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Eni in Talks to Sell 20 Percent of RE Unit to Ares

Eni SpA has signed a deal with Ares Alternative Credit Management to negotiate a potential divestment of 20 percent of its renewable energy (RE) arm to the investment fund. The potential sale places an equity value of EUR 9.8 billion ($11 billion) to EUR 10.2 billion on Eni Plenitude SpA Società Benefit, “corresponding to an enterprise value of more […]

Eni SpA has signed a deal with Ares Alternative Credit Management to negotiate a potential divestment of 20 percent of its renewable energy (RE) arm to the investment fund.

The potential sale places an equity value of EUR 9.8 billion ($11 billion) to EUR 10.2 billion on Eni Plenitude SpA Società Benefit, “corresponding to an enterprise value of more than EUR 12 billion”, Italian state-backed Eni said in a brief statement.

“The agreement follows a thorough selection process involving several prominent international players who expressed strong interest in the company, further confirming the great appeal of its business model and its growth prospects”, added the statement on Eni’s website.

Earlier Energy Infrastructure Partners (EIP) raised its stake in Plenitude to 10 percent by injecting EUR 209 million in additional capital. Including EUR 588 million paid March 2024, EIP has invested about EUR 800 million in Plenitude.

“The transaction confirms a post-money equity value of Plenitude of around EUR 8 billion and an enterprise value of over EUR 10 billion”, Eni said in a press release April 11, 2025.

EIP partner Tim Marahrens said, “Our increased commitment to Plenitude reflects our confidence in its unique integrated model, which combines renewable generation, retail energy solutions and e-mobility at scale”.

“Over the past year, Plenitude has demonstrated its ability to exceed targets and capitalize on the accelerating energy transition”, Marahrens added.

Plenitude’s installed generation capacity from renewable sources rose to four gigawatts (GW) last year. Plenitude plans to reach 10 GW of renewable capacity by 2028.

Currently it is active in over 15 countries. It counts more than 10 million retail customers, as well as over 21,000 electric vehicle charging points, according to Eni.

Recently KKR & Co. Inc. completed the purchase of a 25 percent stake in another Eni company, biofuels developer Enilive. That is to be raised to 30 percent after the conclusion of a later agreement.

“The overall proceeds for Eni group, after accounting for cash adjustments and other items, amount to EUR 2.967 billion, including a capital increase in Enilive of EUR 500 million to support the company’s growth plan”, Eni said March 6, 2025.

“Enilive, with its integrated business model, represents a prime example of the progress of the business satellite model, further confirmed by a post-money valuation of EUR 11.75 billion of Equity Value for 100 percent of Enilive’s share capital and KKR’s commitment to strengthen its role as a key partner through an agreement, announced to the market on 18 February, to increase its stake in Enilive by a further 5 percent”.

Eni’s satellite model involves, in the company’s words, “creating focused and lean companies able to attract new capital to create value through operating and financial synergies and the acceleration of growth”.

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Survey: AMD continues to take server share from Intel

Dean McCarron, president of Mercury, said it’s not AMD stealing Intel business but mostly a case of AMD growing faster than Intel. “AMD’s growth rate in the quarter was multiples of Intel’s, resulting in significant server share gains,” he said in a research note. “Server processor shipments were definitively the

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FERC rejects MISO plan to speed generation interconnection

Federal regulators on Friday rejected the Midcontinent Independent System Operator’s plan to fast-track new generation interconnections, arguing the proposal lacked limits on the number of projects that could be considered. MISO filed its Expedited Resource Addition Study process, or ERAS, in March, to provide a framework for the accelerated study of generation it said could address urgent resource adequacy and reliability needs. Under the proposal, projects entering the ERAS process would have been studied serially each quarter and granted an expedited interconnection agreement within 90 days. But renewable energy stakeholders argued the proposal could add chaos “to an already complex process.” In a 2-1 vote, FERC commissioners denied the proposal. The ERAS proposal “places no limit on the number of projects that could be entered in the ERAS process, which could result in an ERAS queue with processing times for interconnection requests that are too lengthy to meet MISO’s stated resource adequacy and reliability needs,” Commissioners David Rosner and Lindsay See wrote in their decision. MISO’s proposed tariff language, for example, did not limit the number of interconnection requests or total megawatts of interconnection requests that are eligible to enter the ERAS queue, they noted. “MISO proposes up to 14 opportunities to enter the ERAS process through 2028, which could further impede MISO’s ability to process ERAS requests on an expedited basis,” according to the decision. FERC Chairman Mark Christie dissented, though he said he did not disagree with the majority’s criticism. “I am willing, however, to extend to both the states and MISO a trust that they would implement the ERAS proposal in a manner that would promote the construction of badly needed generation capacity that serves resource adequacy and reliability,” Christie wrote. “One thing we know with no need for further proof: This country, including MISO, is heading for a

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Stop work order on Empire Wind 1 lifted, Equinor resumes construction

The Trump administration has lifted its stop work order on the 810-MW Empire Wind 1 project offshore New York, allowing construction to resume, developer Equinor said Monday. New York Governor Kathy Hochul, D, said in a Monday release that “countless conversations with Equinor and White House officials” had led to the lifting of the stop work order. “Now, Equinor will resume the construction of this fully-permitted project that had already received the necessary federal approvals,” she said. “I also reaffirmed that New York will work with the Administration and private entities on new energy projects that meet the legal requirements under New York law.” Interior Secretary Doug Burgum said in a Monday X post that he was “encouraged by Governor Hochul’s comments about her willingness to move forward on critical pipeline capacity” for natural gas.  The stop work order was issued April 16, and last week Equinor said the situation would force the company to terminate the project entirely if the situation wasn’t resolved within days, as the stoppage cost around $50 million a week. “I am grateful to Governor Hochul for her constructive collaboration with the Trump Administration, without which we would not have been able to advance this project and secure energy for 500,000 homes in New York,” Anders Opedal, president and CEO of Equinor said in a release. Opedal also thanked the president, New York City Mayor Eric Adams, and several New York lawmakers “as well as labour groups and other advocates that have maintained their steadfast support for the project.” When issuing the order, Burgum said in a letter to the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management that the project was “rushed through by the prior administration without sufficient analysis or consultation among the relevant agencies as relates to the potential effects from the project” and that

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GOP supporters of IRA clean energy credits outline reconciliation bill recommendations

Dive Brief: A group of Congressional Republicans are asking their party to further tweak proposed changes to clean energy tax credits that the House Ways and Means Committee included in its reconciliation bill text. The proposed budget reconciliation bill would decrease the credits for a number of clean energy technologies after 2028 and phase them out entirely after 2031, as well as additional requirements to qualify for the credits and an early sunset for their transferability. Rep. Jen Kiggans, a Virginia Republican, led 13 other House members in a joint statement Wednesday seeking to extend the transferability mechanism through the phase-out period and make other changes. The GOP tax bill, as currently constructed, passed the House Budget Committee late on Sunday, after the committee failed to clear the bill on Friday. However, as Kiggans and the other lawmakers seek changes to the bill to further protect the clean energy tax provisions, others in the party are looking to speed up the phaseout. Dive Insight: While the original Inflation Reduction Act had technology-neutral clean energy production and investment credits available until 2032, the House Ways and Means Committee’s bill text would move the sunset dates up and phase them out over a four-year period. Companies would be able to receive 80% of the credit values in 2029, 60% in 2030, 40% in 2031, with the credits phasing out entirely in 2032. Another nuclear power production credit would be phased out on the same schedule. Kiggans and her colleagues said they commended the committee “for including reasonable phase-out schedules” for the credits, but said in the May 14 joint statement that a few more changes are needed “to fully realize the intent of these phase-out schedules.” “While many of these provisions reflect a commitment to American energy dominance through an all-of-the-above energy

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Government asked to remove carbon capture from climate delivery plan

Opposition to the Net Zero Teesside (NZT) gas-fired power station with carbon capture has ramped up as developers await a court decision next month on the project’s climate impact. Environmental consultant Andrew Boswell has called for ministers to remove carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) from the new carbon budget delivery plan. “Ed Miliband is doing some very good work with his ambitions for a clean power system by 2030,” said Boswell. “However, he fails to see that the plans for fossil fuel-based carbon capture which he inherited from the previous government are hugely damaging to the climate. The government is conveniently ignoring the true climate costs and impacts when they fall outside UK territory.” NZT would be the first gas-fired plant in the UK to capture carbon emissions. A final judgment on the appeal case against its impact on the climate is expected by mid-June, Boswell told Energy Voice. He has partnered with Zero Hour, the campaign for the Climate and Nature Bill, asking for ex-territorial carbon emissions to be “properly accounted for by the UK”, and adequate policies. They have teamed with climate groups and MP Watch to initiate a dialogue with government and mobilise local constituents to write to ministers. A DESNZ spokesperson said in a response to a request for comment: “Carbon capture, usage and storage is vital to boost our energy security, and the Climate Change Committee describes it as a ‘necessity not an option’ for reaching our climate goals. “There is no route to protecting jobs in our industrial heartlands and securing the future of heavy industry in the UK without it.” The government’s net zero strategy was previously thrown out of the High Court in 2022 as it initially failed to show how the plan could be feasibly delivered, including the necessary risk

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Zonal pricing feud escalates as Octopus accuses pollster

London-based opinion polling firm Survation has been forced to withdraw a survey on zonal pricing after Octopus accused the company of breaching an industry code of conduct. The firm, which pulled the results on 16 May before publication, in a written response to a request for comment, admitted that questions in the survey “were not subject to our usual internal review procedures”. Government is expected to make a decision on reforming the UK electricity market by the end of next month, with discussions on regional power pricing forming a key part of the possible measures. Regional pricing would carve up the UK power market into regional zones with local power prices based on supply and demand. Energy utilities and renewable energy companies have pushed back against plans for zonal pricing, warning that it would jeopardise billions of pounds of investment in technologies such as offshore wind. Aberdeen-based communications agency True North commissioned and distributed the results from the survey on zonal pricing on 16 May under an embargo. The communications agency then contacted the media with an urgent message to rescind the results of the poll on the same day they were issued , following a complaint from Octopus. Energy supplier Octopus claimed that the survey asked people “highly leading questions”, known as ‘push polling’. A spokesman for True North said: “True North has partnered with Survation for several years, publicising numerous polls that gauge public opinion on politics and issues of importance to the Scottish business community. “Survation made us aware this particular data set had not been processed through its normal filters and apologised to True North for the error.” Survation said in an emailed response to a request to comment: “It is common practice for clients to propose draft polling questions in their own words. Survation’s role

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UK may need to build equivalent of 10 Rough facilities to meet hydrogen storage demand

The UK may need to build 10 times the capacity of the existing Rough offshore gas storage facility to meet its future hydrogen needs, a Holyrood committee has heard. Appearing before the Net Zero, Energy and Transport Committee, University of Edinburgh professor Stuart Hazeldine said the UK could effectively need to build “another 20 salt caverns” onshore to provide sufficient hydrogen storage. It comes after Rough owner Centrica earlier this week warned it may shut down the UK’s largest gas storage facility without additional government support. Hazeldine made the comments as the Holyrood committee considered the future of the Grangemouth refinery and industrial complex. Grangemouth refinery owner Petroineos ceased operations at the site earlier this year, leading to the loss of 400 jobs. A joint UK and Scottish government project, known as Project Willow, has identified up to £13 billion of future investment opportunities at Grangemouth. These include the production of synthetic fuels, including sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and e-methanol, as well as opportunities for e-ammonia and fuel switching. Many of these require hydrogen as part of the production process, which is part of why the Scottish government has said hydrogen is one of Scotland’s “greatest industrial opportunities since oil and gas”. Grangemouth hydrogen future But for Grangemouth to produce these fuels, and jobs, the UK and Scotland will need to significantly scale up production of blue and green hydrogen production. The UK sector is also calling for clarity on the development of hydrogen transport and storage networks. But Scotland’s hydrogen sector has warned a lack of government support is leading to “disappointing results” from efforts to build up the country’s hydrogen economy. Asked by the Holyrood committee how the UK can bring down the costs of hydrogen storage, Hazeldine said the country will need to invest in more underground

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Tariff uncertainty weighs on networking vendors

“Our guide assumes current tariffs and exemptions remain in place through the quarter. These include the following: China at 30%, partially offset by an exemption for semiconductors and certain electronic components; Mexico and Canada at 25% for the components and products that are not eligible for the current exemptions,” Cisco CFO Scott Herron told Wall Street analysts in the company’s quarterly earnings report on May 14. At this time, Cisco expects little impact from tariffs on steel and aluminum and retaliatory tariffs, Herron said. “We’ll continue to leverage our world-class supply chain team to help mitigate the impact,” he said, adding that “the flexibility and agility we have built into our operations over the last few years, the size and scale of our supply chain, provides us some unique advantages as we support our customers globally.” “Once the tariff scenario stabilizes, there [are] steps that we can take to mitigate it, as you’ve seen us do with China from the first Trump administration. And only after that would we consider price [increases],” Herron said. Similarly, Extreme Networks noted the changing tariff conditions during its earnings call on April 30. “The tariff situation is very dynamic, I think, as everybody knows and can appreciate, and it’s kind of hard to call. Yes, there was concern initially given the magnitude of tariffs,” said Extreme Networks CEO Ed Meyercord on the earnings call. “The larger question is, will all of the changes globally in trade and tariff policy have an impact on demand? And that’s hard to call at this point. And we’re going to hold as far as providing guidance or judgment on that until we have finality come July.” Financial news Meanwhile, AI is fueling high expectations and influencing investments in enterprise campus and data center environments.

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Liquid cooling becoming essential as AI servers proliferate

“Facility water loops sometimes have good water quality, sometimes bad,” says My Troung, CTO at ZutaCore, a liquid cooling company. “Sometimes you have organics you don’t want to have inside the technical loop.” So there’s one set of pipes that goes around the data center, collecting the heat from the server racks, and another set of smaller pipes that lives inside individual racks or servers. “That inner loop is some sort of technical fluid, and the two loops exchange heat across a heat exchanger,” says Troung. The most common approach today, he says, is to use a single-phase liquid — one that stays in liquid form and never evaporates into a gas — such as water or propylene glycol. But it’s not the most efficient option. Evaporation is a great way to dissipate heat. That’s what our bodies do when we sweat. When water goes from a liquid to a gas it’s called a phase change, and it uses up energy and makes everything around it slightly cooler. Of course, few servers run hot enough to boil water — but they can boil other liquids. “Two phase is the most efficient cooling technology,” says Xianming (Simon) Dai, a professor at University of Texas at Dallas. And it might be here sooner than you think. In a keynote address in March at Nvidia GTC, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang unveiled the Rubin Ultra NVL576, due in the second half of 2027 — with 600 kilowatts per rack. “With the 600 kilowatt racks that Nvidia is announcing, the industry will have to shift very soon from single-phase approaches to two-phase,” says ZutaCore’s Troung. Another highly-efficient cooling approach is immersion cooling. According to a Castrol survey released in March, 90% of 600 data center industry leaders say that they are considering switching to immersion

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Cisco taps OpenAI’s Codex for AI-driven network coding

“If you want to ask Codex a question about your codebase, click “Ask”. Each task is processed independently in a separate, isolated environment preloaded with your codebase. Codex can read and edit files, as well as run commands including test harnesses, linters, and type checkers. Task completion typically takes between 1 and 30 minutes, depending on complexity, and you can monitor Codex’s progress in real time,” according to OpenAI. “Once Codex completes a task, it commits its changes in its environment. Codex provides verifiable evidence of its actions through citations of terminal logs and test outputs, allowing you to trace each step taken during task completion,” OpenAI wrote. “You can then review the results, request further revisions, open a GitHub pull request, or directly integrate the changes into your local environment. In the product, you can configure the Codex environment to match your real development environment as closely as possible.” OpenAI is releasing Codex as a research preview: “We prioritized security and transparency when designing Codex so users can verify its outputs – a safeguard that grows increasingly more important as AI models handle more complex coding tasks independently and safety considerations evolve. Users can check Codex’s work through citations, terminal logs and test results,” OpenAI wrote.  Internally, technical teams at OpenAI have started using Codex. “It is most often used by OpenAI engineers to offload repetitive, well-scoped tasks, like refactoring, renaming, and writing tests, that would otherwise break focus. It’s equally useful for scaffolding new features, wiring components, fixing bugs, and drafting documentation,” OpenAI stated. Cisco’s view of agentic AI Patel stated that Codex is part of the developing AI agent world, where Cisco envisions billions of AI agents will work together to transform and redefine the architectural assumptions the industry has relied on. Agents will communicate within and

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US companies are helping Saudi Arabia to build an AI powerhouse

AMD announced a five-year, $10 billion collaboration with Humain to deploy up to 500 megawatts of AI compute in Saudi Arabia and the US, aiming to deploy “multi-exaflop capacity by early 2026.” AWS, too, is expanding its data centers in Saudi Arabia to bolster Humain’s cloud infrastructure. Saudi Arabia has abundant oil and gas to power those data centers, and is growing its renewable energy resources with the goal of supplying 50% of the country’s power by 2030. “Commercial electricity rates, nearly 50% lower than in the US, offer potential cost savings for AI model training, though high local hosting costs due to land, talent, and infrastructure limit total savings,” said Eric Samuel, Associate Director at IDC. Located near Middle Eastern population centers and fiber optic cables to Asia, these data centers will offer enterprises low-latency cloud computing for real-time AI applications. Late is great There’s an advantage to being a relative latecomer to the technology industry, said Eric Samuel, associate director, research at IDC. “Saudi Arabia’s greenfield tech landscape offers a unique opportunity for rapid, ground-up AI integration, unburdened by legacy systems,” he said.

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AMD, Nvidia partner with Saudi startup to build multi-billion dollar AI service centers

Humain will deploy the Nvidia Omniverse platform as a multi-tenant system to drive acceleration of the new era of physical AI and robotics through simulation, optimization and operation of physical environments by new human-AI-led solutions. The AMD deal did not discuss the number of chips involved in the deal, but it is valued at $10 billion. AMD and Humain plan to develop a comprehensive AI infrastructure through a network of AMD-based AI data centers that will extend from Saudi Arabia to the US and support a wide range of AI workloads across corporate, start-up, and government markets. Think of it as AWS but only offering AI as a service. AMD will provide its AI compute portfolio – Epyc, Instinct, and FPGA networking — and the AMD ROCm open software ecosystem, while Humain will manage the delivery of the hyperscale data center, sustainable power systems, and global fiber interconnects. The partners expect to activate a multi-exaflop network by early 2026, supported by next-generation AI silicon, modular data center zones, and a software platform stack focused on developer enablement, open standards, and interoperability. Amazon Web Services also got a piece of the action, announcing a more than $5 billion investment to build an “AI zone” in the Kingdom. The zone is the first of its kind and will bring together multiple capabilities, including dedicated AWS AI infrastructure and servers, UltraCluster networks for faster AI training and inference, AWS services like SageMaker and Bedrock, and AI application services such as Amazon Q. Like the AMD project, the zone will be available in 2026. Humain only emerged this month, so little is known about it. But given that it is backed by Crown Prince Salman and has the full weight of the Kingdom’s Public Investment Fund (PIF), which ranks among the world’s largest and

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Check Point CISO: Network segregation can prevent blackouts, disruptions

Fischbein agrees 100% with his colleague’s analysis and adds that education and training can help prevent such incidents from occurring. “Simulating such a blackout is impossible, it has never been done,” he acknowledges, but he is committed to strengthening personal and team training and risk awareness. Increased defense and cybersecurity budgets In 2025, industry watchers expect there will be an increase in the public budget allocated to defense. In Spain, one-third of the budget will be allocated to increasing cybersecurity. But for Fischbein, training teams is much more important than the budget. “The challenge is to distribute the budget in a way that can be managed,” he notes, and to leverage intuitive and easy-to-use platforms, so that organizations don’t have to invest all the money in training. “When you have information, management, users, devices, mobiles, data centers, clouds, cameras, printers… the security challenge is very complex. You have to look for a security platform that makes things easier, faster, and simpler,” he says. ” Today there are excellent tools that can stop all kinds of attacks.” “Since 2010, there have been cybersecurity systems, also from Check Point, that help prevent this type of incident from happening, but I’m not sure that [Spain’s electricity blackout] was a cyberattack.” Leading the way in email security According to Gartner’s Magic Quadrant, Check Point is the leader in email security platforms. Today email is still responsible for 88% of all malicious file distributions. Attacks that, as Fischbein explains, enter through phishing, spam, SMS, or QR codes. “There are two challenges: to stop the threats and not to disturb, because if the security tool is a nuisance it causes more harm than good. It is very important that the solution does not annoy [users],” he stresses. “As almost all attacks enter via e-mail, it is

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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