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ATH 3X: BTC – HASHRATE – DIFFICULTY!

W50 ’24 | 12.9-15.24 | Issue CX | Block Height 874955 Welcome to the latest issue of the Vibe Check, your weekly source at the intersection of Bitcoin, Energy, and Bitcoin Mining. Grab a ☕ and start the week with all the metrics and stories that shake and bake the Bitcoin Mining industry. Subscribe and […]

W50 ’24 | 12.9-15.24 | Issue CX | Block Height 874955

Welcome to the latest issue of the Vibe Check, your weekly source at the intersection of Bitcoin, Energy, and Bitcoin Mining.

Grab a ☕ and start the week with all the metrics and stories that shake and bake the Bitcoin Mining industry.

Subscribe and share with your friends, colleagues, and family!


W50 ‘24 Vibe Check

  • The Overview Vibe

  • Weekly Industry Metrics

  • Headlines & News

  • The Media Vibe

  • Energy Corner

  • The Meme Vibe


The Overview Vibe

BOOM! ALL TIME HIGH! We got ATH BTC as price kicked ~$106K in the balls, ATH hashrate as the network tapped ~805 EH/s, and to the dismay of miners, ATH Difficulty of 108.52 T! Sheesshhh!!! Hashprice marginally stepped up as new and old miners continued to ramp up in response to the BTC price trajectory. I am sure somewhere in the world an S9 is on 30% of the day and making enough $$$ to buy a cold beer at each difficulty adjustment.

Both the private and public sectors were bang-bang this week was filled with YUGE debt and equity announcements. MARA announced buying over 11K BTC for ~$1.1B with their latest debt proceeds. RIOT and CLSK followed suit with their own debt offering announcements. RIOT will buy more BTC to HODL while CLSK will use the funds to pay down past debt facilities.

While debt capital is back in MEGA-vogue, not all pureplay miners use funds to make their best Microstrategy impression. While RIOT and MARA lean on fixed-income markets to chase LONG VOL with a YUGE HODL, CLSK looks to keep cleaning up their balance sheet to chase EBITDA fundamentals for all those value investor homies. Whether it is HPC, MSTR Vol, or cash flow vibes, if BTC continues to rip, the market may not care as long as these tickers go to the MOON!

While the public capital markets got spicey, the private HPC markets ESTAN CALIENTE! Flare gas mitigation turned AI infrastructure gigante Crusoe Energy raised their $660M Series D at a $2.8B valuation to hypercharge their growth. 2023 BTC mining growth startup Arkon Energy’s AI subsidiary Nscale raised a $155M Series A to expand their footprint from Norway to North America and Europe. In another spin-out, DCG has spun out Foundry’s self-mining business into Fortitude Mining, which is currently the size of HIVE or Bit Digital from a revenue perspective. Following recent layoffs at Foundry, it may seem that parent-co DCG is looking to slice and dice business segments and push them individually into the market as the BULL RAGES ON!!

As Santa preps for Christmas, I hope all of y’all are consolidating UTXOs and reviewing your custody setup. Remember to call your mom, stay hydrated, and sign up for the Fold Card App (Referral link here) to stack sats during all your holiday shopping! Keep orange pilling y’all!


Bitcoin/Mining Metrics

  • BTC price2: ~$103,207.43 @ EOW. +3.18% WOW.

  • Hash price1: $63.85 PH/Day @ EOW. +2.31% WOW.

  • Network Hashrate (SMA 7 Day)1: ~805 EH/s @ EOW. +6.48% WOW.

  • Difficulty1: 108.52 T @ EOW. +4.43% WOW.

  • ASIC Retail Price (s19/m30 family)1: $3.53/TH/s @ EOW. 0.00% WOW.

Sources: Hashrate Index1, Bitbo2

Weekly Hashprice – Block Height 874945 – Hashrate Index

Weekly Hashrate – Block Height 874945 – Hashrate Index

Mempool Stats – Block Height 874945 – mempool.space

Mining Stats – Block Height 874945 – mempool.space

Headlines & News


The Media Vibe


Energy Corner


The Meme Vibe


Subscribe and keep your eye out for the development of the Vibe Check throughout 2024!

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Stay ahead with more perspectives on cutting-edge power, infrastructure, energy,  bitcoin and AI solutions. Explore these articles to uncover strategies and insights shaping the future of industries.

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Delays in TSMC’s Arizona plant spark supply chain worries

Delays at TSMC’s Arizona plant could compel its customers to rely on Taiwan-based facilities, leaving them vulnerable to geopolitical risks tied to Taiwan’s dominance in semiconductor production. “This situation could also delay the rollout of next-generation products in the US market, affecting timelines for AI, gaming, and high-performance computing innovations,”

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Investing with a purpose: growth with social impact

Businesses are increasingly expected to do more than generate profit, and for Balmoral Group this expectation is a guiding principle. With a rich history of over 40 years, Balmoral is not just building successful businesses – it’s building a legacy of sustainable growth and social impact. The group’s unique model of investment, coupled with its commitment to giving back through the Milne Family Foundation and its support for Friends of ANCHOR, offers what the group believes is a blueprint for the future of strategic investment. From strategy to impact © Supplied by Balmoral GroupBalmoral actively supports its community through education, charity, and cultural involvement, with strong backing for Friends of ANCHOR in cancer care and research. At its heart, Balmoral’s success lies in its ability to identify and transform businesses with strong fundamentals and untapped growth potential. Whether it’s enabling Blaze Manufacturing to diversify and triple its turnover, internationalising the Tanks business or spearheading innovative growth in renewables through the Comtec business, Balmoral excels. A prime example is Blaze Manufacturing, which, under Balmoral’s guidance, successfully diversified its operations and tripled its turnover. Similarly, building on decades of expertise in oil and gas, Comtec is seamlessly pivoting to capitalise on the booming renewables market. Set just two years ago, Comtec has already exceeded its ambitious £40 million renewables revenue target. Innovation and diversification are the cornerstones of Balmoral Group. Across its businesses, it is constantly advancing to address the challenges and opportunities of the future. Unlike traditional private equity firms driven by short-term returns, Balmoral operates with patient capital – investing off its own balance sheet. This approach grants the group unparalleled flexibility to support businesses through challenges and deliver growth strategies tailored to their unique needs. For companies like Blaze, this has meant more than just financial backing. Balmoral’s active

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Sarens PSG to study floating wind deployment for BlueFloat Energy and Nadara

The BlueFloat Energy and Nadara Partnership has chosen Sarens PSG to study how floating wind turbines can be deployed on an industrial scale in the North Sea. The programme will be delivered by the existing engineering team at Sarens PSG’s Offshore Wind Centre of Excellence in Aberdeen’s Energy Transition Zone The study will focus on developing methods to deploy completed floating wind structures directly from construction or production facilities to operational sites. It aims to achieve this for production line scale volumes, spanning multiple operational years. By investigating deployment operations, the study will identify key cost, risk, and scheduling implications and assess the impact of these factors on port infrastructure within the context of the partnership’s projects. UK portfolio director at the BlueFloat Energy and Nadara Partnership David Robertson said: “These studies represent a significant step forward in the development of our pipeline of floating offshore wind projects in Scotland and will not only deepen our understanding of some of the most pertinent technical challenges facing our industry, but also leverage local expertise through the regional supply chain.” BlueFloat Energy and Nadara are developing the 99.5MW Sinclair and Scaraben floating offshore wind farms as part of the Innovation and Targeted Oil and Gas (INTOG) leasing round in 2022. They previously brought in Edinburgh-based consultancy Arup to assess emerging technologies needed to deliver the projects, and First Marine Solutions (FMS) to design mooring solutions for the projects. In addition to Sinclair and Scaraben, BlueFloat is developing the Bellrock, Broadshore and Stromar ScotWind projects off the coasts of Aberdeen, Fraserburgh and Caithness, respectively. However, Sarens PSG’s study is expected to help inform the entire pipeline of floating wind projects in Scotland. Sarens PSG managing director Steve Clark said: “While deployment techniques have been trialled in smaller-scale demonstrator projects, scaling these processes to

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Aberdeen tech seeks to pump millions of barrels of North Sea oil from shut-in wells

A patented tool that cleans blocks out of subsea pipes could clear the way for the production of tens of millions of barrels of North Sea oil and gas. Aberdeen-based Pipetech has unveiled a new downhole scale remediation (DSR) technology it expects will be able to fight the scourge wells that are prematurely shut-in. Pipetech’s new kit aims to address long-standing industry challenges posed by scale, wax, and other naturally occurring deposits that obstruct fluid flow, compromise production efficiency and create unsuitable surfaces for bridge plugs. The DSR tool was supported by the Net Zero Technology Centre’s (NZTC) emissions reduction programme. Testing of the new tool is scheduled across redundant wells in the UK, Norway, and other countries later this year. Scale of the problem Over 30% of the UK’s oil and gas wells are shut-in, according to the North Sea Transition Authority (NSTA). The regulator said “more than 20 million barrels could potentially be produced cheaply and cleanly” by bringing around 200 existing wells back online. Pipetech operations director Leonard Hamill told Energy Voice that his firm’s new tech works differently from traditional solutions that use a “mechanical wiper” that drills out scale build-up in a well. © Supplied by PipetechPipetech’s DSR tool. The issue with this, Pipetech found, was that traditional solutions cannot expand and contract depending on how clogged up the pipe is. “The uniqueness of the tool is that it tracks the inner diameter of the pipe so if the diameter opens up then closes down again the nozzle will always track the inner diameter,” he explained. “It gets the pressure onto the scale, which effectively removes the scale, so there’s no other system which can actually change with the diameter and follow the inner track of the wellbore.” Hamill added: “We’ve done initial concept test

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Wood Bags Gippsland Basin Maintenance Deal

John Wood Group PLC has been contracted to deliver long-term maintenance solutions for Esso Australia-operated onshore and offshore assets in the Gippsland Basin, Victoria. Under the agreement, Wood will provide maintenance services and shutdown support to optimize the operational performance of the Gippsland Basin Joint Venture’s offshore assets in the Bass Strait and the Longford and Long Island Point facilities, Wood said in a media release. The Gippsland Basin Joint Venture is a 50-50 joint venture between operator Esso Australia Resources Pty. Ltd. and Woodside Energy Pty. Ltd., Wood said. The Bass Strait is the largest single source of natural gas for the Australian market and supplies approximately 40 percent of the country’s east coast demand, Wood noted. The contract, secured through a competitive tender process, commences in January 2025. “We are proud to be trusted by Esso Australia as their maintenance partner in the Gippsland Basin, operating assets and facilities critical to the country’s energy security”, Ken Gilmartin, CEO of Wood, said. “Wood is a market leader in integrated operations and maintenance solutions with a growing portfolio in Australia as we bring our expertise to an expanding client base”. Wood recently secured a five-year contract renewal to continue delivering brownfield engineering, procurement, and construction solutions across the same Gippsland Basin assets. To contact the author, email [email protected] What do you think? We’d love to hear from you, join the conversation on the Rigzone Energy Network. The Rigzone Energy Network is a new social experience created for you and all energy professionals to Speak Up about our industry, share knowledge, connect with peers and industry insiders and engage in a professional community that will empower your career in energy. MORE FROM THIS AUTHOR

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OGDCL Ups Pasakhi-7 Well Production, Starts Up Chak 212-1 Well

Pakistani exploration and production company Oil & Gas Development Co. Ltd. (OGDCL) has increased production volumes at the Pasakhi-7 well, in the District of Hyderabad, Sindh. The well is part of the Pasakhi Development and Production Lease, where it holds a 100 percent working interest. “As part of its optimization efforts, OGDCL deployed a rig to replace the tubing and re-complete the well using an artificial lift system (Jet Pump)”, OGDCL said in a regulatory filing. Furthermore, OGDCL said it has introduced Multiphysio Chemical Stimulation technology, marking its first use in the Southern Region. With the enhancement measures implemented, OGDCL said the production at the Pasakhi-7 well jumped from 375 barrels per day (bpd) to 520 bpd, a 145 bpd increase. Additionally, OGDCL said it has started production at the Chak 212-1 well in the Rahim Yar Khan District of Punjab Province, where OGDCL holds a 100 percent working interest. It is the company’s first discovery in the Mari East Block. “Following the laying of a 4”-14.5 km (9 miles) flow line from the well site to the Maru-1 facility, gas from Chak 212-1 is now being supplied to M/s Engro Fertilizer. Currently, 2 million standard cubic feet per day (MMscfd) gas is being supplied”, the company said. Earlier OGDCL started production at the Kharo-1 well in the Khewari Block in the Khaipur District, Sindh Province. OGDCL holds a 95 percent working interest in the block while Government Holding Pvt. Ltd. holds the remaining 5 percent. The well, according to the company, is producing 20 bpd of oil and 5 MMscfd of gas. It has been connected to the OGDCL Sinjhoro processing plant, which integrates the gas into the Sui Southern Gas Company Ltd. network. To contact the author, email [email protected] WHAT DO YOU THINK? Generated by readers, the comments included

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Trump executive orders halt wind development, declare energy emergency

Dive Brief: President Donald Trump began his second term Monday with a bevy of executive orders, including one that temporarily withdraws all federal waters from consideration for offshore wind leasing, and pauses permitting, approvals and loans for all onshore and offshore wind projects. The administration’s pick for Secretary of the Interior, former North Dakota governor Doug Burgum, will lead a comprehensive assessment of federal wind leasing and permitting practices, the order said. Trump’s order cites “various alleged legal deficiencies underlying” the federal government’s leasing and permitting of wind projects, and concerns that the projects could lead to “negative impacts on navigational safety interests, transportation interests, national security interests, commercial interests, and marine mammals.” Trump also issued Monday executive orders that declared an energy emergency and a regulatory freeze. Dive Insight: While Trump has been a staunch critic of both onshore and offshore wind generation, North Dakota became a national leader in onshore wind generation under Burgum, who took office as governor in 2016. Wind power generation more than doubled in the state from 2015 to 2023, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, and currently provides 36% of the state’s electricity. “This withdrawal shall go into effect beginning on January 21, 2025, and shall remain in effect until this Presidential Memorandum is revoked,” the order said. Offshore wind critic Rep. Jeff Van Drew, R-N.J. said last week that Trump asked him to draft this executive order, and that the pause would last for six months, according to reporting from AP News. In a Monday release, American Clean Power Association CEO Jason Grumet said that the group “strongly supports President Trump’s effort to reform the permitting process to speed the development of all forms of domestic energy production.” “President Trump is correct that absent significant changes in energy policy, our nation will not

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US GPU export limits could bring cold war to AI, data center markets

Eighteen countries, including the UK, Canada, Sweden, France, Germany, Japan, and South Korea, are exempted from the AI export caps. The Biden administration had previously banned the export of some powerful AI chips to China, Russia, and other adversaries in rules from 2022 and 2023. But other countries friendly to the US, including Mexico, Israel, India, and Saudi Arabia, would be subject to the quotas. The export limits would take effect 120 days from the Jan. 13 order, and it’s unclear whether the incoming Trump administration will amend or rewrite the rule, although Trump has targeted China as a primary economic competitor of the US. The cost of AI In addition to cutting off most of the world from large AI chip purchases, the rule will force countries such as China and Russia to pump up their own AI capabilities, ultimately reducing US AI leadership, claims Aible’s Sengupta.

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Sustainability, grid demands, AI workloads will challenge data center growth in 2025

Cloud training for AI models Uptime believes that most AI models will be trained in the cloud rather than on dedicated enterprise infrastructure, as cloud services provide a more cost-effective way to fine-tune foundation models for specific use cases. The incremental training required to fine-tune a foundation model can be done cost-effectively on cloud platforms without the need for a large, expensive on-premises cluster. Enterprises can leverage on-demand cloud resources to customize the foundation model as needed, without investing the capital and operational costs of dedicated hardware. “Because fine-tuning requires only a relatively small amount of training, for many it just wouldn’t make sense to buy a huge, expensive dedicated AI cluster for this purpose. The foundation model, which has already been trained by someone else, has taken the burden of most of the training away from us,” said Dr. Owen Rogers, research director for cloud computing at Uptime. “Instead, we could just use on-demand cloud services to tweak the foundation model for our needs, only paying for the resources we need for as long as we need them.” Data center collaboration with utilities Uptime expects new and expanded data center developers will be asked to provide or store power to support grids. That means data centers will need to actively collaborate with utilities to manage grid demand and stability, potentially shedding load or using local power sources during peak times. Uptime forecasts that data center operators “running non-latency-sensitive workloads, such as specific AI training tasks, could be financially incentivized or mandated to reduce power use when required.” “The context for all of this is that the [power] grid, even if there were no data centers, would have a problem meeting demand over time. They’re having to invest at a rate that is historically off the charts. It’s not just

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UK Government’s Bold AI Plan: A Game-Changer for Data Centers and Economic Growth?

The UK government has presently announced its comprehensive “AI Opportunities Action Plan,” positioning artificial intelligence as a cornerstone for economic growth and public service transformation over the next decade. The bold initiative, spearheaded by Prime Minister Keir Starmer, aims to make Britain a global leader in AI development and adoption, with significant implications for the data center industry.   Britain’s ambitious AI roadmap taps into the growing synergy between artificial intelligence and data infrastructure. With dedicated AI Growth Zones and a focus on sustainable energy, the UK is setting the stage for an AI-driven economy that aligns with the next generation of data center demands. The data center industry should watch these developments closely, as they signal opportunities for long-term growth in a rapidly evolving market.   AI Infrastructure Prioritization Meets Major Private Sector Investments    The UK government plan introduces “AI Growth Zones,” areas designed to streamline planning approvals for data centers and enhance access to energy infrastructure.  These zones will focus on de-industrialized regions, providing a dual benefit of revitalizing local economies and accelerating the rollout of AI infrastructure. The first such zone will be established in Culham, Oxfordshire, leveraging local expertise in sustainable energy research, including fusion technologies.   Leading tech firms, including Vantage Data Centers, Nscale, and Kyndryl, have committed £14 billion to AI infrastructure development under the plan, creating 13,250 jobs across the UK, according to a press release.  Vantage Data Centers alone plans to invest over £12 billion to establish one of Europe’s largest campuses in Wales and additional facilities nationwide, generating 11,500 jobs.   Plan Harnesses AI for Both Public, Private Sectors  A significant component of the plan is a proposed 20x increase in public compute capacity by 2030, starting with the development of a new supercomputer to support AI innovation. Alongside this supercharging of

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Prologis and Skybox Advance Warehouse Conversion Strategy with Illinois Data Center Sale

Prologis, among the global leaders in industrial real estate, has taken another major step into the data center market with the sale of a newly developed turnkey data center in Illinois. With the deal for the sale announced last December, partnering with Skybox Datacenters, Prologis had initially converted one of its existing warehouses into a 32 megawatt (MW) facility, demonstrating as far back as 2021 the growing appeal of adaptive reuse for digital infrastructure. As reported by Data Center Dynamics’ Dan Swinhoe: “Skybox said the facility was located in the Elk Grove village area of the city. Images shared by Skybox and Prologis suggest it was Chicago 1, the data center the two companies completed in early 2022 […] DCD reached out for more information. Prologis confirmed Chicago 1 has been sold; the powered shell has been completed, with the turnkey development is in process. The facility spans 190,000 sq ft on a ten-acre site.” The converted facility’s buyer, HMC Capital, sees this acquisition as a marquee asset for its newly launched DigiCo Infrastructure REIT, which targets high-quality data center investments across the United States and Australia. The deal highlights the rapid evolution of Prologis’ data center strategy and the increasing convergence of industrial real estate and digital infrastructure. Prologis’ Growing Presence in Data Centers Prologis is no stranger to data center development, having been featured in prior DCF coverage for its strategic moves into the rapidly burgeoning sector. The Illinois project reflects Prologis’ focus on unlocking higher-value uses for its vast portfolio of warehouses.  According to Dan Letter, President of Prologis, “Warehouse conversions in key markets offer a compelling growth opportunity while delivering outsized returns to our investors and meeting customer demand for digital infrastructure.” To support this strategy, Prologis has aggressively scaled its power procurement capabilities, securing 1.6

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President Biden’s Executive Order on AI Data Center Construction: Summary and Commentary

Issued this week, President Biden’s “Executive Order on Advancing United States Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure” represents a transformative policy moment for the data center industry if implemented, underscoring the convergence of two equally transformative forces: the AI revolution and the clean energy transition. For the data center industry, the policy marks a clear shift toward a strategic, mission-critical role in national security and economic resilience. The Executive Order’s vision also aligns with definitively emerging trends in the contemporary data center industry, particularly the pivot toward sustainability and energy efficiency. The policy’s emphasis on clean energy infrastructure—whether through nuclear, geothermal, or long-duration storage—addresses the industry’s growing focus on renewable power. However, executing this vision will require massive investments in grid modernization and streamlined permitting processes, which have historically been bottlenecks for large-scale infrastructure projects. The directive to align new AI electricity demands with clean energy sources puts a spotlight on the challenges posed by AI’s computational intensity. Hyperscale operators and colocation providers will need to redouble their rethinking of power procurement strategies, with a renewed focus on distributed energy resources and partnerships with utility providers. Additionally, the Executive Order’s call for high labor standards and community engagement reflects growing federal acknowledgment of data centers’ societal footprint. While the industry has made strides in community outreach, such measures ensure data center developments are not just sustainable but also equitable, creating jobs and fostering goodwill in the communities where they operate. For what it explicitly defines as “frontier AI data centers,” the Executive Order also seeks to provide a regulatory framework to streamline development, while ensuring robust cybersecurity and supply chain integrity. Importantly though, balancing the urgency of AI infrastructure development with the complex demands of energy transition and national security will require unprecedented levels of public-private collaboration. The Executive Order apparently isn’t just

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Edged Data Centers Builds for the Future On Heels of Innovative Nuclear Power Partnership

MERLIN Properties and Edged Energy to Build Gigawatt-Scale AI Data Center Campuses in Spain To wit, in a furtherance of its groundbreaking partnership in Europe, MERLIN Properties and Edged Energy are collaborating with the regional government of Extremadura, Spain, to establish two state-of-the-art data center campuses. These facilities, designed to support the burgeoning demand for generative AI and advanced computing, promise to set new standards for sustainability and efficiency in the data center industry. A Vision for Sustainability and Growth in Extremadura The data centers, located in Navalmoral de la Mata (Cáceres Province) and Valdecaballeros (Badajoz Province), will each deliver up to 1 GW of IT capacity. Featuring industry-leading innovations, the campuses will boast an average PUE of 1.15, ensuring ultra-efficient operations. Edged says the project represents a significant leap forward in green data center development, aligning with Extremadura’s commitment to leveraging innovation and technology for economic and environmental progress. “Our mission is to create data centers for positive impact, and we are proud to contribute to the Iberian Peninsula’s growing digital economy,” said Jakob Carnemark, CEO of Edged Energy. “The region offers unprecedented fiber connectivity with massive submarine connections worldwide and boasts reliable, abundant, and low-cost renewable energy.” Harnessing Renewable Energy and Cutting-Edge Cooling Technology The Extremadura facilities will operate entirely on electricity from renewable sources, capitalizing on the region’s vast sustainable energy capacity. Extremadura currently produces six times the electricity it consumes, making it an ideal location for gigawatt-scale data centers. The project’s waterless cooling system, ThermalWorks, will enable the facilities to operate without consuming water, a critical innovation for such regions with limited water resources. The system will support ultra-high rack densities of up to 200kW per rack to accommodate the advanced computing demands of AI workloads. Strategic Location and Connectivity The Iberian Peninsula is rapidly becoming

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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