,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day (boepd), according to the release. EOG said that the acquisition significantly expands its contiguous liquids-rich acreage, adds premium-priced gas exposure, and increases working interest. The company averages 65 percent liquids production, with 235,000 net acres for a combined contiguous position of 485,000 net acres. On the natural gas front, the acquisition adds 330,000 net acres along with existing natural gas production with firm transportation exposed to premium end markets. In the northern acreage, where the company has delivered outstanding well results, EOG increases its existing average working interest by more than 20 percent, the company stated. “This acquisition combines large, premier acreage positions in the Utica, creating a third foundational play for EOG alongside our Delaware Basin and Eagle Ford assets,” EOG Chairman and CEO Ezra Yacob said. “Encino’s acreage improves the quality and depth of our Utica position, expanding EOG’s multi-basin portfolio to more than 12 billion barrels of oil equivalent net resources”. “We are excited to execute on this unique opportunity that is immediately accretive to our per-share metrics

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JP Morgan Asks If Oil Prices Are $10 Too Low or $20 Too High

In a research note sent to Rigzone late Thursday by Natasha Kaneva, Head of Global Commodities Strategy at J.P. Morgan, analysts at the company, including Kaneva, asked if oil prices are “$10 too low or $20 too high”. The analysts highlighted in the note that, during the company’s two weeks of marketing in Europe and Asia, J.P. Morgan “encountered both perspectives”. “Some clients believe that current oil prices are $10 too low, while others argue they are $20 too high,” the analysts said. The J.P. Morgan analysts outlined “the bullish argument” and “bear…reasons” in the note.  “Incoming hard data on the economy has held up so far, and oil demand has been relatively robust,” the analysts said under a subcategory for the former. “Perspectives are shifting away from concerns about a U.S. recession to optimism about growth-boosting deregulation and tax cuts,” they added. “Similarly, views on China are evolving. We were surprised by the positive sentiment in China. Chinese copper demand, a reliable indicator of the health of the Chinese economy, increased by 6-7 percent in the first quarter, with sufficient underlying momentum beyond frontloading to sustain growth into the second half of the year,” they continued. “China has a clear policy direction focused on growth, aiming at proactive expansion of domestic demand,” they went on to state. Under this subcategory, the analysts also noted that “healthy refinery margins are encouraging high utilization rates and product cracks are strong, yet global product inventories are stubbornly low”. “Strong demand for crude is reflected in the prompt spreads of both Brent and WTI, which are trading at 58-64c/bbl backwardation,” they added. Under the bear case subhead included in the note, the analysts said, “despite robust demand so far this year, averaging 1.0 million barrels per day year to date, visible inventories have

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OPEC+ Countries to ‘Implement Production Adjustment’ of 411K Bpd in July

A statement posted on OPEC’s website on Saturday announced that Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman “will implement a production adjustment of 411,000 barrels per day” next month. The statement noted that “the eight OPEC+ countries, which previously announced additional voluntary adjustments in April and November 2023 … met virtually on 31 May 2025, to review global market conditions and outlook”. “In view of a steady global economic outlook and current healthy market fundamentals, as reflected in the low oil inventories, and in accordance with the decision agreed upon on 5 December 2024 to start a gradual and flexible return of the 2.2 million barrels per day voluntary adjustments starting from 1 April 2025, the eight participating countries will implement a production adjustment of 411,000 barrels per day in July 2025 from June 2025 required production level,” it added. The statement noted that this “is equivalent to three monthly increments” and highlighted that “the gradual increases may be paused or reversed subject to evolving market conditions”, adding that “this flexibility will allow the group to continue to support oil market stability”.  “The eight OPEC+ countries also noted that this measure will provide an opportunity for the participating countries to accelerate their compensation,” the statement went on to note. “The eight countries reiterated their collective commitment to achieve full conformity with the Declaration of Cooperation, including the additional voluntary production adjustments that were agreed to be monitored by the JMMC during its 53rd meeting held on April 3rd 2024,” it continued. The statement also noted that the eight countries “confirmed their intention to fully compensate for any overproduced volume since January 2024”. “The eight OPEC+ countries will hold monthly meetings to review market conditions, conformity, and compensation. The eight countries will meet on 6 July 2025 to

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AI boom exposes infrastructure gaps: APAC’s data center demand to outstrip supply by 42%

“Investor confidence in data centres is expected to strengthen over the remainder of the decade,” the report said. “Strong demand and solid underlying fundamentals fuelled by AI and cloud services growth will provide a robust foundation for investors to build scale.” Enterprise strategies must evolve With supply constrained and prices rising, CBRE recommended that enterprises rethink data center procurement models. Waiting for optimal sites or price points is no longer viable in many markets. Instead, enterprises should pursue early partnerships with operators that have robust development pipelines and focus on securing power-ready land. Build-to-suit models are becoming more relevant, especially for larger capacity requirements. Smaller enterprise facilities — those under 5MW — may face sustainability challenges in the long term. The report suggested that these could become “less relevant” as companies increasingly turn to specialized colocation and hyperscale providers. Still, traditional workloads will continue to represent up to 50% of total demand through 2030, preserving value in existing facilities for non-AI use cases, the report added. The region’s projected 15 to 25 GW gap is more than a temporary shortage — it signals a structural shift, CBRE said. Enterprises that act early to secure infrastructure, invest in emerging markets, and align with power availability will be best positioned to meet digital transformation goals. “Those that wait may find themselves locked out of the digital infrastructure they need to compete,” the report added.

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Cisco bolsters DNS security package

The software can block domains associated with phishing, malware, botnets, and other high-risk categories such as cryptomining or new domains that haven’t been reported previously. It can also create custom block and allow lists and offers the ability to pinpoint compromised systems using real-time security activity reports, Brunetto wrote. According to Cisco, many organizations leave DNS resolution to their ISP. “But the growth of direct enterprise internet connections and remote work make DNS optimization for threat defense, privacy, compliance, and performance ever more important,” Cisco stated. “Along with core security hygiene, like a patching program, strong DNS-layer security is the leading cost-effective way to improve security posture. It blocks threats before they even reach your firewall, dramatically reducing the alert pressure your security team manages.” “Unlike other Secure Service Edge (SSE) solutions that have added basic DNS security in a ‘checkbox’ attempt to meet market demand, Cisco Secure Access – DNS Defense embeds strong security into its global network of 50+ DNS data centers,” Brunetto wrote. “Among all SSE solutions, only Cisco’s features a recursive DNS architecture that ensures low-latency, fast DNS resolution, and seamless failover.”

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HPE Aruba unveils raft of new switches for data center, campus modernization

And in large-scale enterprise environments embracing collapsed-core designs, the switch acts as a high-performance aggregation layer. It consolidates services, simplifies network architecture, and enforces security policies natively, reducing complexity and operational cost, Gray said. In addition, the switch offers the agility and security required at colocation facilities and edge sites. Its integrated Layer 4 stateful security and automation-ready platform enable rapid deployment while maintaining robust control and visibility over distributed infrastructure, Gray said. The CX 10040 significantly expands the capacity it can provide and the roles it can serve for enterprise customers, according to one industry analyst. “From the enterprise side, this expands on the feature set and capabilities of the original 10000, giving customers the ability to run additional services directly in the network,” said Alan Weckel, co-founder and analyst with The 650 Group. “It helps drive a lower TCO and provide a more secure network.”  Aimed as a VMware alternative Gray noted that HPE Aruba is combining its recently announced Morpheus VM Essentials plug-in package, which offers a hypervisor-based package aimed at hybrid cloud virtualization environments, with the CX 10040 to deliver a meaningful alternative to Broadcom’s VMware package. “If customers want to get out of the business of having to buy VM cloud or Cloud Foundation stuff and all of that, they can replace the distributed firewall, microsegmentation and lots of the capabilities found in the old VMware NSX [networking software] and the CX 10k, and Morpheus can easily replace that functionality [such as VM orchestration, automation and policy management],” Gray said. The 650 Group’s Weckel weighed in on the idea of the CX 10040 as a VMware alternative:

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Indian startup Refroid launches India’s first data center CDUs

They use heat exchangers and pumps to regulate the flow and temperature of fluid delivered to equipment for cooling, while isolating the technology cooling system loop from facility systems. The technology addresses limitations of traditional air cooling, which industry experts say cannot adequately handle the heat generated by modern AI processors and high-density computing applications. Strategic significance for India Industry analysts view the development as a critical milestone for India’s data center ecosystem. “India generates 20% of global data, yet contributes only 3% to global data center capacity. This imbalance is not merely spatial — it’s systemic,” said Sanchit Vir Gogia, chief analyst and CEO at Greyhound Research. “The emergence of indigenously developed CDUs signals a strategic pivot. Domestic CDU innovation is a defining moment in India’s transition from data centre host to technology co-creator.” Neil Shah, VP for research and partner at Counterpoint Research, noted that major international players like Schneider, Vertiv, Asetek, Liquidstack, and Zutacore have been driving most CDU deployments in Indian enterprises and data centers. “Having a local indigenous CDU tech and supplier designed with Indian weather, infrastructure and costs in mind expands options for domestic data center demand,” he said. AI driving data center cooling revolution India’s data center capacity reached approximately 1,255 MW between January and September 2024 and was projected to expand to around 1,600 MW by the end of 2024, according to CBRE India’s 2024 Data Center Market Update. Multiple market research firms have projected the India data center market to grow from about $5.7 billion in 2024 to $12 billion by 2030. Bhavaraju cited aggressive projections for the sector’s expansion, with AI workloads expected to account for 30% of total workloads by 2030. “All of them need liquid cooling,” he said, noting that “today’s latest GPU servers – GB200 from Nvidia

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Platform approach gains steam among network teams

Revisting the platform vs. point solutions debate The dilemma of whether to deploy an assortment of best-of-breed products from multiple vendors or go with a unified platform of “good enough” tools from a single vendor has vexed IT execs forever. Today, the pendulum is swinging toward the platform approach for three key reasons. First, complexity, driven by the increasingly distributed nature of enterprise networks, has emerged as a top challenge facing IT execs. Second, the lines between networking and security are blurring, particularly as organizations deploy zero trust network access (ZTNA). And third, to reap the benefits of AIOps, generative AI and agentic AI, organizations need a unified data store. “The era of enterprise connectivity platforms is upon us,” says IDC analyst Brandon Butler. “Organizations are increasingly adopting platform-based approaches to their enterprise connectivity infrastructure to overcome complexity and unlock new business value. When enhanced by AI, enterprise platforms can increase productivity, enrich end-user experiences, enhance security, and ultimately drive new opportunities for innovation.” In IDC’s Worldwide AI in Networking Special Report, 78% of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the statement: “I am moving to an AI-powered platform approach for networking.” Gartner predicts that 70% of enterprises will select a broad platform for new multi-cloud networking software deployments by 2027, an increase from 10% in early 2024. The breakdown of silos between network and security operations will be driven by organizations implementing zero-trust principles as well as the adoption of AI and AIOps. “In the future, enterprise networks will be increasingly automated, AI-assisted and more tightly integrated with security across LAN, data center and WAN domains,” according to Gartner’s 2025 Strategic Roadmap for Enterprise Networking. While all of the major networking vendors have announced cloud-based platforms, it’s still relatively early days. For example, Cisco announced a general framework for Cisco

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Oracle to spend $40B on Nvidia chips for OpenAI data center in Texas

OpenAI has also expanded Stargate internationally, with plans for a UAE data center announced during Trump’s recent Gulf tour. The Abu Dhabi facility is planned as a 10-square-mile campus with 5 gigawatts of power. Gogia said OpenAI’s selection of Oracle “is not just about raw compute, but about access to geographically distributed, enterprise-grade infrastructure that complements its ambition to serve diverse regulatory environments and availability zones.” Power demands create infrastructure dilemma The facility’s power requirements raise serious questions about AI’s sustainability. Gogia noted that the 1.2-gigawatt demand — “on par with a nuclear facility” — highlights “the energy unsustainability of today’s hyperscale AI ambitions.” Shah warned that the power envelope keeps expanding. “As AI scales up and so does the necessary compute infrastructure needs exponentially, the power envelope is also consistently rising,” he said. “The key question is how much is enough? Today it’s 1.2GW, tomorrow it would need even more.” This escalating demand could burden Texas’s infrastructure, potentially requiring billions in new power grid investments that “will eventually put burden on the tax-paying residents,” Shah noted. Alternatively, projects like Stargate may need to “build their own separate scalable power plant.” What this means for enterprises The scale of these facilities explains why many organizations are shifting toward leased AI computing rather than building their own capabilities. The capital requirements and operational complexity are beyond what most enterprises can handle independently.

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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