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Lower gas reserves expected this winter as UK’s largest storage facility halts

Centrica has ceased injecting natural gas into the UK’s largest energy storage facility, located in the North Sea, which is likely to mean lower gas reserves this winter. The company is believed to have stopped refilling the Rough gas storage facility off the Yorkshire coast this month, which comprises about half of the UK’s energy […]

Centrica has ceased injecting natural gas into the UK’s largest energy storage facility, located in the North Sea, which is likely to mean lower gas reserves this winter.

The company is believed to have stopped refilling the Rough gas storage facility off the Yorkshire coast this month, which comprises about half of the UK’s energy storage capacity.

Centrica warned in December that the Rough facility was making a loss of between £50m and £100m for the Centrica Energy Storage+ business division. The company has indicated that the storage facility, which was reopened in 2022 due to the energy crisis to plug demand, was not financially viable in prevailing market conditions.

British Gas owner Centrica has said that it needs a cap-and-floor mechanism to redevelop the facility with £2 billion of its own cash so that it can store hydrogen.

The company has broached talks with government over the future operation of the plant and met with Ed Miliband in March to discuss options for keeping the plant open.

A spokesperson for the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) said the government is “open to discussing proposals on gas storage sites, as long as it provides value for money for taxpayers”.

Clean power mission boss Chris Stark said at a parliamentary hearing earlier this year in January that the government was considering a regulatory mechanism to support hydrogen storage from around 2030.

Unabated gas is envisaged to comprise up to 5% of the UK’s energy demand by 2030 under a system operator study on the clean power mission.

Its group chief executive Chris O’Shea said on a webinar with analysts at the release of its annual results in February that the company was considering all options for Rough and had not made a decision around its continuation.

The impetus behind the latest halt to injections is thought to be that the difference between the gas prices at which it would inject now and the winter gas price at which it would withdraw is not high enough to make financial sense.

Centrica is not understood to have closed Rough, but the hiatus on injections into the gas storage facility is expected to shrink gas storage capacity this winter.

In June 2023, the company doubled capacity at the storage facility, which used to produce gas but is now used for storage alone since being shuttered in 2017.

Following the emergency extension of capacity at the gas storage facility, it provides six days of storage capacity for the UK as a whole.

The UK’s ability to store gas reserves is significantly less than other countries and mainland Europe, at just 12 days of capacity compared to 89 days in Germany and 103 in France.

This coming winter, the UK’s reserve gas capacity is expected to be materially lower than for the last two winters.

At the time of reopening Rough for gas storage in October 2022 it was able to store approximately 30 billion cubic feet (bcf) of gas, but further investment meant the facility was able to store up to 54 bcf of gas.

The company said it reached a record fill level in November 2024, the fullest it had been since reopening in 2022.

Centrica is expected to keep operating the facility while embarking on a redevelopment that would involve drilling new wells and installing a new platform.

The company began to decommission a disused platform at the Rough gas storage facility in December.

A DESNZ spokesperson said: “Our mission to make the UK a clean energy superpower is about improving our long-term national energy security by replacing our dependence on fossil fuel markets with clean homegrown power that we control.

“The future of Rough storage is a commercial decision for Centrica, but we remain open to discussing proposals on gas storage sites, as long as it provides value for money for taxpayers.”

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Network data hygiene: The critical first step to effective AI agents

Many network teams manage some 15 to 30 different dashboards to track data across all the components in an environment, struggling to cobble together relevant information across domains and spending hours troubleshooting a single incident. In short, they are drowning in data. Artificial intelligence tools—and specifically AI agents—promise to ease

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Key takeaways from IBM Think partner event

The first week of May means flowers from April showers and that it’s time for IBM Think in Boston. The first day of the event has historically been the Partner Plus day, which is devoted to content for IBM partners, which include ISVs, technology partners and resellers. The 2025 keynote

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LandBridge Posts Higher Revenue

LandBridge Company LLC has reported $44 million in revenue for the first quarter of 2025, up from $36.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 and $19 million for the corresponding quarter a year prior. The company attributed the sequential increase to increases in surface use royalties of $6.8 million,

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More than half of MSPs urge chancellor to back major carbon capture project

More than half of all MSPs at Holyrood have joined forces with MPs to call for the chancellor to immediately back a major carbon capture project in Scotland. The huge cross-party group – which includes 71 MSPs and 10 MPs – is urging Rachel Reeves to deliver the money needed to progress the Acorn carbon capture and storage (CCS) project in Aberdeenshire. Reeves has been warned that any further delay to Acorn “will jeopardise Scotland’s industrial decarbonisation, put significant private sector investment at risk and compromise our energy security”. Carbon capture is the process of trapping emissions produced by the burning of fossil fuels. The Acorn project would take emissions from the country’s biggest polluters and store them in depleted gas reservoirs under the North Sea. Tuesday’s letter to the chancellor says the Acorn project is needed as the country’s green energy transition is failing to happen fast enough to make up for the decline in the North Sea oil and gas sector. “Acorn is Scotland’s only at-scale CO2 transport and storage solution,” it says. “Without it there is no viable route for Scottish industry to decarbonise.” The letter, which includes politicians from the SNP, Labour, Tories and Lib Dems, says the project could generate £17.7 billion for the UK economy, create 15,000 new jobs and protect 18,000 existing jobs. Signatories include former first ministers Nicola Sturgeon and Humza Yousaf, Scottish Tory leader Russell Findlay, Lib Dem MSP Willie Rennie and Livingston Labour MP Gregor Poynton. The letter states: “If the UK is serious about decarbonisation, economic growth and energy security, we must move faster and more decisively on CCS. “We urge you to take the necessary action to ensure that Acorn is delivered at pace.” The letter also says a decision to fast-track Acorn now could quickly enable SSE’s

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ITM to supply electrolysis technology to Uniper’s Humber H2ub (Green) project

ITM Power has been selected to provide electrolysis technology to Uniper’s Humber H2ub (Green) project in Killingholme, in North Lincolnshire. ITM has been tasked with supplying six 20MW Poseidon core electrolysis process modules for the project. This comes after the UK government announced in April that Humber H2ub was one of the 27 green hydrogen projects shortlisted under the Hydrogen Allocation Round 2 (HAR2). These projects have been invited to proceed to the next stage of the HAR2 process – a due diligence phase for which Uniper is to submit a request for information (RFI) form by May 16. The government is expected to decide which of the shortlisted projects to award contracts to in 2026, with successful projects then required to be commissioned by the end of 2029. Humber H2ub (Green) will have an initial capacity of 120MW, with the potential to expand it by an additional 200MW or more further down the line. Uniper signed a collaboration agreement in March 2024 to work towards supplying green hydrogen from the Humber H2ub project to Phillips 66’s Humber Refinery, which is also located in Killingholme, to replace some refinery fuel gas in fired heaters at that facility. Uniper is targeting a final investment decision (FID) on Humber H2ub (Green) in 2026, after which it would bring the project online by 2029, in line with HAR2 requirements. In its announcement, ITM said that Poseidon offered “unmatched efficiency, rapid response times, and an optimised footprint for large-scale projects”. Elsewhere on its website, the company says Poseidon consists of consists of skid-mounted units enabling scale-up, which are suitable for both indoor and outdoor installation. Humber H2ub ITM’s CEO, Dennis Schulz, welcomed the selection of his company for the project, saying Humber H2ub would “contribute to the decarbonisation of the Humber Refinery and create

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Oil Prices Rise on Eased Trade Tensions

Oil and most other commodities powered higher, while gold fell, after China and the US ratcheted down trade tensions that had threatened to slash demand for raw materials. West Texas Intermediate crude rose 1.5% to settle at $61.95 a barrel in New York, while copper advanced 0.8%. European natural gas, soybeans and iron ore also rallied. Shares of the top mining companies surged. The truce between the world’s two largest economies brought some temporary relief to commodity markets roiled by tariffs that dented the outlook for global economic growth in recent weeks. Oil watchers have slashed demand forecasts, and the trade war already was showing signs of reducing the volume of goods arriving in the US. China will reduce tariffs on US goods to 10% from 125%, while America will cut its own curbs to 30% from 145% in an arrangement lasting for 90 days. At a briefing after the talks, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said neither nation wanted their economies to decouple. Both countries said they would establish a mechanism to continue discussions on economic and trade relations. “The oil market got caught up in the euphoria, but the damage has already been done to demand in the short term,” said John Kilduff, founding partner of Again Capital LLC. Still, reduced trade war tensions have removed $3 to $5 of downside from the market, rendering the new price floor near $60 a barrel, he said. Commodities have been volatile ever since President Donald Trump first announced so-called reciprocal tariffs in early April. Oil prices are still down more than 10% since then as the market contends with rising supplies from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies. While commodity trading advisers are still largely betting against crude, they’re moving off their extreme bearish stance. The

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Equinor Weighs Killing NY Wind Farm After White House Visit

Equinor ASA got no new signals that the Trump administration would reconsider the halt imposed on the Empire Wind project when its CEO met with a top White House official last week. Now the company must decide whether it will kill the project.  “If no progress is made within days, Equinor will be forced to terminate the project,” Molly Morris, president of Equinor Renewables Americas, said Monday. “We are still fighting every day to find a resolution.” That came after there was no indication of a change in stance from US officials when the Norwegian oil and gas company’s Chief Executive Officer Anders Opedal and other top officials met with US National Economic Council Director Kevin Hassett on May 6, spokesperson Magnus Eidsvold said Monday. A termination would cause the company to lose much of its $2.7 billion investment on the project. “It would be a direct impact to Equinor and our balance sheet,” Morris said. The $5 billion project was halted in April when Interior Secretary Doug Burgum said the Biden administration had rushed its approvals. Empire 1 was fully-permitted and slated to start commercial operation in 2027. Its 54 turbines were designed to power 500,000 homes. ‘Honoring Contracts’  Now, the paused project is costing the company $50 million a week, Morris said. While work at sea is completely stopped, operations at the South Brooklyn Marine Terminal in New York continue, and there are costs associated with keeping people and equipment on standby.  The halt on Empire is bigger than Equinor or even offshore wind, Morris said. “It’s about honoring contracts and financial investments made in the US,” she said. “They are setting a dangerous precedent by stopping a project in mid-execution.” Morris said Equinor has operated in the US for almost 40 years and has invested more than $60 billion in the

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America’s moment to secure its critical mineral future

Heather Reams is president of Citizens for Responsible Energy Solutions. China dominates the global critical mineral supply chain threatening the United States’ national security and goal of energy dominance. Last year, China mined 270,000 metric tons of rare earth elements, which comprises over two-thirds of global rare earth production. China also controls nearly 90% of global refining capacity. This is why President Trump’s Executive Order 14241 underscores a key challenge facing America’s economic and national security: the United States’ dependence on foreign critical minerals sourced largely from overseas, particularly from China.  To be specific, lithium, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements — all crucial for batteries powering electric vehicles and renewable energy systems — flow largely through China’s processing facilities, creating a troubling strategic vulnerability. This makes the administration’s call for a robust domestic critical mineral supply chain not mere politics — it’s a strategic national and economic security imperative in the age of increasing geopolitical competition, surging energy demand and artificial intelligence.   However, an important question to ask ourselves is why America outsources almost all mineral needs to adversarial nations such as China. The answer lies in red tape, decades of underinvestment and regulatory delays amidst global market dynamics. These factors lead us to rely heavily on imports, often from geopolitically risky sources. Even when the United States does extract its own minerals, most are sent to China to be refined. That means America’s own vast and abundant mineral resources — cobalt in Missouri, antimony in Idaho, lithium in Nevada, Arkansas and Maine — are left untapped and unused.  There is some good news: the Advanced Manufacturing Production Tax Credit, known as 45X, is a powerful policy lever created to strengthen our domestic critical minerals industry. 45X accelerates American refining and processing of critical minerals. Crucially, these tax credits are

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Trump rolls back Biden-era efficiency rules

President Trump on Friday signed four Congressional Review Act resolutions that will roll back energy efficiency standards and rules passed in the waning days of the Biden administration. The CRA allows Congress to rescind rules passed by federal agencies. The act, enacted as part of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act in 1996, applies to interim and final rules. The rules Trump rescinded Friday covered tankless natural gas water heaters, commercial refrigerators and freezers and walk-in coolers. A fourth resolution did away with certification requirements for a range of products subject to energy efficiency standards, but it did not alter the efficiency requirements themselves, according to the Appliance Standards Awareness Project. The water heater standard was expected to reduce total costs for consumers by an average of $112 over the life of the appliance, according to a fact sheet from the group. The rule for commercial refrigerators and freezers was expected to save businesses $4.6 billion and walk in cooler standards would have saved businesses up to $6.5 billion, both over 30 years of those products’ sales, the group said. “President Trump just signed a series of bills that will raise costs for families and businesses,” ASAP Executive Director Andrew deLaski said in an email. Trump has opposed energy efficiency requirements and has taken other steps to reduce regulation and oversight. The Environmental Protection Agency plans to end its popular Energy Star program, which helps consumers identify energy-efficient home appliances.  “It’s all about common sense,” Trump said at the signing ceremony Friday, arguing that the efficiency rules cost businesses money and leave consumers with less product choice. Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, had proposed the resolution rescinding regulations for natural gas water heaters. “The Biden-Harris administration knew they were increasing costs on American consumers and limiting consumers’ ability to choose the heater that works

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Tech CEOs warn Senate: Outdated US power grid threatens AI ambitions

The implications are clear: without dramatic improvements to the US energy infrastructure, the nation’s AI ambitions could be significantly constrained by simple physical limitations – the inability to power the massive computing clusters necessary for advanced AI development and deployment. Streamlining permitting processes The tech executives have offered specific recommendations to address these challenges, with several focusing on the need to dramatically accelerate permitting processes for both energy generation and the transmission infrastructure needed to deliver that power to AI facilities, the report added. Intrator specifically called for efforts “to streamline the permitting process to enable the addition of new sources of generation and the transmission infrastructure to deliver it,” noting that current regulatory frameworks were not designed with the urgent timelines of the AI race in mind. This acceleration would help technology companies build and power the massive data centers needed for AI training and inference, which require enormous amounts of electricity delivered reliably and consistently. Beyond the cloud: bringing AI to everyday devices While much of the testimony focused on large-scale infrastructure needs, AMD CEO Lisa Su emphasized that true AI leadership requires “rapidly building data centers at scale and powering them with reliable, affordable, and clean energy sources.” Su also highlighted the importance of democratizing access to AI technologies: “Moving faster also means moving AI beyond the cloud. To ensure every American benefits, AI must be built into the devices we use every day and made as accessible and dependable as electricity.”

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Networking errors pose threat to data center reliability

Still, IT and networking issues increased in 2024, according to Uptime Institute. The analysis attributed the rise in outages due to increased IT and network complexity, specifically, change management and misconfigurations. “Particularly with distributed services, cloud services, we find that cascading failures often occur when networking equipment is replicated across an entire network,” Lawrence explained. “Sometimes the failure of one forces traffic to move in one direction, overloading capacity at another data center.” The most common causes of major network-related outages were cited as: Configuration/change management failure: 50% Third-party network provider failure: 34% Hardware failure: 31% Firmware/software error: 26% Line breakages: 17% Malicious cyberattack: 17% Network overload/congestion failure: 13% Corrupted firewall/routing tables issues: 8% Weather-related incident: 7% Configuration/change management issues also attributed for 62% of the most common causes of major IT system-/software-related outages. Change-related disruptions consistently are responsible for software-related outages. Human error continues to be one of the “most persistent challenges in data center operations,” according to Uptime’s analysis. The report found that the biggest cause of these failures is data center staff failing to follow established procedures, which has increased by about 10 percentage points compared to 2023. “These are things that were 100% under our control. I mean, we can’t control when the UPS module fails because it was either poorly manufactured, it had a flaw, or something else. This is 100% under our control,” Brown said. The most common causes of major human error-related outages were reported as:

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Liquid cooling technologies: reducing data center environmental impact

“Highly optimized cold-plate or one-phase immersion cooling technologies can perform on par with two-phase immersion, making all three liquid-cooling technologies desirable options,” the researchers wrote. Factors to consider There are numerous factors to consider when adopting liquid cooling technologies, according to Microsoft’s researchers. First, they advise performing a full environmental, health, and safety analysis, and end-to-end life cycle impact analysis. “Analyzing the full data center ecosystem to include systems interactions across software, chip, server, rack, tank, and cooling fluids allows decision makers to understand where savings in environmental impacts can be made,” they wrote. It is also important to engage with fluid vendors and regulators early, to understand chemical composition, disposal methods, and compliance risks. And associated socioeconomic, community, and business impacts are equally critical to assess. More specific environmental considerations include ozone depletion and global warming potential; the researchers emphasized that operators should only use fluids with low to zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) values, and not hydrofluorocarbons or carbon dioxide. It is also critical to analyze a fluid’s viscosity (thickness or stickiness), flammability, and overall volatility. And operators should only use fluids with minimal bioaccumulation (the buildup of chemicals in lifeforms, typically in fish) and terrestrial and aquatic toxicity. Finally, once up and running, data center operators should monitor server lifespan and failure rates, tracking performance uptime and adjusting IT refresh rates accordingly.

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Cisco unveils prototype quantum networking chip

Clock synchronization allows for coordinated time-dependent communications between end points that might be cloud databases or in large global databases that could be sitting across the country or across the world, he said. “We saw recently when we were visiting Lawrence Berkeley Labs where they have all of these data sources such as radio telescopes, optical telescopes, satellites, the James Webb platform. All of these end points are taking snapshots of a piece of space, and they need to synchronize those snapshots to the picosecond level, because you want to detect things like meteorites, something that is moving faster than the rotational speed of planet Earth. So the only way you can detect that quickly is if you synchronize these snapshots at the picosecond level,” Pandey said. For security use cases, the chip can ensure that if an eavesdropper tries to intercept the quantum signals carrying the key, they will likely disturb the state of the qubits, and this disturbance can be detected by the legitimate communicating parties and the link will be dropped, protecting the sender’s data. This feature is typically implemented in a Quantum Key Distribution system. Location information can serve as a critical credential for systems to authenticate control access, Pandey said. The prototype quantum entanglement chip is just part of the research Cisco is doing to accelerate practical quantum computing and the development of future quantum data centers.  The quantum data center that Cisco envisions would have the capability to execute numerous quantum circuits, feature dynamic network interconnection, and utilize various entanglement generation protocols. The idea is to build a network connecting a large number of smaller processors in a controlled environment, the data center warehouse, and provide them as a service to a larger user base, according to Cisco.  The challenges for quantum data center network fabric

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Zyxel launches 100GbE switch for enterprise networks

Port specifications include: 48 SFP28 ports supporting dual-rate 10GbE/25GbE connectivity 8 QSFP28 ports supporting 100GbE connections Console port for direct management access Layer 3 routing capabilities include static routing with support for access control lists (ACLs) and VLAN segmentation. The switch implements IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging, port isolation, and port mirroring for traffic analysis. For link aggregation, the switch supports IEEE 802.3ad for increased throughput and redundancy between switches or servers. Target applications and use cases The CX4800-56F targets multiple deployment scenarios where high-capacity backbone connectivity and flexible port configurations are required. “This will be for service providers initially or large deployments where they need a high capacity backbone to deliver a primarily 10G access layer to the end point,” explains Nguyen. “Now with Wi-Fi 7, more 10G/25G capable POE switches are being powered up and need interconnectivity without the bottleneck. We see this for data centers, campus, MDU (Multi-Dwelling Unit) buildings or community deployments.” Management is handled through Zyxel’s NebulaFlex Pro technology, which supports both standalone configuration and cloud management via the Nebula Control Center (NCC). The switch includes a one-year professional pack license providing IGMP technology and network analytics features. The SFP28 ports maintain backward compatibility between 10G and 25G standards, enabling phased migration paths for organizations transitioning between these speeds.

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Engineers rush to master new skills for AI-driven data centers

According to the Uptime Institute survey, 57% of data centers are increasing salary spending. Data center job roles that saw the highest increases were in operations management – 49% of data center operators said they saw highest increases in this category – followed by junior and mid-level operations staff at 45%, and senior management and strategy at 35%. Other job categories that saw salary growth were electrical, at 32% and mechanical, at 23%. Organizations are also paying premiums on top of salaries for particular skills and certifications. Foote Partners tracks pay premiums for more than 1,300 certified and non-certified skills for IT jobs in general. The company doesn’t segment the data based on whether the jobs themselves are data center jobs, but it does track 60 skills and certifications related to data center management, including skills such as storage area networking, LAN, and AIOps, and 24 data center-related certificates from Cisco, Juniper, VMware and other organizations. “Five of the eight data center-related skills recording market value gains in cash pay premiums in the last twelve months are all AI-related skills,” says David Foote, chief analyst at Foote Partners. “In fact, they are all among the highest-paying skills for all 723 non-certified skills we report.” These skills bring in 16% to 22% of base salary, he says. AIOps, for example, saw an 11% increase in market value over the past year, now bringing in a premium of 20% over base salary, according to Foote data. MLOps now brings in a 22% premium. “Again, these AI skills have many uses of which the data center is only one,” Foote adds. The percentage increase in the specific subset of these skills in data centers jobs may vary. The Uptime Institute survey suggests that the higher pay is motivating workers to stay in the

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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