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The Download: Montana’s experimental treatments, and Google DeepMind’s new AI agent

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. The first US hub for experimental medical treatments is coming The news: A bill that allows clinics to sell unproven treatments has been passed in Montana. Under the legislation, doctors can apply for a license to open an experimental treatment clinic and recommend and sell therapies not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to their patients. Why it matters: Once it’s signed by the governor, the law will be the most expansive in the country in allowing access to drugs that have not been fully tested. The bill allows for any drug produced in the state to be sold in it, providing it has been through phase I clinical trials—but these trials do not determine if the drug is effective.The big picture: The bill was drafted and lobbied for by people interested in extending human lifespans. And these longevity enthusiasts are hoping Montana will serve as a test bed for opening up access to experimental drugs. Read the full story. —Jessica Hamzelou Google DeepMind’s new AI agent cracks real-world problems better than humans can Google DeepMind has once again used large language models to discover new solutions to long-standing problems in math and computer science. This time the firm has shown that its approach can not only tackle unsolved theoretical puzzles, but improve a range of important real-world processes as well. The new tool, called AlphaEvolve, uses large language models (LLMs) to produce code for a wide range of different tasks. LLMs are known to be hit and miss at coding. The twist here is that AlphaEvolve scores each of Gemini’s suggestions, throwing out the bad and tweaking the good, in an iterative process, until it has produced the best algorithm it can. In many cases, the results are more efficient or more accurate than the best existing (human-written) solutions.Read the full story. —Will Douglas Heaven Research cuts are threatening crucial climate data —Casey Crownhart Over the last few weeks, there’s been an explosion of news about proposed budget cuts to science in the US. Researchers and civil servants are sounding the alarm that those cuts mean we might lose key data that helps us understand our world and how climate change is affecting it. Long-running US government programs that monitor the snowpack across the West are among those being threatened by cuts across the US federal government, as my colleague James Temple’s new story explores. Also potentially in trouble: carbon dioxide measurements in Hawaii, hurricane forecasting tools, and a database that tracks the economic impact of natural disasters.  It’s all got me thinking: What do we lose when data is in danger? Read the full story. This article is from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter. To receive it in your inbox every Wednesday, sign up here. The must-reads I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 1 Donald Trump doesn’t want Apple building iPhones in IndiaThe US President claims Apple will be upping their US production as a result. (Bloomberg $)+ He also said that India was willing to “literally charge us no tariffs.” (WSJ $) 2 Elon Musk’s Grok chatbot ranted about white genocide In response to completely unrelated queries. (FT $)+ It’s not the first time Grok has shared questionable responses. (Bloomberg $)+ Grok told users it was instructed to accept white genocide as real. (The Guardian) 3 RFK Jr doesn’t think we should take his medical adviceWhich begs the question: why is he US Health and Human Services secretary? (NY Mag $)+ Kennedy said his opinions on vaccines are irrelevant. (NYT $)+ He defended his decision to downsize the health department amid protests. (The Guardian) 4 GM’s new EV battery can power a truck for more than 400 miles Its lithium manganese-rich cells use cheaper minerals than lithium-ion ones. (Fast Company $)+ Tariffs are bad news for batteries. (MIT Technology Review) 5 Anthropic has been accused of using AI-generated evidence in a legal caseA lawyer for Universal Music Group claimed an expert cited a source that didn’t exist. (Reuters)+ A judge in another case reportedly caught fake AI citations, too. (Ars Technica)+ AI companies are finally being forced to cough up for training data. (MIT Technology Review) 6 AI won’t put human radiologists out of a job any time soonThe technology is helpful, but is unable to do everything trained human experts can. (NYT $)+ Why it’s so hard to use AI to diagnose cancer. (MIT Technology Review) 7 The US Defense Department wants faster aircraft and missilesAnd startups are more than willing to answer the call. (WP $)+ Phase two of military AI has arrived. (MIT Technology Review)8 SpaceX has successfully tested its Starship rocket 🚀Clearing a major hurdle ahead of its planned launch later this month. (Wired $) 9 YouTube will start inserting ads into videos’ crucial momentsWow, that doesn’t sound annoying at all. (TechCrunch) 10 Apple’s Vision Pro headset is a pain in the neckAnd early adopters are regretting shelling out $3,500 apiece. (WSJ $)+ Maybe the ability to scroll using their eyes will change their minds. (Bloomberg $) Quote of the day “To say a professor is ‘some kind of monster’ for using AI to generate slides “is, to me, ridiculous.” —Paul Shovlin, a professor at Ohio University, reacts to student backlash against professors using AI to create teaching materials, the New York Times reports. One more thing Who gets to decide who receives experimental medical treatments?There has been a trend toward lowering the bar for new medicines, and it is becoming easier for people to access treatments that might not help them—and could even harm them. Anecdotes appear to be overpowering evidence in decisions on drug approval. As a result, we’re ending up with some drugs that don’t work.We urgently need to question how these decisions are made. Who should have access to experimental therapies? And who should get to decide? Such questions are especially pressing considering how quickly biotechnology is advancing. We’re not just improving on existing classes of treatments—we’re creating entirely new ones. Read the full story. —Jessica Hamzelou We can still have nice things A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.) + Food nostalgia is the best nostalgia, and this Bluesky account of discontinued foods doesn’t disappoint.+ Don’t even think of calling your newborn baby King if you live in New Zealand.+ Actor Jeremy Strong just loves a bucket hat.+ Watch out Swiss drivers—a duck has been caught speeding 🦆

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

The first US hub for experimental medical treatments is coming

The news: A bill that allows clinics to sell unproven treatments has been passed in Montana. Under the legislation, doctors can apply for a license to open an experimental treatment clinic and recommend and sell therapies not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to their patients.

Why it matters: Once it’s signed by the governor, the law will be the most expansive in the country in allowing access to drugs that have not been fully tested. The bill allows for any drug produced in the state to be sold in it, providing it has been through phase I clinical trials—but these trials do not determine if the drug is effective.

The big picture: The bill was drafted and lobbied for by people interested in extending human lifespans. And these longevity enthusiasts are hoping Montana will serve as a test bed for opening up access to experimental drugs. Read the full story.

—Jessica Hamzelou

Google DeepMind’s new AI agent cracks real-world problems better than humans can

Google DeepMind has once again used large language models to discover new solutions to long-standing problems in math and computer science. This time the firm has shown that its approach can not only tackle unsolved theoretical puzzles, but improve a range of important real-world processes as well.

The new tool, called AlphaEvolve, uses large language models (LLMs) to produce code for a wide range of different tasks. LLMs are known to be hit and miss at coding. The twist here is that AlphaEvolve scores each of Gemini’s suggestions, throwing out the bad and tweaking the good, in an iterative process, until it has produced the best algorithm it can. In many cases, the results are more efficient or more accurate than the best existing (human-written) solutions.Read the full story.

—Will Douglas Heaven

Research cuts are threatening crucial climate data

—Casey Crownhart

Over the last few weeks, there’s been an explosion of news about proposed budget cuts to science in the US. Researchers and civil servants are sounding the alarm that those cuts mean we might lose key data that helps us understand our world and how climate change is affecting it.

Long-running US government programs that monitor the snowpack across the West are among those being threatened by cuts across the US federal government, as my colleague James Temple’s new story explores. Also potentially in trouble: carbon dioxide measurements in Hawaii, hurricane forecasting tools, and a database that tracks the economic impact of natural disasters. 

It’s all got me thinking: What do we lose when data is in danger? Read the full story.

This article is from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter. To receive it in your inbox every Wednesday, sign up here.

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Donald Trump doesn’t want Apple building iPhones in India
The US President claims Apple will be upping their US production as a result. (Bloomberg $)
+ He also said that India was willing to “literally charge us no tariffs.” (WSJ $)

2 Elon Musk’s Grok chatbot ranted about white genocide 
In response to completely unrelated queries. (FT $)
+ It’s not the first time Grok has shared questionable responses. (Bloomberg $)
+ Grok told users it was instructed to accept white genocide as real. (The Guardian)

3 RFK Jr doesn’t think we should take his medical advice
Which begs the question: why is he US Health and Human Services secretary? (NY Mag $)
+ Kennedy said his opinions on vaccines are irrelevant. (NYT $)
+ He defended his decision to downsize the health department amid protests. (The Guardian)

4 GM’s new EV battery can power a truck for more than 400 miles 
Its lithium manganese-rich cells use cheaper minerals than lithium-ion ones. (Fast Company $)
+ Tariffs are bad news for batteries. (MIT Technology Review)

5 Anthropic has been accused of using AI-generated evidence in a legal case
A lawyer for Universal Music Group claimed an expert cited a source that didn’t exist. (Reuters)
+ A judge in another case reportedly caught fake AI citations, too. (Ars Technica)
+ AI companies are finally being forced to cough up for training data. (MIT Technology Review)

6 AI won’t put human radiologists out of a job any time soon
The technology is helpful, but is unable to do everything trained human experts can. (NYT $)
+ Why it’s so hard to use AI to diagnose cancer. (MIT Technology Review)

7 The US Defense Department wants faster aircraft and missiles
And startups are more than willing to answer the call. (WP $)
+ Phase two of military AI has arrived. (MIT Technology Review)

8 SpaceX has successfully tested its Starship rocket 🚀
Clearing a major hurdle ahead of its planned launch later this month. (Wired $)

9 YouTube will start inserting ads into videos’ crucial moments
Wow, that doesn’t sound annoying at all. (TechCrunch)

10 Apple’s Vision Pro headset is a pain in the neck
And early adopters are regretting shelling out $3,500 apiece. (WSJ $)
+ Maybe the ability to scroll using their eyes will change their minds. (Bloomberg $)

Quote of the day

“To say a professor is ‘some kind of monster’ for using AI to generate slides “is, to me, ridiculous.”

—Paul Shovlin, a professor at Ohio University, reacts to student backlash against professors using AI to create teaching materials, the New York Times reports.

One more thing

Who gets to decide who receives experimental medical treatments?

There has been a trend toward lowering the bar for new medicines, and it is becoming easier for people to access treatments that might not help them—and could even harm them. Anecdotes appear to be overpowering evidence in decisions on drug approval. As a result, we’re ending up with some drugs that don’t work.

We urgently need to question how these decisions are made. Who should have access to experimental therapies? And who should get to decide? Such questions are especially pressing considering how quickly biotechnology is advancing. We’re not just improving on existing classes of treatments—we’re creating entirely new ones. Read the full story.

—Jessica Hamzelou

We can still have nice things

A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.)

+ Food nostalgia is the best nostalgia, and this Bluesky account of discontinued foods doesn’t disappoint.
+ Don’t even think of calling your newborn baby King if you live in New Zealand.
+ Actor Jeremy Strong just loves a bucket hat.
+ Watch out Swiss drivers—a duck has been caught speeding 🦆

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Stay ahead with more perspectives on cutting-edge power, infrastructure, energy,  bitcoin and AI solutions. Explore these articles to uncover strategies and insights shaping the future of industries.

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6 trends that will shape the future of the cloud: Gartner

For this reason, Gartner recommends identifying specific use cases and planning the applications and data distributed across the organization that could benefit from a cross-cloud deployment model. This allows workloads to operate collaboratively across different cloud platforms, as well as different on-premises and co-location facilities. 4. Industry solutions According to

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New England Patriots kick off network upgrade

The longer-term roadmap with NWN includes a refresh of the stadium’s 1,800 Extreme Networks Wi-Fi 6 access points to either Wi-Fi 6E or 7, a refresh of the network’s 80 Cisco physical and virtual firewalls, followed by a network consolidation project. On top of all that, the Kraft Group is

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CompTIA cert targets operational cybersecurity skills

The SecOT+ certification will provide OT professionals with the skills to manage, mitigate, and remediate security risks in manufacturing and critical infrastructure environments, according to CompTIA. The certification program will provide OT positions, such as floor technicians and industrial engineers, as well as cybersecurity engineers and network architects on the

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NOAA stops tracking cost of extreme weather and climate disasters

Dive Brief: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced Thursday its National Centers for Environmental Information would stop tracking the cost of extreme weather and climate disasters in its Billion Dollar Weather and Climate Disaster database. The product is being retired “in alignment with evolving priorities, statutory mandates, and staffing

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Summer demand is soaring and inverter-based resources are a ‘key risk’: NERC

Dive Brief: All regions of the North American electric grid are expected to have sufficient resources under normal operating and weather conditions this summer, but some may face supply shortfall risks during periods of extreme heat, the North American Electric Reliability Corp. said Wednesday in its annual 2025 Summer Reliability Assessment. Peak demand across NERC’s 23 assessment areas is forecast to increase by 10 GW since summer 2024, “more than double the increase from 2023 to 2024,” NERC said in a news release. Data centers, electrification, and industrial growth are driving demand higher. The addition of solar, wind and battery resources, frequently referred to as inverter-based resources, or IBRs, is also creating risks, the assessment states, as they have been known to trip offline during grid disturbances. NERC plans to issue an alert in the next month regarding modeling deficiencies and technical requirements to integrate more IBRs into bulk power system, officials said. Dive Insight: New solar, wind and batteries resources are helping to meet rapidly increasing load growth. Those additions offset generator retirements, but the rise in variable IBRs also injects “complexity and energy limitations” into the system, NERC said. “While we’re adding a lot more resources — solar, batteries and other emerging technologies — the pace and performance of that build-out doesn’t yet fully align with the reliability needs of a rapidly electrifying economy,” John Moura, NERC’s director of reliability assessments and performance analysis, told reporters during a discussion of the analysis. “That said, there are some encouraging signs this summer. It’s a welcome contrast to what we’ve seen during winter seasons,” Moura added. He noted that solar and batteries tend to underperform during colder months, and fuel supply limitations, especially for natural gas, create “far more serious risks.” The Midcontinent Independent System Operator region has less supply capacity than it did last

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‘Rogue’ communication devices found on Chinese-made solar power inverters

U.S. officials have discovered undisclosed communication devices on the power inverters of some Chinese-manufactured solar panels, Reuters reported today based on anonymous sources within the federal government.  The inverters are part of the hardware package connecting solar arrays to the power grid. The package includes communication devices so technicians can monitor performance and have remote access for maintenance. These devices are disclosed in what’s called a software bill of materials – a listing of the components that comprise the package. The communication devices uncovered by the government are considered rogue because they’re undisclosed.  These devices “provide additional, undocumented communication channels that could allow firewalls to be circumvented remotely, with potentially catastrophic consequences,” Reuters reported the sources as saying.  Inverters are also included in other types of energy hardware, including batteries and heat pumps, and officials have found undisclosed devices in some of those as well.  “Over the past nine months, undocumented communication devices, including cellular radios, have … been found in some batteries from multiple Chinese suppliers,” the report said. Security risk Chinese companies are the biggest manufacturers of power inverters, used by manufacturers of solar panels, wind turbines and other types of renewable power components around the world.  The devices raise security concerns because Chinese companies are required by law to cooperate with their government’s intelligence agencies, giving those agencies control over Chinese-made inverters that connect to foreign grids, security experts told Reuters.  That could enable the Chinese government to skirt firewalls and switch off the inverters remotely, or change their settings, destabilizing power grids, damaging energy infrastructure and triggering blackouts, the Reuters report said.  “That effectively means there is a built-in way to physically destroy the grid,” one of the unnamed sources told Reuters.  One such incident occurred in November, when solar power inverters in the U.S. and

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Solar companies compete to advance tandem cell technology

Several solar companies – including Hanwha Qcells, Trinasolar and LONGi – have recently announced breakthroughs in tandem solar cell technology, combining traditional silicon photovoltaic technology with perovskite to increase efficiency. Perovskite is inexpensive compared to silicon, but has less stable chemistry, which has historically presented scalability and commercialization challenges. However, Qcells announced May 14 that its tandem solar cells have reached a key stability milestone, achieving “successful stress test validation for its tandem modules according to both [International Electrotechnical Commission] and [Underwriters Laboratories] certification standards.” “These tests also complied with tandem-specific requirements for power measurements, making them a key first in the industry,” Qcells said. “The standard-compliant execution of the stress tests and measurements has been independently confirmed by TÜV Rheinland.” A tandem solar cell uses stacked layers of different materials to capture a wider range of the solar spectrum, allowing modules to bypass the Shockley–Queisser limit, a theoretical limit which prevents cells that only use one material from absorbing any more than 30% of the solar energy that shines on them. “The tested cells and modules are typical devices from our [research and development] pilot line in Germany and have been fabricated by exclusively using processes that are feasible for mass production,” said Fabian Fertig, head of tandem R&D at Qcells Germany, in a company release. “This result is laying the groundwork for future commercialization of this exciting technology.” Qcells was founded in Germany and is headquartered in South Korea but has substantial investments in the U.S., including a panel manufacturing facility in Cartersville, Georgia.  Chinese company Trinasolar announced March 28 that it had developed the “world’s first industrial-standard solar PV module delivering over 800W of maximum power,” in the form of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with an industrial standard size of 210mm and a peak power output of

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UK’s oldest North Sea port boosts turnover despite headwinds

The Port of Aberdeen boosted turnover by 10.5% to £50.7 million in 2024, despite headwinds facing the energy sector. Chief executive Bob Sanguinetti said that, with the right policy and investment support, the UK’s oldest port “can become an international hub for offshore wind”. He said the energy market has shifted due to the impact of the North Sea windfall tax, AKA the Energy Profits Levy (EPL) on oil and gas operators’ profits. Services firm DeepOcean decommissioned the North Sea’s largest subsea isolation valve – a 440 tonne safety device used in oil and gas operations located next to BP’s Miller oil field – offloading it onto a quay at the port’s South Harbour in 2024. However, Sanguinetti warned that consenting delays to offshore wind projects are hampering the energy transition. “While this new operational landscape is exciting, it also remains uncertain, and this uncertainty shapes our outlook for 2025 and beyond,” he said. “While our foundations are strong, the market is changing. Oil and gas activity – which accounts for almost two thirds of our revenue – is being impacted by the EPL and wavering investor confidence, while delays to consenting and grid connections are affecting timelines for offshore wind.” The Port of Aberdeen said in a statement that revenue performance and “careful cost management” drove growth in its full year of operations after opening the £420 million Aberdeen South Harbour in September 2023. The number of vessels arriving at the port rose by 2.6% to 7,128 in 2024. Passenger numbers rose by 2.8% during the period to 207,317, as the port said its diversification strategy across energy, trade and tourism “continued apace” in 2024. Cruise traffic was more than one million gross tonnes of vessel throughput, bringing 24,000 guests to the region. This came as the port increased

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ICYMI: To Combat Race Discrimination, Energy Department Terminates Funding for Harvard University

In case you missed it, the Department of Energy issued a notice to Harvard University this week terminating approximately $89 million in grant funding from DOE’s Office of Science and Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy due to the University’s policy of racial discrimination. This cancellation from DOE resulted in an immediate savings of $7 million to the American taxpayer and was issued in coordination with the Joint Task Force to Combat Anti-Semitism’s letter to Harvard University announcing the termination of $450 million in grants from eight government agencies in addition to $2.2 billion that was previously frozen by the Trump Administration. Excerpts of DOE’s letters to Harvard President Dr. Alan Garber are below: DOE understands that Harvard University (Harvard) continues to engage in race discrimination, including in its admission process, and in other areas of student life, such as access to the Law Review at Harvard Law School. We are also aware of recent events at Harvard involving antisemitic action that suggest the institution has a disturbing lack of concern for the safety and wellbeing of Jewish students. Harvard’s ongoing inaction in the face of repeated and severe harassment and targeting of Jewish students has ground day-to-day campus operations to a halt, deprived Jewish students of learning and research opportunities to which they are entitled, and brought shame upon the University and our nation as a whole. Indeed, as the Harvard Presidential Task Force on Combating Antisemitism and Anti-Israeli Bias concluded, actions at Harvard during the 2023-2024 academic year resulted in widespread abuse of Jewish and Israeli students by an institution “that mainstreamed and normalized what many Jewish and Israeli students experience as antisemitism and anti-Israeli bias.” DOE maintains a firm policy of not supporting entities, individuals or actions that engage in discrimination or which promote and condone, by action or

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Mental Health Awareness Week: Supporting energy workers during turbulent times

During Mental Health Awareness Week, the International Association of Drilling Contractors’ (IADC) boss Darren Sutherland offered advice for employers to support energy workers during a turbulent time for the industry. Speaking at the All-Energy conference in Glasgow, Sutherland addressed recent industry tensions. “We are facing difficult times, especially in the oil and gas sector, and now renewables are starting to see headwinds as well,” the IADC North Sea Chapter vice chair said. His words came soon after the announcement of mass job cuts at Harbour Energy, financial difficulties for Aberdeen’s major service firms, businesses closing their doors, and a trend of North Sea players merging their UK operations. “I think the key thing is communication,” Sutherland continued, adding “people have a higher propensity for the truth than we give them credit for”. “Open communication from leadership about what’s happening and what’s going on is definitely key.” He spoke about the importance of “having that space for people to be able to speak and talk through their challenges” as they grapple with the impacts of the uncertainty facing the energy industry. “Then again, the other thing that we need to be doing is preparing our workforces for these future challenges,” Sutherland explained. He touched on the importance of ensuring workers are prepared for the worst case scenario. He asked attendees at the ‘Challenges and Successes of Addressing Mental Health in the Energy Industry’ panel how many of them had spoken with a financial adviser. “I’m not talking about your company budget, I’m talking about your bank funds,” Sutherland said. One member of the audience, and Sutherland’s fellow speaker, Alex Morton, of the Marine Safety Forum, raised their hands. He explained that during a time of peak inflation, his business brought in a financial adviser. “It’s about giving back some of those

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AMD, Nvidia partner with Saudi startup to build multi-billion dollar AI service centers

Humain will deploy the Nvidia Omniverse platform as a multi-tenant system to drive acceleration of the new era of physical AI and robotics through simulation, optimization and operation of physical environments by new human-AI-led solutions. The AMD deal did not discuss the number of chips involved in the deal, but it is valued at $10 billion. AMD and Humain plan to develop a comprehensive AI infrastructure through a network of AMD-based AI data centers that will extend from Saudi Arabia to the US and support a wide range of AI workloads across corporate, start-up, and government markets. Think of it as AWS but only offering AI as a service. AMD will provide its AI compute portfolio – Epyc, Instinct, and FPGA networking — and the AMD ROCm open software ecosystem, while Humain will manage the delivery of the hyperscale data center, sustainable power systems, and global fiber interconnects. The partners expect to activate a multi-exaflop network by early 2026, supported by next-generation AI silicon, modular data center zones, and a software platform stack focused on developer enablement, open standards, and interoperability. Amazon Web Services also got a piece of the action, announcing a more than $5 billion investment to build an “AI zone” in the Kingdom. The zone is the first of its kind and will bring together multiple capabilities, including dedicated AWS AI infrastructure and servers, UltraCluster networks for faster AI training and inference, AWS services like SageMaker and Bedrock, and AI application services such as Amazon Q. Like the AMD project, the zone will be available in 2026. Humain only emerged this month, so little is known about it. But given that it is backed by Crown Prince Salman and has the full weight of the Kingdom’s Public Investment Fund (PIF), which ranks among the world’s largest and

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Check Point CISO: Network segregation can prevent blackouts, disruptions

Fischbein agrees 100% with his colleague’s analysis and adds that education and training can help prevent such incidents from occurring. “Simulating such a blackout is impossible, it has never been done,” he acknowledges, but he is committed to strengthening personal and team training and risk awareness. Increased defense and cybersecurity budgets In 2025, industry watchers expect there will be an increase in the public budget allocated to defense. In Spain, one-third of the budget will be allocated to increasing cybersecurity. But for Fischbein, training teams is much more important than the budget. “The challenge is to distribute the budget in a way that can be managed,” he notes, and to leverage intuitive and easy-to-use platforms, so that organizations don’t have to invest all the money in training. “When you have information, management, users, devices, mobiles, data centers, clouds, cameras, printers… the security challenge is very complex. You have to look for a security platform that makes things easier, faster, and simpler,” he says. ” Today there are excellent tools that can stop all kinds of attacks.” “Since 2010, there have been cybersecurity systems, also from Check Point, that help prevent this type of incident from happening, but I’m not sure that [Spain’s electricity blackout] was a cyberattack.” Leading the way in email security According to Gartner’s Magic Quadrant, Check Point is the leader in email security platforms. Today email is still responsible for 88% of all malicious file distributions. Attacks that, as Fischbein explains, enter through phishing, spam, SMS, or QR codes. “There are two challenges: to stop the threats and not to disturb, because if the security tool is a nuisance it causes more harm than good. It is very important that the solution does not annoy [users],” he stresses. “As almost all attacks enter via e-mail, it is

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HPE ‘morphs’ private cloud portfolio with improved virtualization, storage and data protection

What do you get when combining Morpheus with Aruba? As part of the extensible platform message that HPE is promoting with Morpheus, it’s also working in some capabilities from the broader HPE portfolio. One integration is with HPE Aruba for networking microsegmentation. Bhardwaj noted that a lot of HPE Morpheus users are looking for microsegmentation in order to make sure that the traffic between two virtual machines on a server is secure. “The traditional approach of doing that is on the hypervisor, but that costs cycles on the hypervisor,” Bhardwaj said. “Frankly, the way that’s being delivered today, customers have to pay extra cost on the server.” With the HPE Aruba plugin that now works with HPE Morpheus, the microsegmentation capability can be enabled at the switch level. Bhardwaj said that by doing the microsegmentation in the switch and not the hypervisor, costs can be lowered and performance can be increased. The integration brings additional capabilities, including the ability to support VPN and network address translation (NAT) in an integrated way between the switch and the hypervisor. VMware isn’t the only hypervisor supported by HPE  The HPE Morpheus VM Essentials Hypervisor is another new element in the HPE cloud portfolio. The hypervisor is now being integrated into HPE’s private cloud offerings for both data center as well as edge deployments.

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AMD targets hosting providers with affordable EPYC 4005 processors

According to Pinkesh Kotecha, chairman and MD of Ishan Technologies, AMD’s 4th Gen EPYC processors stood out because they offer the right combination of high performance, energy efficiency, and security. “Their high core density and ability to optimize performance per watt made them ideal for managing data-intensive operations like real-time analytics and high-frequency transactions. Additionally, AMD’s strong AI roadmap and growing portfolio of AI-optimised solutions position them as a forward-looking partner, ready to support our customers’ evolving AI and data needs. This alignment made AMD a clear choice over alternatives,” Kotecha said. By integrating AMD EPYC processors, Ishan Technologies’ Ishan Cloud plans to empower enterprises across BFSI, ITeS, and manufacturing industries, as well as global capability centers and government organizations, to meet India’s data localization requirements and drive AI-led digital transformation. “The AMD EPYC 4005 series’ price-to-performance ratio makes it an attractive option for cloud hosting and web services, where cost-efficient, always-on performance is essential,” said Manish Rawat, analyst, TechInsights. Prabhu Ram, VP for the industry research group at CMR, said EPYC 4005 processors deliver a compelling mix of performance-per-watt, higher core counts, and modern I/O support, positioning it as a strong alternative to Intel’s Xeon E-2400 and 6300P, particularly for edge deployments. Shah of Counterpoint added, “While ARM-based Ampere Altra promises higher power efficiencies and is ideally adopted in more cloud and hyperscale data centers, though performance is something where x86-based Zen 5 architecture excels and nicely balances the efficiencies with lower TDPs, better software compatibilities supported by a more mature ecosystem.”

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Shell’s immersive cooling liquids the first to receive official certification from Intel

Along with the certification, Intel is offering a Xeon processor single-phase immersion warranty rider. This indicates Intel’s confidence in the durability and effectiveness of Shell’s fluids. Yates explained that the rider augments Intel’s standard warranty terms and is available to data center operators deploying 4th and 5th generation Xeon processors in Shell immersion fluids. The rider is intended to provide data center operators confidence that their investment is guaranteed when deployed correctly. Shell’s fluids are available globally and can be employed in retrofitted existing infrastructure or used in new builds. Cuts resource use, increases performance Data centers consume anywhere from 10 to 50 times more energy per square foot than traditional office buildings, and they are projected to drive more than 20% of the growth in electricity demand between now and 2030. Largely due to the explosion of AI, data center energy consumption is expected to double from 415 terawatt-hours in 2024 to around 945 TWh by 2030. There are several other technologies used for data center cooling, including air cooling, cold plate (direct-to-chip), and precision cooling (targeted to specific areas), but the use of immersion cooling has been growing, and is expected to account for 36% of data center thermal management revenue by 2028. With this method, servers and networking equipment are placed in cooling fluids that absorb and dissipate heat generated by the electronic equipment. These specialized fluids are thermally conductive but not electrically conductive (dielectric) thus making them safe for submerging electrical equipment.

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Cisco joins AI infrastructure alliance

“The addition of Cisco reinforces AIP’s commitment to an open-architecture platform and fostering a broad ecosystem that supports a diverse range of partners on a non-exclusive basis, all working together to build a new kind of AI infrastructure,” the group said in a statement.  Separately, Cisco announced AI initiatives centered in the Middle East region. Last week, Cisco CEO Chuck Robbins visited Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain. This week, Jeetu Patel, executive vice president and chief product officer, is in Saudi Arabia, where he is participating in President Trump’s state visit to the region, according to Cisco. Related new projects include:  An initiative with HUMAIN, Saudi Arabia’s new AI enterprise to help build an open, scalable, resilient and cost-efficient AI infrastructure: “This landmark collaboration will set a new standard for how AI infrastructure is designed, secured and delivered – combining Cisco’s global expertise with the Kingdom’s bold AI ambitions. The multi-year initiative aims to position the country as a global leader in digital innovation,” Cisco stated. A collaboration with the UAE-basedG42 to co-develop a secure AI portfolio and AI-native services: Cisco and G42 will work together to assess the potential to co-develop and jointly deploy AI-powered cybersecurity packages, as well as a reference architecture that integrates Cisco’s networking, security, and infrastructure solutions specifically designed for high-performance computing. This collaboration aims to help customers build and secure AI-ready data centers and develop AI workloads effectively, according to the companies. Interest in Qatar’s digital transformation: Qatar’s Ministry of Interior and Cisco signed a letter of intent to collaborate on Qatar’s digital transformation, AI, infrastructure development and cybersecurity.

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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