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Outdated billing systems are holding back the energy transition

Across the US, utilities are making significant advancements in the energy transition, one such being electrification: switching end-use devices like heating systems and vehicles away from fossil fuels and onto electric fuel. Because electrification – and the associated demand increase – could increase system costs if demand is left unmanaged, a subsequent trend has emerged: […]

Across the US, utilities are making significant advancements in the energy transition, one such being electrification: switching end-use devices like heating systems and vehicles away from fossil fuels and onto electric fuel. Because electrification – and the associated demand increase – could increase system costs if demand is left unmanaged, a subsequent trend has emerged: demand management at the grid-edge. Utilities are investing in new solutions to serve customer demand (particularly from new grid-edge devices like EVs and heat pumps) more efficiently. An important tool in a utility’s demand management toolbox is pricing innovation – that is, developing new rate designs that more accurately communicate to customers the costs and benefits of their use of the power system. With new time-of-use rate designs, dynamic pricing models, location-based incentives, utilities have a wealth of solutions at their disposal. But to implement these pricing innovations at scale, utilities will need modern billing technologies that can keep up.

Implementing rate design innovation requires more than just smart meters

Over the last decade, US utilities have invested billions of dollars into advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). The transition away from manually-read meters to communications-enabled smart meters has allowed utilities to collect more granular consumption data from end customers. The value of these AMI investments relates to the outcomes utilities are able to achieve with this new, granular meter data. Utilities across the US are seeking to deliver value from their AMI investments by implementing time-varying rates for customers, something they weren’t able to do without granular meter data. However, many utilities are finding that even with modernized metering equipment, the process of implementing new rate designs proves difficult and expensive if their customer IT systems (specifically, billing) have yet to be modernized. Coding a new rate design or product offering into a legacy billing system can take months to years and cost millions of dollars. This implementation bottleneck posed by legacy billing technology comes at the expense of market innovation and system efficiency – and ultimately borne by ratepayers.

What features should modern utility billing technology include?

Ability to utilize new types of data for billing purposes: utilities are collecting new types and formats of data that could be used for price-setting and billing, from increasingly-granular consumption data (collected by smart meters) to individual preference information (collected through customer surveys). Billing technology must be able to efficiently make use of those new data types as they become available.

Configurability for new rate designs and pricing:  as utilities explore new rate design offerings, they are moving from traditional flat volumetric rates to variable pricing structures that more accurately reflect marginal costs and benefits. Often implementing these has taken months or years to complete, costing millions of dollars in the process. Billing systems — and their necessary upgrades — should not serve as a bottleneck to rate design innovation.

Easily integrated with the full customer IT stack: designing new products and programs will only pay off if customers actually make use of those new offerings. To ensure robust uptake and enrollment, utilities will need to actively engage their customers regarding new products and programs, through tailored marketing and outreach, creative enrollment solutions, rate comparisons, etc. To do it well, this engagement will require a utility’s billing system to work with its other backend customer IT systems and seamlessly pass information between them.

Modern billing technology in action: Octopus Energy’s Fan Club and Agile Octopus Tariff

Octopus Energy, a retail energy supplier serving 7.95 million customers, is known for their innovative rate designs. In 2021, Octopus Energy’s British retail business launched a new product for electric customers called Fan Club. Fan Club is designed to increase popular support for onshore wind development by offering customers who live near certain onshore wind projects a discount off their electric supply rate in hours when those projects generate electricity.

Using Kraken’s billing platform, Octopus Energy cross-references a customer’s account-level zip code against the zip code of participating wind turbines (to check for participation eligibility) and then calculates and assigns bill credits to individual participants based on precise time-varying determinants (e.g. energy market prices, wind speed, etc.). Without Kraken, these billing processes may have otherwise been performed by different software programs, which could have been complicated and expensive to execute. With Kraken, Octopus Energy was able to implement Fan Club all from a single billing platform, in a matter of weeks.

Agile Octopus is another innovative smart rate that exposes customers directly to wholesale electricity market prices, using half-hourly market data. Customers enrolled on Agile Octopus are exposed to “plunge pricing,” which occurs in hours when more electricity is generated than consumed, resulting in negative price events. Customers receive alerts when wholesale prices drop below zero and can use an API from Kraken to program their smart devices (e.g. EVs) to charge when prices are negative. By consuming electricity when prices are negative, customers get paid for the electricity they use. This rate design is incredibly complex to bill because it relies on dynamic wholesale prices as key billing determinants. To implement this rate for customers, Octopus Energy required a modern billing system — which they found in Kraken.

Modern billing technology is foundational to the energy transition

To implement advanced rate designs that accelerate the energy transition and make full use of new data that is being collected at the grid edge, utilities will need to modernize their customer billing technology. Information technology vendors like Kraken are enabling this modernization by developing billing systems that allow for agility, scalability and innovation.

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Equinor to invest in additional Troll development to boost European gas supply

Equinor Energy AS and partners will invest more than 4 billion krone ($400 million) in a new subsea development to increase gas production from Troll field in the North Sea. The Troll West Increased gas recovery North (TWIN) expansion—the third step of Troll Phase 3, which produces gas from the Troll West reservoir—could come online as early as 2028, said Gunnar Nakken, Equinor’s senior vice-president for projects and subsea Norway. TWIN is expected to contribute around 11 billion standard cu m of gas. “By simplifying, increasing standardization and reusing existing infrastructure and equipment, we are reducing costs and enabling faster production,” he said. Equinor aims to produce 1.3 million b/d from the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) in 2035 to meet a portion of Europe’s energy needs. Troll field contains about 40% of NCS total gas reserves, with gas from Troll meeting around 10% of Europe’s gas needs. The TWIN project consists of two wells in a template and a pipeline connected to existing subsea infrastructure. The umbilical and MEG line will be extended to the new development. The second step of Troll Phase 3 is expected to come online this year, continuing production from Troll A platform, 80 km northwest of Bergen, Norway, and the Gassco-operated Kollsnes processing plant towards 2030, Equinor said. Equinor is operator of the project with 30.55% interest. Partners are Petoro AS (55.93%), A/S Norske Shell (8.19%), TotalEnergies EP Norge AS (3.69%), and ConocoPhillips Skandinavia AS (1.64%).

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Zululand Energy Terminal invites EPC expressions of interest

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Petrobras greenlights renewables plant for RPBC refinery

REDUC’s fist soybean oil-based SAF sale Announcement of FID on the RPBC renewables plant followed Petrobras’ June 17 confirmation that its 239,000-b/d Duque de Caxias (REDUC) refinery in the Baixada Fluminense area of Rio de Janeiro had completed first production and sale of a first 3,800-cu m batch of SAF made from soybean oil certified under the CORSIA low Land Use Change (ILUC) risk standard, which verifies sustainability criteria and a lower risk of impact on new land areas. Produced via co-processing and featuring 1% renewable content, the SAF batch marked “commercialization of the world’s first SAF made from certified low-ILUC-risk soy [to demonstrate] Petrobras’s commitment to sustainability, the energy transition, and the development of products aligned with market and societal demands [for lower-carbon solutions],” said Angélica Laureano, Petrobras’ director of logistics, sales, and markets. In October 2025, the REDUC refinery secured Brazil’s first international approval to advance commercial-scale production of SAF via the hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) co-processing route complying with ISCC System GmbH’s International Sustainability Carbon Certification (ISCC) standards, validating that SAF produced at the site meets the highest international sustainability and lifecycle carbon emission standards. Developed under ICAO’s CORSIA, the ISCC CORSIA certification was a prerequisite for commercial-scale SAF production following rigorous assessment of the production’s lifecycle carbon emissions and traceability. Equipped to produce as much as 10,000 b/d of SAF using a blend of conventional petroleum and up to 1.2% renewable feedstock, REDUC’s integration of bio-based oils—such as vegetable oil—into existing refining infrastructure via the HEFA co-processing method allows the refinery to produce SAF alongside conventional jet fuel with minimal investment, Petrobras previously said.

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Equinor to expand Troll with TWIN subsea development

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ICYMI: Upstream M&A slows on pricing gaps while deal appetite holds

Despite a slowdown in headline deal values this spring, upstream mergers and acquisitions remain active beneath the surface. In this ICYMI episode of the Oil & Gas Journal ReEnterprised podcast, Mikaila Adams, managing editor, examines data from Enverus and Rystad Energy detailing international and North American upstream deal markets in 2025 and into 2026. The discussion explores how pricing uncertainty widened the gap between buyers and sellers, creating a temporary pause rather than a collapse in market activity. The episode also looks at where capital continues to flow and what those trends reveal about the industry’s direction. From North American consolidation led by the Devon Energy–Coterra Energy merger to continued interest in gas-weighted assets tied to Gulf Coast LNG exports, the analysis highlights the forces shaping today’s upstream M&A landscape. It also considers the likelihood of additional divestitures, private equity activity, and asset sales as companies refine their portfolios, pointing to continued dealmaking momentum even in a more volatile market. References Devon, Coterra joining forces to create 1.6 million boe/d shale titan https://www.ogj.com/general-interest/companies/news/55354563/devon-coterra-joining-forces-to-create-16-million-boe-d-shale-titan Ovintiv to divest Anadarko assets for $3 billion https://www.ogj.com/general-interest/companies/news/55358241/ovintiv-to-divest-anadarko-assets-for-3-billion Insights: Vaca Muerta’s scale, productivity—and why it has more to give https://www.ogj.com/home/podcast/55370296/insights-vaca-muertas-scale-productivityand-why-it-has-more-to-give Mitsubishi to enter US shale gas business through Haynesville asset acquisition https://www.ogj.com/general-interest/companies/news/55344199/mitsubishi-to-enter-us-shale-gas-business-through-haynesville-shale-acquisition Shell to expand Canadian operations with $16.4-billion acquisition of ARC Resources https://www.ogj.com/general-interest/companies/news/55373597/shell-to-expand-canadian-operations-with-164-billion-acquisition-of-arc-resources US upstream M&A hits $38 billion in 1Q26 before volatility temporarily pauses the market https://www.enverus.com/newsroom/u-s-upstream-ma-hits-38-billion-in-1q26-before-volatility-temporarily-pauses-the-market/ International upstream M&A stuck at historic low https://www.enverus.com/newsroom/international-upstream-ma-stuck-at-historic-low/ Upstream deal value falls 83% as oil price uncertainty widens the buyer-seller gap https://www.rystadenergy.com/insights/upstream-deal-value-falls Iran war impact on global oil markets https://www.ogj.com/IranWar

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JPMorgan conference notes: COO says EOG will ‘continue to be explorationist’

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Executive Roundtable: The Rise of Integrated Infrastructure

Steve Altizer, Compu Dynamics: Integration has to be foundational. It has to start at the first planning conversation, not after the equipment is selected or once the building is already designed. In previous generations of data center development, mechanical, electrical, IT, and operations teams could often work in parallel and bring the pieces together later. That worked when the load profile was more predictable and the facility had more room to absorb change. Before the introduction of ChatGPT, there was very little change to absorb. AI removes that tolerance. A change in rack density can affect electrical distribution, structural requirements, thermal strategy, commissioning, service access, and the way the site is operated. These are no longer independent decisions. They are all part of one performance system. As AI systems move toward POD-scale platforms, the boundary between IT and facility infrastructure becomes much harder to separate. The challenge is that AI workloads are too varied for a one-size-fits-all approach. Training clusters, inference nodes, enterprise AI environments, and edge sites can all have different requirements for density, cooling architecture, network connectivity, security, site conditions, and serviceability. That is why many companies are adopting a modular approach, while others are embracing hybrid models where turnkey modular AI capacity is integrated into larger campus environments.  At the campus level, that means standardizing the backbone infrastructure that serves the site (utility power feeds, central cooling capacity, and network pathways), while allowing the IT environment and the integrated critical infrastructure components to evolve as workload requirements change. The goal is not modularity for its own sake. The goal is to support the next generation of AI deployments without forcing every hardware change to become a major redesign. AI infrastructure cannot be planned as a collection of disparate systems. It has to be designed as one coordinated

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Data Center Insights 2026 Brings Industry Leaders Together for a Two-Day Look at the AI Infrastructure Era

The data center industry has never been more visible, more vital, or more challenged. Support for AI and its overall industry impact has pushed digital infrastructure into the public conversation. It has become clear that the sector is confronting unprecedented demands for everything from power to basic infrastructure. That convergence is the focus of Data Center Insights 2026, a two-day virtual event taking place July 15–16, 2026, produced by Endeavor B2B’s Data Center Frontier, Cabling Installation & Maintenance, ISE, Lightwave, and SecurityInfoWatch. Designed for data center owners, operators, engineers, IT leaders, and the people supporting the next generation of data center development, the event offers a concentrated look at the technologies and strategies shaping the future of digital infrastructure. The program arrives at a crucial moment. AI workloads are changing almost every assumption behind data center design. Rack densities are rising, liquid cooling is becoming mainstream, and fiber networks are being rethought for 400G and beyond. Power constraints are now central to site selection. Security is becoming highlighted and operators are being asked to build faster, scale larger, be more resource efficient and maintain resilience in an environment where downtime carries higher consequences than ever. Data Center Insights 2026 is structured to help attendees make sense of this moment. Rather than treating data center infrastructure as a set of separate disciplines, the event brings together experts across cooling, cabling, fiber, power distribution, modular design, AI infrastructure, and operational strategy. The result is a practical, cross-functional program built around the real-world questions now facing the industry. What will I learn at this event? The event opens with “Expert Roundup: The State of the Data Center Industry,” featuring perspectives from Steven Carlini of Schneider Electric.This session sets the stage by examining the forces driving change across the data center landscape in 2026.

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Executive Roundtable: Scaling Beyond the Prototype Phase

Steve Altizer, Compu Dynamics: The defining challenge is keeping pace with the rate of change in the IT environment. It takes time to design, permit, build, and commission a data center. AI hardware operates on a completely different timeline. New GPU families are being introduced every 12 to 18 months, and from one generation to the next, rack power densities can double or even triple. At prototype scale, you can design around a single cluster or a specific density profile. At production scale, that approach becomes a real liability. The facility has to support today’s deployment while remaining adaptable for the next compute profile. We are not just talking about adding more power. We are preparing for major architectural shifts, including the move toward DC power delivery or cooling systems that may rely on two-phase liquid to remove heat at scale. That is what becomes materially harder. You are no longer solving for a single, static deployment. You are solving for a moving target inside a live operating environment. This is where strategic modularity proves its value. It helps decouple the lifecycle of the building from the lifecycle of the IT hardware. Instead of treating the data center as one monolithic design, modularity creates a more agile framework that can absorb new power and cooling architectures without requiring a full facility retrofit every time the IT roadmap shifts. At Compu Dynamics Modular, we are seeing this play out in real time. The value of a turnkey modular approach is not simply speed. It is the agility owners need to keep pace with ever-evolving rack densities, power delivery requirements, and cooling architectures.

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Q2 Executive Roundtable Recap

Matt Vincent is Editor in Chief of Data Center Frontier, where he leads editorial strategy and coverage focused on the infrastructure powering cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and the digital economy. A veteran B2B technology journalist with more than two decades of experience, Vincent specializes in the intersection of data centers, power, cooling, and emerging AI-era infrastructure. Since assuming the EIC role in 2023, he has helped guide Data Center Frontier’s coverage of the industry’s transition into the gigawatt-scale AI era, with a focus on hyperscale development, behind-the-meter power strategies, liquid cooling architectures, and the evolving energy demands of high-density compute, while working closely with the Digital Infrastructure Group at Endeavor Business Media to expand the brand’s analytical and multimedia footprint. Vincent also hosts The Data Center Frontier Show podcast, where he interviews industry leaders across hyperscale, colocation, utilities, and the data center supply chain to examine the technologies and business models reshaping digital infrastructure. Since its inception he serves as Head of Content for the Data Center Frontier Trends Summit. Before becoming Editor in Chief, he served in multiple senior editorial roles across Endeavor Business Media’s digital infrastructure portfolio, with coverage spanning data centers and hyperscale infrastructure, structured cabling and networking, telecom and datacom, IP physical security, and wireless and Pro AV markets. He began his career in 2005 within PennWell’s Advanced Technology Division and later held senior editorial positions supporting brands such as Cabling Installation & Maintenance, Lightwave Online, Broadband Technology Report, and Smart Buildings Technology. Vincent is a frequent moderator, interviewer, and keynote speaker at industry events including the HPC Forum, where he delivers forward-looking analysis on how AI and high-performance computing are reshaping digital infrastructure. He graduated with honors from Indiana University Bloomington with a B.A. in English Literature and Creative Writing and lives in southern New Hampshire with

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Emergence Water and Nimbus: Water Joins Power as AI Infrastructure’s Next Critical Constraint

For much of the past decade, the conversation surrounding AI infrastructure has been dominated by one resource above all others: power. Utilities have become strategic partners. Natural gas generation, small modular reactors, microgrids and behind-the-meter power have become central themes across virtually every major data center conference. Developers increasingly speak about securing megawatts years before they discuss servers. But another infrastructure constraint is quietly following the same trajectory: Water. According to executives from Emergence Water and Nimbus Advanced Process Cooling Systems, water is rapidly evolving beyond its traditional role as a sustainability metric and becoming one of the primary determinants of where AI campuses can be built, how they are cooled, and how efficiently they will operate over the coming decade. Speaking with Data Center Frontier Editor in Chief Matt Vincent on the latest DCF Show podcast, Emergence Water Chief Product Officer Leif Percifield and Nimbus Technical Director Vamsi Mokkapati described an industry where water has effectively joined power and fiber as foundational infrastructure for AI development. “From a community perspective, water is absolutely the number one priority about where and why a data center gets built,” Percifield said. “From the developer, it’s pretty binary. They either have water available to them—or they don’t.” Water Is Becoming a Site Selection Constraint The shift reflects the changing realities of AI infrastructure. Traditional enterprise data centers often viewed water primarily through sustainability reporting or Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) discussions. AI facilities operating at unprecedented rack densities have fundamentally altered that equation. Liquid cooling, hybrid cooling architectures and increasingly sophisticated thermal management strategies all place new emphasis on reliable long-term water availability. Equally important, communities are beginning to scrutinize water usage with the same intensity previously reserved for electrical demand. Percifield says those conversations are increasingly determining whether projects move forward at all.

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U.S. Open powers up AI-ready network in challenging environment

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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