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Saipem, Subsea7 Reach Initial Merger Deal

Saipem SpA has struck an agreement in principle on the key terms of a potential acquisition of Subsea7 SA, which would result in a combined company called Saipem7. Subsea7 shareholders would receive 6.688 Saipem shares for each Subsea7 unit, a joint statement said Sunday. Subsea7, which trades on the Oslo stock exchange, had about 295.61 […]

Saipem SpA has struck an agreement in principle on the key terms of a potential acquisition of Subsea7 SA, which would result in a combined company called Saipem7.

Subsea7 shareholders would receive 6.688 Saipem shares for each Subsea7 unit, a joint statement said Sunday. Subsea7, which trades on the Oslo stock exchange, had about 295.61 million shares outstanding as of year-end 2024, according to online company information.

The combined company’s share capital would be equally divided between the current shareholders of Italian state-backed Saipem and Luxembourg-registered Subsea7 assuming all the latter’s shareholders participate in the merger, the companies said.

The parties expect their combined company to have a backlog of EUR 43 billion ($45.2 billion), revenue of about EUR 20 billion and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) of over EUR 2 billion.

“The management of both Saipem and Subsea7 share the conviction that there is compelling logic in creating a global leader in energy services, particularly considering the growing size of clients’ projects”, the statement said.

Eni SpA and CDP Equity SpA, Saipem’s biggest shareholders, and Siem Industries SA, Subsea7’s reference shareholder, signed a memorandum of understanding to support the merger.

Expected to close in the second half of 2026, the transaction would result in Siem Industries owning 11.9 percent of Saipem7 and Eni and CDP Equity holding 10.6 percent and 6.4 percent respectively, according to the statement.

Siem Industries would have the right to designate Saipem7’s chair. Eni and CDP Equity would be entitled to assign the combined company’s chief executive, who is planned to be Alessandro Puliti, Saipem’s chief executive and general manager.

Saipem and Subsea7 have “highly complementary geographical footprints, competencies and capabilities, vessel fleets and technologies that will benefit the Combined Company’s global client base”, the statement said. According to Saipem, it operates in over 50 countries.

The resulting company will be structured into four business: Offshore Engineering and Construction, Onshore Engineering and Construction, Sustainable Infrastructures and Offshore Drilling.

Saipem7 would “offer a full spectrum of offshore and onshore services, from drilling, engineering and construction to life-of-field services and decommissioning, with an increased ability to optimize project schedules for clients in oil, gas, carbon capture and renewable energy”, the statement said.

The Offshore Engineering and Construction business is planned to be an operationally autonomous company called Subsea7, which would retain John Evans as chief executive.

To be based in London, the Offshore Engineering and Construction business would “comprise all of Subsea7’s business and the Asset Based Services business of Saipem, representing approximately 83 percent of the combined group’s EBITDA of the last 12 months as of 30 September 2024”, the statement said.

“In line with Saipem’s previous strategy, the Onshore Engineering & Construction will be run with a focus on reducing overall risk and maximizing profitability”, the statement said. “The Sustainable Infrastructures business will aim to consolidate its presence in the Italian market with potential expansion overseas. The Offshore Drilling division will seek to continue to maximize its EBITDA and cash flow”.

The statement said, “Annual synergies of approximately EUR 300 million are expected to be achieved in the third year after completion, with one-off costs to achieve such synergies of approximately EUR 270 million”.

Saipem7 would be listed in Milan, where it would be headquartered, and Oslo.

Subsea7 plans to distribute EUR 450 million in extraordinary dividends immediately before the completion of the merger.

“In 2026, if the Proposed Combination is not completed before the approval of the full year 2025 results of Saipem and Subsea7, the two companies could each distribute by way of dividends at least $300 million”, the statement said.

“Following completion of the Proposed Combination, the Combined Company is expected to distribute to shareholders at least 40 percent of Free Cash Flow after repayment of lease liabilities”.

Saipem and Subsea7 expect to enter into a merger agreement around mid-2025.

To contact the author, email [email protected]

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Fortinet speeds threat detection with improved FortiAnalyzer

The package also now integrates with FortiAI, the vendor’s genAI assistant, to better support analytics and telemetry to help security teams speed threat investigation and response, the vendor stated. “FortiAI identifies the threats that need analysis from the data collected by FortiAnalyzer, primarily collected from FortiGates. By automating the collection,

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Aryaka adds AI-powered observability to SASE platform

Nadkarni explained that Aryaka runs unsupervised machine learning models on the data to identify anomalies and outliers in the data. For example, the models may detect a sudden spike in traffic to a domain that has not been seen before. This unsupervised analysis helps surface potential issues or areas of

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Obsidian Energy to Sell Pembina Assets to InPlay for $224.7MM

Obsidian Energy Ltd. is selling its operating assets in the Pembina oil field in Alberta, Canada, to InPlay Oil Corp. for approximately $224.77 million (CAD 320 million). Obsidian will retain its non-operated holdings in Pembina Cardium Unit #11, the company said in a news release. The Pembina assets include 498 net sections of land in the Pembina area of Central Alberta, including associated facilities and gathering systems. Consideration for the acquisition will consist of $154.53 million (CAD 220 million) in cash, $59.71 million (CAD 85 million) of InPlay’s common shares, and InPlay’s 34.6 percent working interest in the Willesden Green Cardium Unit #2 oil field, which would bring Obsidian Energy’s ownership in the field to 99.8 percent. This additional interest is estimated to be valued at $15 million, according to the company. As part of the transaction, Obsidian Energy said it has agreed to drill four wells on two pads in the Pembina area during the first quarter of 2025 at InPlay’s expense. All rights to the wells and associated infrastructure will be transferred to InPlay upon the close of the transaction. The effective date of the transaction is December 1, 2024, and is expected to close early in the second quarter of 2025, subject to approval by InPlay shareholders, receipt of all necessary regulatory approvals and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions. Obsidian Energy said the transaction allows the company to focus on its light oil development in Willesden Green, part of the Willesden Green Oil and Gas Field and the Duvernay Formation. As part of the transaction, InPlay will assume all assets and liabilities associated with the Pembina assets. InPlay said in a separate statement that the petroleum and natural gas assets are producing approximately 10,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day (boepd), consisting of 68 percent

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Centrica Bags Contract to Provide LNG to Petrobras

Centrica said it has secured a sale and purchase agreement to provide liquefied natural gas (LNG) to Petróleo Brasileiro S.A (Petrobras). The contract between the two companies is for the purchase of 0.8 million tons per annum (mtpa) of LNG for 15 years, beginning in 2027, Centrica said in a news release. The financial details were not disclosed. The agreement comprises approximately 30 percent of Centrica’s U.S. portfolio and will be sourced from Centrica’s Sabine Pass and Delfin supply agreements, the United Kingdom-based company noted. The agreement “marks a significant step in expanding Centrica’s global LNG business, diversifying the locations it can deliver LNG to and supporting energy security in Brazil with an important new long-term partner,” the company said in a statement. Centrica Group Chief Executive Chris O’Shea said, “Centrica is investing to deliver the energy security, efficiency and decarbonization solutions our customers need today and in the future, and LNG is, and will continue to be, a crucial foundation of the energy transition. This agreement demonstrates our approach to building long-term partnerships while derisking our portfolio exposure in the medium-term, in turn positioning us to continue growing our portfolio as new LNG supply comes into the market over the coming years”. Petrobras Director of Energy Transition and Sustainability Maurício Tolmasquim said, “The agreement with Centrica is aligned with Petrobras’ priorities to reduce its exposure to the spot market volatility, increase its competitiveness and be the best option for its customers. We also consider the contribution of this important product to promoting the energy transition”. Flexible Power Projects in Ireland Meanwhile, Centrica’s subsidiary Bord Gáis Energy has secured a 10-year capacity market contract to deliver a 334-megawatt (MW) open cycle gas turbine power station in Galway, Ireland. The new power station will be capable of running on biomethane or

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Elixir Charts Mongolia Exit

Elixir Energy Ltd. said it has signed agreements for a Mongolian partnership with Gobi Terra (UK) Ltd. that provide for the Australian company’s eventual exit from the Central Asian nation. The companies agreed to form two incorporated joint ventures (JVs), one to hold Elixir’s coal bed methane (CBM) business in Mongolia and the other to hold its renewable energy assets in the country, according to a regulatory disclosure by Adelaide-based Elixir. Gobi Terra, which Elixir described as a private United Kingdom company “controlled by Mongolian business interests”, will have a 51 percent stake each in the JVs. In the CBM JV, Gobi Terra “will fully carry Elixir through all costs to a final investment decision (FID) on a gas development”, stated the filing on the Australian Securities Exchange. The farm-out agreement consists mainly of the Nomgon CBM production sharing contract and related facilities. “The Farmout Agreement also contains conditional put and call options that can be exercised upon FID being reached, providing for Elixir to exit at a price of US$0.30/GJ of 2P [proven and probable] booked reserves, capped at US$30 million”, Elixir added. In the renewables JV, which will contain Elixir’s Solar Ilch pre-development solar farm and wind and solar monitoring equipment, Gobi Terra will also own 51 percent “and fully carry Elixir through all costs to any final investment decisions on the proposed solar/wind farm developments”, Elixir said. The companies agreed that Elixir would receive $2 million plus $20,000 per megawatt (MW) of installed capacity at a maximum of 50 MW. “A 50 MW solar farm would therefore entail a total payment of $US3 million to Elixir”, the filing said. They also agreed to payments of $1 million plus $10,000 per MW of installed capacity at a maximum of 200 MW. “A 200 MW wind farm would therefore entail

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Outdated billing systems are holding back the energy transition

Across the US, utilities are making significant advancements in the energy transition, one such being electrification: switching end-use devices like heating systems and vehicles away from fossil fuels and onto electric fuel. Because electrification – and the associated demand increase – could increase system costs if demand is left unmanaged, a subsequent trend has emerged: demand management at the grid-edge. Utilities are investing in new solutions to serve customer demand (particularly from new grid-edge devices like EVs and heat pumps) more efficiently. An important tool in a utility’s demand management toolbox is pricing innovation – that is, developing new rate designs that more accurately communicate to customers the costs and benefits of their use of the power system. With new time-of-use rate designs, dynamic pricing models, location-based incentives, utilities have a wealth of solutions at their disposal. But to implement these pricing innovations at scale, utilities will need modern billing technologies that can keep up. Implementing rate design innovation requires more than just smart meters Over the last decade, US utilities have invested billions of dollars into advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). The transition away from manually-read meters to communications-enabled smart meters has allowed utilities to collect more granular consumption data from end customers. The value of these AMI investments relates to the outcomes utilities are able to achieve with this new, granular meter data. Utilities across the US are seeking to deliver value from their AMI investments by implementing time-varying rates for customers, something they weren’t able to do without granular meter data. However, many utilities are finding that even with modernized metering equipment, the process of implementing new rate designs proves difficult and expensive if their customer IT systems (specifically, billing) have yet to be modernized. Coding a new rate design or product offering into a legacy billing system

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Scaling up sustainability: Meeting growing demand with SF6-free solutions

Empowering the energy transition Significant progress has been made in recent years to decarbonize electricity generation through the increased build-out of renewable energy, such as solar and wind. Hitachi Energy tackled the equally gnarly challenges of sustainable transmission and distribution with the aim to accelerate the transition towards a carbon-neutral energy future. As electricity becomes ever more vital for the functioning of modern society, there is less room for compromise on the reliability and stability of power systems. Consequently, we have to deal with higher short-circuit currents. To address this need, the company unveiled the EconiQ® high-voltage roadmap in 2021, outlining an extensive portfolio of eco-efficient, SF6-free switchgear and breakers at various voltage levels in the R&D pipeline. Since then, the roadmap has continued to drive forward the pace of eco-efficient innovation. This year, Hitachi Energy has made crucial updates to the EconiQ roadmap, reflecting the evolving needs of modern electrical grids. The introduction of 420 kilovolt (kV) gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) and 420 kV live tank circuit breakers (LTA) with an 80 kiloampere (kA) short-circuit current rating marks a significant leap in grid resilience. While 63 kA systems have been sufficient in many networks until now, the shift to 80 kA short-circuit capacity meets the demands of increasingly meshed transmission energy networks, mainly driven by renewable energy integration, increasing electrification of transport and industry, and burgeoning data centers. The EconiQ roadmap shows Hitachi Energy’s SF6-free switchgear products available now and those to come with their target release date. The new roadmap includes, among other updates, the 420 kV circuit breaker (with applications in DTB and GIS) with 80 kA short-circuit capacity and an 800 kV dead tank circuit breaker. Hitachi Energy Why short circuits matter Short-circuits have always been an essential factor in grid design and operation. Short circuits result from

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Is your utility prepared for these 3 energy trends in 2025?

The utility sector is undergoing a significant transformation. Increased demand for electricity, aging infrastructure, expanding renewable energy adoption, extreme weather and technological advancements are all making planning and operations processes and decision making much more complex.  In this article, we’ll outline three of the most pressing energy trends every utility must prepare for in 2025.  Trend #1: Electricity loads are skyrocketing Global electricity demand is expected to grow annually by 3.4% through 2026. On-going electrification efforts, including the increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), heat pumps and other connected devices will drive some of this demand, but the lion’s share will come from data centers.  Data center loads (also referred to as hyperscalers), are exploding, straining the grid’s capacity infrastructure. Experts believe data center demand could exceed 1,000 TWh by 2026, more than doubling the sector’s 2022 consumption. Around the world, streaming, remote work, crypto mining and cloud computing — all data center-enabled activities — are on the rise. However, the real culprit behind data center load growth is artificial intelligence (AI). AI-enabled applications are notoriously power-hungry, with new AI data centers using 5 to 10 times more power than traditional data centers. For utilities, keeping up with this trend means planning for massive increases in load growth, unlike anything they’ve seen in the past. “I think the biggest challenge for utilities is the size of the growth and how sudden it’s been,” said Carlos Romero, VP Strategic Operations for Energy Exemplar. Romero explained that hyperscalers like Meta, Amazon and Microsoft have requested sites from 1 GW to more than 5 GW per site, which is significantly more than the 1% to 2% load increases that utilities have historically seen. “To put that in perspective, the average nuclear power plant is roughly 1 GW to 1.5 GW. If a data

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Do data centers threaten the water supply?

In a new report, the Royal Academy of Engineering called upon the government to ensure tech companies accurately report how much energy and water their data centers are using and reducing the use of drinking water for cooling. Without such action, warns one of the report’s authors, Professor Tom Rodden, “we face a real risk that our development, deployment and use of AI could do irreparable damage to the environment.” The situation is a little different for the US as the country has large bodies of water offering a  water supply that the UK just does not have. It’s not an accident that there are many data centers around the Chicago area: they’ve also got the Great Lakes to draw upon. Likewise, the Columbia and Klamath Rivers have become magnets for data centers for both water supply and hydroelectric power. Other than the Thames River, the UK doesn’t have these massive bodies of water. Still, the problem is not unique to the UK, says Alan Howard, senior analyst with Omdia. He notes that Microsoft took heat last year because it was draining the water supply of a small Arizona town of Goodyear with a new AI-oriented data center.  The city of Chandler, Arizona passed an ordinance in 2015 that restricted new water-intensive businesses from setting up shop which slowed data center development.   “I believe some data center operators just bowed out,” said Howard.

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Ireland says there will be no computation without generation

Stanish said that, in 2023, she wrote a paper that predicted “by 2028, more than 70% of multinational enterprises will alter their data center strategies due to limited energy supplies and data center moratoriums, up from only about 5% in 2023. It has been interesting watching this trend evolve as expected, with Ireland being a major force in this conversation since the boycotts against data center growth started a few years ago.” Fair, equitable, and stable electricity allocation, she said, “means that the availability of electricity for digital services is not guaranteed in the future, and I expect these policies, data center moratoriums, and regional rejections will only continue and expand moving forward.” Stanish pointed out that this trend is not just occurring in Ireland. “Many studies show that, globally, enterprises’ digital technologies are consuming energy at a faster rate than overall growth in energy supply (though, to be clear, these studies mostly assume a static position on energy efficiency of current technologies, and don’t take into account potential for nuclear or hydrogen to assuage some of these supply issues).” If taken at face value, she said, this means that a lack of resources could cause widespread electricity shortages in data centers over the next several years. To mitigate this, Stanish said, “so far, data center moratoriums and related constraints (including reduced tax incentives) have been enacted in the US (specifically Virginia and Georgia), Denmark, Singapore, and other countries, in response to concerns about the excessive energy consumption of IT, particularly regarding compute-intense AI workloads and concerns regarding an IT energy monopoly in certain regions. As a result, governments (federal, state, county, etc.) are working to ensure that consumption does not outpace capacity.” Changes needed In its report, the CRU stated, “a safe and secure supply of energy is essential

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Perspective: Can We Solve the AI Data Center Power Crisis with Microgrids?

President Trump announced a$500 billion private sector investment in the nation’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) infrastructure last month. The investment will come from The Stargate Project, a joint venture between OpenAI, SoftBank, Oracle and MGX, which intends to build 20 new AI data centers in the U.S in the next four to five years. The Stargate Project committed$100 billion for immediate deployment and construction has already begun on its first data center in Texas. At approximately a half a million square feet each, the partners say these new facilities will cement America’s leadership in AI, create jobs and stimulate economic growth. Stargate is not the only game in town, either. Microsoft is expected to invest$80 billion in AI data center development in 2025, with Google, AWS and Meta also spending big. While all this investment in AI infrastructure is certainly exciting, experts say there’s one lingering question that’s yet to be answered and it’s a big one: How are we going to power all these AI data centers? This will be one of the many questions tackled duringMicrogrid Knowledge’s annual conference, which will be held in Texas April 15-17 at the Sheraton Dallas. “Powering Data Centers: Collaborative Microgrid Solutions for a Growing Market” will be one of the key sessions on April 16. Industry experts will gather to discuss how private entities, developers and utilities can work together to deploy microgrids and distributed energy technologies that address the data center industry’s power needs. The panel will share solutions, technologies and strategies that will favorably position data centers in the energy queue. In advance of this session, we sat down with two microgrid experts to learn more about the challenges facing the data center industry and how microgrids can address the sector’s growing energy needs. We spoke with Michael Stadler, co-founder and

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Data Center Tours: Iron Mountain VA-1, Manassas, Virginia

Iron Mountain Northern Virginia Overview Iron Mountain’s Northern Virginia data centers VA-1 through VA-7 are situated on a 142-acre highly secure campus in Prince William County, Virginia. Located at 11680 Hayden Road in Manassas, Iron Mountain VA-1 spans 167,958 sq. ft. and harbors 12.4 MW of total capacity to meet colocation needs. The 36 MW VA-2 facility stands nearby. The total campus features a mixture of single and multi-tenant facilities which together provide more than 2,000,000 SF of highly efficient green colocation space for enterprises, federal agencies, service providers and hyperscale clouds.  The company notes that its Manassas campus offers tax savings compared to Ashburn and exceptional levels of energy-efficiency as well as a diverse and accessible ecosystem of cloud, network and other service providers.  Iron Mountain’s Virginia campus has 9 total planned data centers, with 5 operational facilities to date and two more data centers coming soon. VA-2 recently became the first data center in the United States to achieve DCOS Maturity Level 3.    As we continued the tour, Kinra led the way toward the break room, an area where customers can grab coffee or catch up on work. Unlike the high-end aesthetic of some other colocation providers, Iron Mountain’s approach is more practical and focused on functionality. At the secure shipping and receiving area, Kinra explained the process for handling customer equipment. “This is where our customers ship their equipment into,” he said. “They submit a ticket, send their shipments in, and we’ll take it, put it aside for them, and let them know when it’s here. Sometimes they ask us to take it to their environment, which we’ll do for them via a smart hands ticket.” Power Infrastructure and Security Measures The VA-1 campus is supported by a single substation, providing the necessary power for its growing

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Land and Expand: DPO, Microsoft, JLL and BlackChamber, Prologis, Core Scientific, Overwatch Capital

Land and Expand is a periodic feature at Data Center Frontier highlighting the latest data center development news, including new sites, land acquisitions and campus expansions. Here are some of the new and notable developments from hyperscale and colocation data center developers and operators about which we’ve been reading lately. DPO to Develop $200 Million AI Data Center in Wisconsin Rapids; Strategic Partnership with Billerud’s CWPCo Unlocks Hydroelectric Power for High-Density AI Compute Digital Power Optimization (DPO) is moving forward with plans to build a $200 million high-performance computing (HPC) data center in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. The project, designed to support up to 20 megawatts (MW) of artificial intelligence (AI) computing, leverages an innovative partnership with Consolidated Water Power Company (CWPCo), a subsidiary of global packaging leader Billerud. DPO specializes in developing and operating data centers optimized for power-dense computing. By partnering with utilities and independent power producers, DPO colocates its facilities at energy generation sites, ensuring direct access to sustainable power for AI, HPC, and blockchain computing. The company is privately held. Leveraging Power Infrastructure for Speed-to-Energization CWPCo, a regulated utility subsidiary, has operated hydroelectric generation assets since 1894, reliably serving industrial and commercial customers in Wisconsin Rapids, Biron, and Stevens Point. Parent company Billerud is a global leader in high-performance packaging materials, committed to sustainability and innovation. The company operates nine production facilities across Sweden, the USA, and Finland, employing 5,800 people in over 19 countries.  The data center will be powered by CWPCo’s renewable hydroelectric assets, tapping into the utility’s existing 32 megawatts of generation capacity. The partnership grants DPO a long-term land lease—extending up to 50 years—alongside interconnection rights to an already-energized substation and a firm, reliable power supply. “AI infrastructure is evolving at an unprecedented pace, and access to power-dense sites is critical,” said Andrew

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Data center spending to top $1 trillion by 2029 as AI transforms infrastructure

His projections account for recent advances in AI and data center efficiency, he says. For example, the open-source AI model from Chinese company DeepSeek seems to have shown that an LLM can produce very high-quality results at a very low cost with some clever architectural changes to how the models work. These improvements are likely to be quickly replicated by other AI companies. “A lot of these companies are trying to push out more efficient models,” says Fung. “There’s a lot of effort to reduce costs and to make it more efficient.” In addition, hyperscalers are designing and building their own chips, optimized for their AI workloads. Just the accelerator market alone is projected to reach $392 billion by 2029, Dell’Oro predicts. By that time, custom accelerators will outpace commercially available accelerators such as GPUs. The deployment of dedicated AI servers also has an impact on networking, power and cooling. As a result, spending on data center physical infrastructure (DCPI) will also increase, though at a more moderate pace, growing by 14% annually to $61 billion in 2029.  “DCPI deployments are a prerequisite to support AI workloads,” says Tam Dell’Oro, founder of Dell’Oro Group, in the report. The research firm raised its outlook in this area due to the fact that actual 2024 results exceeded its expectations, and demand is spreading from tier one to tier two cloud service providers. In addition, governments and tier one telecom operators are getting involved in data center expansion, making it a long-term trend.

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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