
In a rebound from early COVID-era declines, utilities invested a record $8.8 billion in energy efficiency in 2023, the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy said Tuesday in its assessment of state policies.
“Energy efficiency remains our nation’s least-cost energy resource while also delivering additional benefits such as grid reliability and resilience,” ACEEE said. “Utility electricity efficiency investments slowed from 2020 through 2022, but in 2023 reached a new high.”
The total includes $6.9 billion for electric efficiency and $1.9 billion in gas efficiency investments. The total is an increase of approximately 16% compared with the recent low of 2020, ACEEE said, and 6% more than the previous high in 2019.
Many states and utilities are now looking beyond more traditional efficiency efforts, like lighting retrofits, to focus on deep energy home upgrades, smart buildings, expansion of electric vehicle infrastructure, zero-energy buildings, and electrification of space and water heating, according to the report.
But the investment is uneven. ACEEE’s “2025 State Energy Efficiency Scorecard” found that just five states accounted for 90% of the increase in 2023 efficiency spending: Massachusetts, Missouri, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania.
“In the wake of rapidly rising energy prices and electricity bills, several states are recognizing energy efficiency’s important role in keeping energy affordable by helping homeowners and businesses reduce costs, by improving living conditions, and by creating jobs, all while supporting increasingly ambitious state and local goals to reduce carbon emissions,” ACEEE said.
The scorecard ranks states on their policy and program efforts to advance energy efficiency. California ranked No. 1 for the seventh time. Massachusetts was second, followed by New York, with Maryland and Vermont tied for fourth.
“Leading states are reducing costs and cutting pollution through energy savings measures, but many other states are stagnating,” Mark Kresowik, senior policy director at ACEEE and lead author of the scorecard, said in a statement. “American families have endured years of rising costs and need relief.”
Louisiana, which ranked 37th, was most improved, jumping nine places from the previous scorecard on the strength of a new building energy code it adopted, “primarily motivated by skyrocketing insurance costs due to extreme weather exacerbated by climate change,” ACEEE said.
Colorado advanced six spots in the rankings, to No. 7, buoyed by policies for clean vehicles, building performance standards to reduce energy consumption in large buildings, and enacting appliance efficiency standards, the report said.