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The Download: escalating pandemic risks, and ask us anything on Reddit

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. How the US is preparing for a potential bird flu pandemic This week marks a strange anniversary—it’s five years since most of us first heard about a virus causing a mysterious “pneumonia.” A virus that we later learned could cause a disease called covid-19. A virus that swept the globe and has since been reported to have been responsible for over 7 million deaths—and counting.We are facing the same uncertainty now with bird flu. We know it can cause severe disease in animals, and we know it can pass from animals to people who are in close contact with them. As of this week, we also know that it can cause severe disease in people—a 65-year-old man in Louisiana became the first person in the US to die from an H5N1 infection.Scientists are increasingly concerned about a potential bird flu pandemic. The question is, given all the enduring uncertainty around the virus, what should we be doing now to prepare? Read the full story. —Jessica Hamzelou This story is from The Checkup, our weekly health and biotech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Thursday. Ask our journalists anything! Do you have questions about emerging technologies? Well, we’ve got answers. MIT Technology Review’s science and tech journalists are hosting an AMA on Reddit today at 12 pm ET. Submit your questions now! The must-reads I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 1 Meta’s new speech policies allow the denigration of trans peopleThe revamped guidelines now permit previously-forbidden insults and allegations. (Platformer $)+ The changes have left Meta’s employees feeling embarrassed and ashamed. (404 Media)+ Axed fact-checkers held an emergency meeting after Meta said it no longer required their services. (Insider $) 2 The US Supreme Court will hear TikTok’s final pleaJustices are likely to make their decision before the end of next week. (The Guardian)+ If the ban is enacted, you can probably still access TikTok via a VPN. (NYT $)+ ByteDance’s founder could be TikTok’s secret weapon. (The Information $)3 Those pictures of the Hollywood sign burning are AI-generated AI slop is making the Los Angeles fires appear even worse than they are. (404 Media)+ Elon Musk and Donald Trump aren’t helping matters by spreading disinformation. (The Verge)+ AI cameras are keeping tabs on the spreading destruction in California’s hills. (Insider $)+ The scale of the destruction is truly horrifying. (NY Mag $) 4 Last year was officially the hottest ever recordedThe average global temperature exceeded 1.5°C above the pre-industrial baseline for the first time. (New Scientist $)+ Consequently, we’re edging closer to breaching the Paris Agreement. (Politico) 5 How to prevent another zoonotic pandemicIt all hinges on early detection. (FT $) 6 Foxconn has stopped sending Chinese workers to Indian iPhone factoriesIt’s bad news for Apple, as it’s likely to disrupt production. (Rest of World) 7 This new cell could change plastic surgery as we know itLipochondrocytes have the rigidity of cartilage and the squishiness of fat. (Wired $)+ Cosmetic surgery is booming in middle-income countries. (Economist $) 8 Yandex’s co-founder is shaking off PutinArkady Volozh has condemned Russia’s actions in the war with Ukraine, and started a new company. (Bloomberg $)+ How Russia killed its tech industry. (MIT Technology Review) 9 Grok is a standalone app nowIt’s searching for an audience beyond the X faithful. (WSJ $)+ The company appears to be testing a separate website, too. (TechCrunch) 10 PlayStation is experimenting with adding smells to its games 👃Smells fishy to me. (Fast Company $) Quote of the day “Social media is like building real estate on sand. You never know.”  —Joanne Molinaro, a former lawyer-turned TikTok chef, worries about the precarity of building a career tied to a specific internet platform, she tells CNN. The big story AI hype is built on high test scores. Those tests are flawed. August 2023 In the past few years, multiple researchers claim to have shown that large language models can pass cognitive tests designed for humans, from working through problems step by step, to guessing what other people are thinking. These kinds of results are feeding a hype machine predicting that these machines will soon come for white-collar jobs. But there’s a problem: There’s little agreement on what those results really mean. Read the full story. —William Douglas Heaven We can still have nice things A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.)+ The Sun turned blue 200 years ago and no one knew why—until now.+ There’s nothing better than a surreal TV crossover (Arrested Development + Law & Order: SVU, anyone?)+ Rye the truffle-hunting golden retriever is a very good boy indeed (thanks Vincent!) 🍄🐕+ I want to go to every single one of these incredible destinations and eat all their food.

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

How the US is preparing for a potential bird flu pandemic

This week marks a strange anniversary—it’s five years since most of us first heard about a virus causing a mysterious “pneumonia.” A virus that we later learned could cause a disease called covid-19. A virus that swept the globe and has since been reported to have been responsible for over 7 million deaths—and counting.

We are facing the same uncertainty now with bird flu. We know it can cause severe disease in animals, and we know it can pass from animals to people who are in close contact with them. As of this week, we also know that it can cause severe disease in people—a 65-year-old man in Louisiana became the first person in the US to die from an H5N1 infection.

Scientists are increasingly concerned about a potential bird flu pandemic. The question is, given all the enduring uncertainty around the virus, what should we be doing now to prepare? Read the full story.

—Jessica Hamzelou

This story is from The Checkup, our weekly health and biotech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Thursday.

Ask our journalists anything!

Do you have questions about emerging technologies? Well, we’ve got answers. MIT Technology Review’s science and tech journalists are hosting an AMA on Reddit today at 12 pm ET. Submit your questions now!

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Meta’s new speech policies allow the denigration of trans people
The revamped guidelines now permit previously-forbidden insults and allegations. (Platformer $)
+ The changes have left Meta’s employees feeling embarrassed and ashamed. (404 Media)
+ Axed fact-checkers held an emergency meeting after Meta said it no longer required their services. (Insider $)

2 The US Supreme Court will hear TikTok’s final plea
Justices are likely to make their decision before the end of next week. (The Guardian)
+ If the ban is enacted, you can probably still access TikTok via a VPN. (NYT $)
+ ByteDance’s founder could be TikTok’s secret weapon. (The Information $)

3 Those pictures of the Hollywood sign burning are AI-generated 
AI slop is making the Los Angeles fires appear even worse than they are. (404 Media)
+ Elon Musk and Donald Trump aren’t helping matters by spreading disinformation. (The Verge)
+ AI cameras are keeping tabs on the spreading destruction in California’s hills. (Insider $)
+ The scale of the destruction is truly horrifying. (NY Mag $)

4 Last year was officially the hottest ever recorded
The average global temperature exceeded 1.5°C above the pre-industrial baseline for the first time. (New Scientist $)
+ Consequently, we’re edging closer to breaching the Paris Agreement. (Politico)

5 How to prevent another zoonotic pandemic
It all hinges on early detection. (FT $)

6 Foxconn has stopped sending Chinese workers to Indian iPhone factories
It’s bad news for Apple, as it’s likely to disrupt production. (Rest of World)

7 This new cell could change plastic surgery as we know it
Lipochondrocytes have the rigidity of cartilage and the squishiness of fat. (Wired $)
+ Cosmetic surgery is booming in middle-income countries. (Economist $)

8 Yandex’s co-founder is shaking off Putin
Arkady Volozh has condemned Russia’s actions in the war with Ukraine, and started a new company. (Bloomberg $)
+ How Russia killed its tech industry. (MIT Technology Review)

9 Grok is a standalone app now
It’s searching for an audience beyond the X faithful. (WSJ $)
+ The company appears to be testing a separate website, too. (TechCrunch)

10 PlayStation is experimenting with adding smells to its games 👃
Smells fishy to me. (Fast Company $)

Quote of the day

“Social media is like building real estate on sand. You never know.” 

—Joanne Molinaro, a former lawyer-turned TikTok chef, worries about the precarity of building a career tied to a specific internet platform, she tells CNN.

The big story

AI hype is built on high test scores. Those tests are flawed.

August 2023

In the past few years, multiple researchers claim to have shown that large language models can pass cognitive tests designed for humans, from working through problems step by step, to guessing what other people are thinking.

These kinds of results are feeding a hype machine predicting that these machines will soon come for white-collar jobs. But there’s a problem: There’s little agreement on what those results really mean. Read the full story.

—William Douglas Heaven

We can still have nice things

A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.)

+ The Sun turned blue 200 years ago and no one knew why—until now.
+ There’s nothing better than a surreal TV crossover (Arrested Development + Law & Order: SVU, anyone?)
+ Rye the truffle-hunting golden retriever is a very good boy indeed (thanks Vincent!) 🍄🐕
+ I want to go to every single one of these incredible destinations and eat all their food.

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Stay ahead with more perspectives on cutting-edge power, infrastructure, energy,  bitcoin and AI solutions. Explore these articles to uncover strategies and insights shaping the future of industries.

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Three options for wireless power in the enterprise

Sensors such as these can be attached to pallets to track its location, says Srivastava. “People in Europe are very conscious about where their food is coming from and, to comply with regulations, companies need to have sensors on the pallets,” he says. “Or they might need to know that

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IBM unveils advanced quantum computer in Spain

IBM executives and officials from the Basque Government and regional councils in front of Europe’s first IBM Quantum System Two, located at the IBM-Euskadi Quantum Computational Center in San Sebastián, Spain. The Basque Government and IBM unveil the first IBM Quantum System Two in Europe at the IBM-Euskadi Quantum Computational

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HSBC Dubs BP 3Q Trading Statement ‘Mixed to Negative’

In a research note sent to Rigzone by the HSBC team late Tuesday, HSBC Senior Global Oil and Gas Analyst Kim Fustier said BP’s third quarter trading statement was “mixed to negative”. “Gas trading was ‘average’ (same as 2Q), while oil trading was ‘weak’ as oil price volatility subsided (implying a big delta vs ‘strong’ in 2Q),” Fustier said in the note. “On the positive side, 3Q oil and gas production is expected to be higher vs 2Q vs ‘slightly lower’ previously, thanks to U.S. onshore (BPX) growth. This is the second consecutive quarter when production will exceed initial guidance, which suggests good operational regularity, though the financial impact may be muted given low U.S. gas prices,” Fustier added. “In Downstream, stronger refining indicator margins ($15.8/b vs $11.9/b in 2Q) and ‘significantly lower’ turnarounds (as expected) are partly offset by environmental costs and the unplanned Whiting outage in August caused by severe weather,” Fustier continued. “Net debt is expected to be stable q-o-q at $26 billion including a working capital release, better than our forecast of a modest increase,” Fustier stated. In the research note, Fustier revealed that HSBC was raising its BP third quarter earnings forecast by four percent to $1.9 billion “as higher production and a positive refining mark-to-market are offset by weaker oil trading”. “Our updated forecast is slightly below consensus. We believe that 2Q marked the start of a recovery at BP. But as the mixed 3Q update shows, it will take several quarters of consistent delivery for BP to establish a track record,” Fustier said in the note. Rigzone has contacted BP for comment on the HSBC research note. At the time of writing, BP has not responded to Rigzone. In a release posted on its website on October 14, BP announced “updated third quarter

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Oracle Taps VoltaGrid for Data Center Power Infrastructure

VoltaGrid LLC said Wednesday it has secured an agreement with Oracle Corp to deliver technology to enable the supply of natural gas-derived electricity to the information technology major’s data centers. The Houston, Texas-based gas power solutions provider will deploy 2.3 gigawatts (GW) of “cutting-edge, ultra-low-emissions infrastructure, supplied by Energy Transfer’s pipeline network, to support the energy demands of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure’s (OCI) next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) data centers”, it said in a press release. “The VoltaGrid power infrastructure will be delivered through the proprietary VoltaGrid platform – a modular, high-transient-response system developed by VoltaGrid with key suppliers, including INNIO Jenbacher and ABB”. “This power plant deployment is being supplied with firm natural gas from Energy Transfer’s expansive pipeline and storage systems”, VoltaGrid added. OCI executive vice president Mahesh Thiagarajan said, “AI workloads are uniquely power-intensive and highly variable, often creating swings in demand. By collaborating with VoltaGrid, we’re engineering innovations that dampen these swings, making AI’s power usage more stable, predictable and grid-friendly”. “VoltaGrid’s platform joins OCI’s broad energy portfolio to bolster our leading-edge AI infrastructure with dependable power that can be effortlessly scaled”, Thiagarajan added. Earlier this year VoltaGrid and Vantage Data Centers signed an agreement to deploy over one GW of power generation capacity across the latter’s North American portfolio using VoltaGrid’s gas microgrid technology. “This collaboration will set a new benchmark for speed, reliability and energy access, meeting the growing demand for data center energy solutions driven by hyperscalers and large cloud providers without putting additional cost or strain on grid systems”, a joint statement said February 11. Vantage Data Centers operates campuses in the United States and Canada that electrify and connect cloud providers and large enterprises, according to the company. “Cloud and AI technologies require the rapid development of additional data center infrastructure”, commented Dana Adams,

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Ukraine Claims Russia Refinery Strike

Ukraine’s General Staff claimed a strike on Rosneft PJSC’s Saratov refinery as NATO allies ramp up pressure on Russia’s energy industry to bring President Vladimir Putin to the negotiating table. Ukrainian military forces attacked the facility in Russia’s Volga region overnight, the General Staff said in a statement on Telegram, without providing details on the extent of any damage. Bloomberg couldn’t independently verify the claim and Rosneft didn’t immediately respond to a request for a comment. In recent weeks, Ukraine has stepped up strikes on Russia’s energy infrastructure, from refineries to crude pipelines and sea terminals. The attacks come as the Kremlin has intensified its own assaults on Ukraine and shown little intention of negotiating an agreement to end the war. A number of countries are exerting pressure on Moscow to stop military actions and resume peace talks. The UK on Wednesday imposed sanctions on Russia’s two largest oil producers — Rosneft and Lukoil PJSC — as well as Chinese energy firms importing Russian crude and liquefied gas. Meanwhile US President Donald Trump said Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi had vowed to halt purchases of Russian oil, even though the government in New Delhi later said consumer interests remain its top priority in shaping energy-import policy. The Saratov refinery is able to process about 140,000 barrels of crude a day. It’s a key supplier of gasoline and diesel to Russia’s European regions, where most of the country’s population lives. The facility has been a target of Ukrainian drones several times this year, most recently on Sept. 20. Since the start of August, Kiyv has carried out at least 30 attacks on Russian refineries, compared with 21 from January to July, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. It will continue such strikes, Defense Minister Denys Shmyhal told reporters in Brussels on Wednesday. WHAT DO YOU THINK? Generated

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SEB Expects OPEC to Cut Production Soon

In a report sent to Rigzone by the Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB (SEB) team on Tuesday, SEB Chief Commodities Analyst Bjarne Schieldrop outlined that SEB expects the OPEC group to cut production soon. “We … expect OPEC to implement cuts to avoid a large increase in inventories in Q1-26,” Schieldrop said in the report. “The group will probably revert to cuts either at its early December meeting when they discuss production for January or in early January when they discuss production for February,” he added. “The oil price will likely head yet lower until the group reverts to cuts,” Schieldrop warned. In the report, Schieldrop highlighted that, in its recently released monthly report, the International Energy Agency (IEA) “estimates that the need for crude oil from OPEC in 2026 will be 25.4 million barrels per day versus production by the group in September of 29.1 million barrels per day”. “The group thus needs to do some serious cutting at the end of 2025 if it wants to keep the market balanced and avoid inventories from skyrocketing – given that IEA is correct that is,” he added. “We do however expect OPEC to implement cuts,” Schieldrop highlighted in the SEB report. “We think OPEC(+) will trim/cut production as needed into 2026 to prevent a huge build-up in global oil stocks and a crash in prices but for now we are still heading lower. Into the $50ies per barrel,” he added. In a separate SEB report sent to Rigzone on October 7, Schieldrop said “the message from OPEC+ over the [October 4-5] weekend was we are still on a weakening path with rising supply from the group”. He added, however, that “there is nothing we have seen from the group so far which indicates that they will close their eyes, let the world drown

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GB Energy Launches Aberdeen Energy Taskforce

In a statement posted on its website recently, Great British Energy (GBE) announced that it has launched the “Aberdeen Energy Taskforce”. The taskforce is defined in the statement as “a new leadership group designed to ensure that the energy transition delivers for the Northeast of Scotland – securing good local jobs, investment, and opportunity as Britain moves to clean power”. In the statement, GBE said the taskforce will act as a bridge between national ambition and local opportunity. “It will advise the company’s board and executive team on how to ensure GBE’s investment reflects the strengths, needs, and aspirations of Aberdeen and the wider region,” the statement noted. “The move supports the Government’s Clean Power Mission to secure home-grown energy and achieve clean power by 2030, while ensuring that communities are not left behind in the transition,” it added. GBE highlighted in the statement that Aberdeen has been the energy capital of Europe for decades but said job losses and market volatility in oil and gas have hit the region hard. “The taskforce will help ensure the wealth of skills and experience developed in oil and gas fuels Britain’s next generation of clean energy industries – from offshore wind and green hydrogen to carbon capture and storage (CCUS),” the statement noted. According to the GBE statement, the taskforce’s core objectives include; “championing Aberdeen’s global role in the clean energy transition across offshore wind, hydrogen, CCUS, and workforce reskilling”; “securing a fair transition, ensuring that GBE investment delivers secure, well-paid, low-carbon jobs and skills for oil and gas workers, young people, and underrepresented groups”; maximizing regional value by helping shape capital and procurement decisions that unlock local supply chains, innovation, and manufacturing”; “embedding community benefit at the heart of GBE delivery, through engagement with local authorities, anchor institutions, and residents”; and

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UK Sanctions Major Russian Oil Producers

The UK slapped sanctions on Russia’s biggest oil producers and two Chinese energy firms that deal with Moscow as London seeks to intensify pressure on the Kremlin over the war in Ukraine. Britain blacklisted state-run oil giant Rosneft PJSC and Lukoil PJSC on Wednesday, the Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation said in a statement. It also targeted Chinese firms that handle Russian energy for the first time: a terminal handling Russian liquefied gas and an oil refiner. Western nations are turning the screws on Russia’s energy sector in a bid to curb the flow of petrodollars to the Kremlin and limit President Vladimir Putin’s ability to finance the war. Taxes from the oil and gas industries account for about a quarter of the federal budget. “As Putin’s aggression intensifies, we are stepping up our response,” UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves said in a separate statement.  The UK sanctioned China’s Beihai liquefied natural gas terminal, which has become the key offloading point for cargoes from Russia’s Arctic LNG 2 project, as well as Chinese oil processor Shandong Yulong. While the UK previously imposed wide-ranging sanctions on tankers transporting Russian oil and gas, the targeting of two big oil producers – as well as Chinese firms – marks an escalation.  Rosneft and Lukoil account for more than half of all oil produced in Russia and undertake business of “strategic significance” to the government, the UK government said. The UK also sanctioned a liquefied natural gas import facility and a company that processes Russian oil. Of the three major sanctioning authorities targeting Russia – the others being the US and EU – the UK’s measures have had the least impact on Russia’s oil tankers, so it’s not clear how effective these measures will be. A greater concern for Moscow might be if Washington and Brussels followed suit. The sanctioning of

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Oracle’s big bet for AI: Zettascale10

“OCI Zettascale10 was designed with the goal of integrating large-scale generative AI use cases, including training and running large language models,” said Info-Tech’s Palanichamy. Oracle also introduced new capabilities in Oracle Acceleron, its OCI networking stack, that it said helps customers run workloads more quickly and cost-effectively. They include dedicated network fabrics, converged NICs, and host-level zero-trust packet routing that Oracle says can double network and storage throughput while cutting latency and cost. Oracle’s zettascale supercomputer is built on the Acceleron RoCE (RDMA over Converged Ethernet) architecture and Nvidia AI infrastructure. This allows it to deliver what Oracle calls “breakthrough” scale, “extremely low” GPU-to-GPU latency, and improved price/performance, cluster use, and overall reliability. The new architecture has a “wide, shallow, resilient” fabric, according to Oracle, and takes advantage of switching capabilities built into modern GPU network interface cards (NICs). This means it can connect to multiple switches at the same time, but each switch stays on its own isolated network plane. Customers can thus deploy larger clusters, faster, while running into fewer stalls and checkpoint restarts, because traffic can be shifted to different network planes and re-routed when the system encounters unstable or contested paths. The architecture also features power-efficient optics and is “hyper-optimized” for density, as its clusters are located in large data center campuses within a two-kilometer radius, Oracle said.

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Q&A: IBM’s Mikel Díez on hybridizing quantum and classical computing

And, one clarification. Back in 2019, when we launched our first quantum computer, with between 5 and 7 qubits, what we could attempt to do with that capacity could be perfectly simulated on an ordinary laptop. After the advances of these years, being able to simulate problems requiring more than 60 or 70 qubits with classical technology is not possible even on the largest classical computer in the world. That’s why what we do on our current computers, with 156 qubits, is run real quantum circuits. They’re not simulated: they run real circuits to help with artificial intelligence problems, optimization of simulation of materials, emergence of models… all that kind of thing. The Basque Government’s BasQ program includes three types of initiatives or projects. The first are related to the evolution of quantum technology itself: how to continue improving error correction, how to identify components of quantum computers, and how to optimize both these and the performance of these devices. From a more scientific perspective, we are working on how to represent the behavior of materials so that we can improve the resistance of polymers, for example. This is useful in aeronautics to improve aircraft suspension. We are also working on time crystals, which, from a scientific perspective, seek to improve precision, sensor control, and metrology. Finally, a third line relates to the application of this technology in industry; for example, we are exploring how to improve the investment portfolio for the banking sector, how to optimize the energy grid , and how to explore logistics problems. What were the major challenges in launching the machine you’re inaugurating today? Why did you choose the Basque Country to implement your second Quantum System Two? Before implementing a facility of this type in a geographic area, we assess whether it makes sense based on

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Preparing for 800 VDC Data Centers: ABB, Eaton Support NVIDIA’s AI Infrastructure Evolution

Vendors and operators are already preparing for AI campuses measured in gigawatts. ABB’s announcement underscores the scale of this transition—not incremental retrofits, but entirely new development models for multi-GW AI infrastructure. How ABB Is Supporting the Move to 800-V DC Data Centers ABB says its joint work with NVIDIA will focus on advanced power solutions to enable 800-V DC architectures supporting 1-MW racks. Expect DC-rated breakers, protection relays, busways, and power shelves engineered for higher DC voltages, along with interfaces for liquid-cooled rack busbars. In parallel with the NVIDIA partnership, ABB has introduced an AI-ready refresh of its MNS® low-voltage switchgear, integrating SACE Emax 3 breakers with enhanced sensing and analytics to reduce footprint while improving selectivity and uptime. These components form the foundational building blocks of the higher-density electrical rooms and prefabricated skids that will define next-generation data centers. ABB’s MegaFlex UPS line already targets hyperscale and colocation environments with megawatt-class modules (UL 415/480-V variants), delivering high double-conversion efficiency and seamless integration with ABB’s Ability™ Data Center Automation platform—unifying BMS, EPMS, and DCIM functions. As racks transition to 800-V DC and liquid-cooled buses, continuous thermal-electrical co-optimization becomes essential. In this new paradigm, telemetry and controls will matter as much as copper and coolant. NVIDIA’s technical brief positions 800-V DC as the remedy for today’s inefficiencies—reducing space, cable mass, and conversion losses that accompany rising rack densities of 200 to 600 kW and beyond. The company’s 800-V rollout is targeted for 2027, with ecosystem partners spanning the entire electrical stack. Early signals from the OCP Global Summit 2025 confirm that vendors are moving rapidly to align their products and architectures with this vision. The Demands of Next-Generation GPUs NVIDIA’s Vera Rubin NVL144 rack design previews what the next phase of AI infrastructure will require: 45 °C liquid cooling, liquid-cooled busbars,

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Nvidia’s DGX Spark desktop supercomputer is on sale now, but hard to find

Industrial demand Nvidia’s DGX chips are in high demand in industry, though, and it’s more likely that Micro Center’s one-Spark limit is to prevent businesses scooping them up by the rack-load to run AI applications in their data centers. The DGX Spark contains an Nvidia GB10 Grace Blackwell chip, 128GB of unified system memory, a ConnectX-7 smart NIC for connecting two Spark’s in parallel, and up to 4TB of storage in a package just 150mm (about 6 inches) square. It consumes 240W of electrical power and delivers 1 petaflop of performance at FP4 precision — that’s one million billion floating point operations with four-bit precision per second. In comparison, Nvidia said, its original DGX-1 supercomputer based on its Pascal chip architecture and launched in 2016 delivered 170 teraflops (170,000 billion operations per second) at FP16 precision, but cost $129,000 and consumed 3,200W. It also weighed 60kg, compared to the Spark’s 1.2kg or 2.65 pounds. Nvidia won’t be the only company selling compact systems based on the DGX Spark design: It said that partner systems will be available from Acer, Asus, Dell Technologies, Gigabyte, HP, Lenovo, and MSI. This article originally appeared on Computerworld.

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Florida’s Data Center Moment: Power, Policy, and Potential

Florida is rapidly positioning itself as one of the next major frontiers for data center development. With extended tax incentives, proactive utilities, and a strategic geographic advantage, the state is aligning power, policy, and economic development in ways that echo the early playbook of Northern Virginia. In the latest episode of The Data Center Frontier Show, Buddy Rizer, Executive Director of Loudoun County Economic Development, and Lila Jaber, Founder of the Florida’s Women in Energy Leadership Forum and former Chair of the Florida Public Service Commission, join DCF to explore the opportunities and lessons shaping Florida’s emergence as a data center powerhouse. Energy and Infrastructure: A Strong Starting Position Unlike regions grappling with grid strain, Florida begins its data center growth story with energy abundance. While Loudoun County, Virginia—home to the world’s largest concentration of data centers—faced a 600 MW power deficit last year and could reach 12 GW of demand by 2030, Florida maintains excess generation capacity and robust renewable energy integration. Utilities like Florida Power & Light (FPL) and Duke Energy are already preparing for hyperscale and AI-driven loads, filing new large-load tariff structures to balance growth with ratepayer protection. Over the past decade, Florida utilities have also invested billions to harden their grids against hurricanes and extreme weather, resulting in some of the most resilient energy infrastructure in the country. Florida’s 10-year generation planning requirement, which ensures a diverse portfolio including nuclear, solar, and battery storage, further positions the state to meet growing digital infrastructure needs through hybrid on-site generation and demand-response capabilities. Economic and Workforce Advantages The state’s renewed sales tax exemptions for data centers through 2037—and the raised 100 MW IT load threshold—signal a strong bid to attract hyperscale operators and large-scale AI campuses. Florida also offers a competitive electricity rate structure comparable to Virginia’s

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Inside Blackstone’s Electrification Push: From Shermco to the Power Backbone of AI Data Centers

According to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), U.S. energy demand is projected to grow 50% by 2050. Electrical manufacturers have invested more than $10 billion since 2021 in new technologies to expand grid and manufacturing capacity, also reducing reliance on materials from China by 32% since 2018. Power access, sustainable infrastructure, and land acquisition have become critical factors shaping where and how data center facilities are built. As we previously reported in Data Center Frontier, investors realized this years ago, viewing these facilities both as technology assets and a unique convergence of real estate, utility infrastructure, and mission-critical systems that can also generate revenue. One of those investors is global asset manager Blackstone, which through its Energy Transition Partners private equity arm, recently acquired Shermco Industries for $1.6 billion. Announced August 21, the deal is part of Blackstone’s strategy to invest in companies that support the growing demand for electrification and a more reliable power grid. The goal is to strengthen data center infrastructure reliability and expand critical electrical services. Founded in 1974, Texas-based Shermco is one of the largest electrical testing organizations accredited by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association (NETA). The company operates in a niche yet important space: providing lifecycle electrical services, including maintenance, testing, commissioning, repair, and design, in support of data centers, utilities, and industrial clients. It has more than 40 service centers in the U.S. and Canada. In addition to helping Blackstone support its electrification and power grid reliability goals, the Shermco purchase is also part of Blackstone’s strategy to increase scale and resources—revenue increases without a substantial increase in resources—thus expanding its footprint and capabilities within the essential energy services sector.  As data centers expand globally, become more energy intensive, and are pressured to incorporate renewables and modernize grids, Blackstone’s leaders plan to leverage Shermco’s

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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