We, the Australian Minister for Resources and Northern Australia, the Hon Madeleine King MP, and Secretaries and senior representatives from the United States, including Secretary of Interior Doug Burgum, Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Lee Zeldin, Chairman of the U.S. Export Import Bank John Jovanovic, and Assistant Secretary of Energy Audrey Robertson,  held our inaugural Mining, Minerals, and Metals Investment Ministerial in Tokyo on 14 March 2026, to advance cooperation under the landmark bilateral agreement, the United States–Australia Framework for Securing Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths (the Framework). Under the Framework, Australia and the United States are delivering concrete outcomes to strengthen, secure, and diversify critical minerals and rare earth supply chains. Within six months of agreement of the Framework, we have each taken measures to provide at least USD $1 billion in financing to key critical minerals projects. By mobilising government and private sector capital, these investments support the development of our shared industrial base and strengthen longer term supply for defence, manufacturing, and energy supply chains. To build resilience, enhance stability, and bolster economic security in support of our shared critical minerals interests, Australia and the United States today announce the establishment of the Critical Minerals Supply Security Response Group and commit to deeper cooperation between our key agencies. In line with the Framework, the Critical Minerals Supply Security Response Group, led by senior representatives from the United States Department of Energy and the Australian Department of Industry, Science and Resources, will cooperate on priority minerals and supply chain vulnerabilities and coordinate efforts to accelerate the delivery of processed minerals under the Framework. Australia and the United States also commit to leveraging shared policy and interagency regulatory tools and, where appropriate, investments to secure critical minerals supply, including through cooperation between Australia’s

We, the ministers and representatives of Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Timor-Leste, United States, and Vietnam met in Tokyo, Japan, on March 14–15, 2026, to hold the historic Indo-Pacific Energy Security Ministerial and Business Forum. The forum was co-hosted by the Chair and Vice Chair of the U.S. National Energy Dominance Council, Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum, Secretary of Energy Chris Wright, and Japanese Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Akazawa Ryosei. We affirm our shared determination to work collectively to ensure stable and secure energy supply in the Indo-Pacific region. To this end, we focused on three key themes: reliable energy for Indo-Pacific growth and security; securing energy supply chains, infrastructure and maritime routes; and enabling trade and investment. To support these goals, Ministers affirm the value of: The necessity of reliable, affordable, secure and dispatchable energy from all sources depending on each country’s situation, in meeting the region’s surging energy demand.  Promoting quality as a key procurement mechanism to mitigate risk of operational liabilities. Protecting against rising cyber threats to the security of the energy grid, critical infrastructure, vehicles, and devices. Investment in comprehensive energy infrastructure that encompasses the entire energy supply chain from upstream development facilities to downstream equipment to support an affordable, reliable, and secure energy supply including baseload electricity.  Continuing to supply affordable and reliable energy sources in the Indo-Pacific region, including through emergency response measures, to benefit both producers and consumer countries. While maintaining strong relations with current partners, expanding and diversifying energy suppliers and fuel types in order to strengthen energy security. Promoting transparent, long-term energy contracts that reduce market volatility. As the global economy expands, so too does demand for energy driven by AI and electrification, we, as countries committed to a free and

WASHINGTON—The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation (CMEI) and Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office (HGEO) today announced a funding opportunity of up to $69 million for technologies or processes that advance the domestic production and refining of critical materials. Projects selected through this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) will address the greatest technical obstacles to a stronger critical materials supply chain. “This funding will help establish a more secure and affordable supply of the critical minerals and materials that are foundational to American energy dominance, national security, and industrial competitiveness,” said Assistant Secretary of Energy (EERE) Audrey Robertson. DOE is seeking projects that bridge the gap between bench-scale innovations and commercially viable technologies. Selected project teams will form industry-led partnerships and conduct research and development with support from the U.S. national laboratories. The NOFO, which is part of DOE’s Critical Minerals and Materials Accelerator Program and jointly funded by CMEI’s Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office and HGEO’s Office of Geothermal, has three primary topic areas: Production and material efficiency for critical materials including rare earth elements Processes to refine and alloy gallium, gallium nitride, germanium, and silicon carbide Cost-competitive direct lithium extraction, separation, and processing CMEI will host an informational webinar on April 16, 2026, to discuss the NOFO and application requirements. Letters of intent are due on April 21, 2026, by 5 p.m. ET. Deadlines for full applications will be staggered based on topic area, starting in May 2026. For more details on sub-topics and deadlines, visit the NOFO landing page. The Critical Minerals and Materials Accelerator is one of several programs developed through DOE’s Critical Materials Collaborative. This NOFO is part of $1 billion in critical materials funding announced by DOE in August 2025, and follows the Manufacturing Deployment Office’s announcement

With geopolitical risk central to conversations about energy, and with long-cycle supply once again in focus, Latin America’s mix of hydrocarbons and export potential drew renewed attention at CERAWeek by S&P Global in Houston. Argentina, resource story to export platform Among the regional stories, Argentina stood out as Vaca Muerta was no longer discussed simply as a large unconventional resource, but whether the country could turn resource quality into sustained export capacity.  Country officials talked about scale: more operators, more services, more infrastructure, and a larger industrial base around the unconventional play. Daniel González, Vice Minister of Energy and Mining for Argentina, put it plainly: “The time has come to expand the Vaca Muerta ecosystem.” What is at stake now is not whether the basin works, but whether the country can build enough above-ground capacity and regulatory consistency to keep development moving. Horacio Marín, chairman and chief executive officer of YPF, offered an expansive version of that argument. He said Argentina’s energy exports could reach $50 billion/year by 2031, backed by roughly $130 billion in cumulative investment in oil, LNG, and transportation infrastructure. He said Argentine crude output could reach 1 million b/d by end-2026. He said Argentina wants to be seen less as a recurrent frontier story and more as a future supplier with scale. “The time to invest in Vaca Muerta is now,” Marín said. The LNG piece is starting to take shape. Eni, YPF, and XRG signed a joint development agreement in February to move Argentina LNG forward, with a first phase planned at 12 million tonnes/year. Southern Energy—backed by PAE, YPF, Pampa Energía, Harbour Energy, and Golar LNG—holds a long-term agreement with SEFE for 2 million tonnes/year over 8 years. The movement by global standards is early-stage and relatively modest, but it adds to Argentina’s export

@import url(‘https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:[email protected]&display=swap’); a { color: var(–color-primary-main); } .ebm-page__main h1, .ebm-page__main h2, .ebm-page__main h3, .ebm-page__main h4, .ebm-page__main h5, .ebm-page__main h6 { font-family: Inter; } body { line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.025em; font-family: Inter; } button, .ebm-button-wrapper { font-family: Inter; } .label-style { text-transform: uppercase; color: var(–color-grey); font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.75rem; } .caption-style { font-size: 0.75rem; opacity: .6; } #onetrust-pc-sdk [id*=btn-handler], #onetrust-pc-sdk [class*=btn-handler] { background-color: #c19a06 !important; border-color: #c19a06 !important; } #onetrust-policy a, #onetrust-pc-sdk a, #ot-pc-content a { color: #c19a06 !important; } #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-active-menu { border-color: #c19a06 !important; } #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler, #onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler, #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler.cookie-setting-link { background-color: #c19a06 !important; border-color: #c19a06 !important; } #onetrust-consent-sdk .onetrust-pc-btn-handler { color: #c19a06 !important; border-color: #c19a06 !important; } In this Market Focus episode of the Oil & Gas Journal ReEnterprised podcast, Conglin Xu, managing editor, economics, takes a look into the LNG market shock caused by the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz and the sudden loss of Qatari LNG supply as the Iran war continues. Xu speaks with Edward O’Toole, director of global gas analysis, RBAC Inc., to examine how these disruptions are intensifying global supply constraints at a time when European inventories were already under pressure following a colder-than-average winter and weaker storage levels. Drawing on RBAC’s G2M2 global gas market model, O’Toole outlines disruption scenarios analyzed in the firm’s recent report and explains how current events align with their findings. With global LNG production already operating near maximum utilization, the market response is being driven by higher prices and reduced consumption. Europe faces sharper price pressure due to storage refill needs, while Asian markets are expected to see greater demand reductions as consumers switch fuels. O’Toole underscores the importance of scenario-based modeling and supply diversification as geopolitical risk exposes structural vulnerabilities in the LNG market—offering insights for stakeholders navigating an increasingly uncertain global

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