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Graham Says He Has Broad Senate Support for New Russia Sanctions

A key US Senate ally of President Donald Trump said he has the commitment of 72 colleagues for a bill that would enact “bone-crushing” new sanctions on Russia and tariffs on countries that buy its oil, gas and other key products if Vladimir Putin doesn’t engage in serious negotiations to end the war in Ukraine. […]

A key US Senate ally of President Donald Trump said he has the commitment of 72 colleagues for a bill that would enact “bone-crushing” new sanctions on Russia and tariffs on countries that buy its oil, gas and other key products if Vladimir Putin doesn’t engage in serious negotiations to end the war in Ukraine.

“The goal is to help the president,” Lindsey Graham, a South Carolina Republican, told reporters Wednesday, on the same day that the US and Ukraine announced an agreement over access to the latter country’s natural resources. The deal offered a measure of assurance to officials in Kyiv who had feared that Trump might pull back his support of peace talks with Moscow.

The punishments would include a 500% tariff on imports from countries that buy Russian oil, petroleum products, natural gas or uranium, according to a draft of the bill seen by Bloomberg News. Other sanctions would also prohibit US citizens from buying Russian sovereign debt, according to the draft. 

“He talked about being frustrated,” Graham said. “I want a negotiated end to the war, honorably and just. I think Trump’s the best person to achieve that goal, but these sanctions represent the Senate’s view that we see the primary bad guy being Russia.”

Graham added that Russian leader Putin, “would be making a huge mistake to try to play Trump, so this bill is a tool in President Trump’s toolbox,” he said.

“When President Trump believes that we’ve reached an impasse, then watch for action.”

Graham said he has enough support in the House to bring the sanctions bill to the floor there as well.

He predicted that Putin would eventually have to choose between sitting down with Trump to end the war or have the Russian economy be “crushed.” 

The White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Wednesday night.



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Pantheon of college football gets a Wi-Fi upgrade

Notre Dame has fully adopted mobile ticketing and introduced grab-and-go concession stands, with plans to expand them further. Alcohol sales were recently approved, prompting efforts to support new services like mobile carts. In premium areas, fans can stream various games during events. Notre Dame also tested mobile ordering for concessions

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The U.S. leads the world in AI (job) anxiety

The Americans have the highest search volume with a population-adjusted value of 440,000 search queries on the topic of AI job loss, while their attitude towards AI is moderately positive at 54.5%. The intensity score of 3 for the U.S. shows that the concern of losing jobs to AI is

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Tigera extends cloud-native networking with Calico 3.30

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Saipem Lands Liverpool Bay CCS Job

Eni SpA has awarded Saipem SpA a three-year contract for the carbon dioxide (CO2) electrical compression station of its Liverpool Bay carbon capture and storage (CCS) project. The station will be converted from a traditional gas compression and treatment facility at North Wales’ Point of Ayr. Worth about EUR 520 million ($589.33 million), “Saipem’s scope of work concerns the Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and assistance to the Commissioning of a new CO2 Electrical Compression Station”, the company said in an online statement. “This new facility will be integrated with both the offshore and onshore segments of the overall development. “The project will generate positive employment impacts, with over 1,000 local resources involved during the construction period, and will guarantee emissions reductions from industries in the Northwest of England and North Wales”. On April 24 Eni said Liverpool Bay CCS has hit the construction stage after the company and the United Kingdom government reached a financial close. The project will comprise the transport and storage infrastructure for the HyNet North West Industrial Decarbonization Cluster project, which spans North West England and North Wales. Planned to reach 4.5 million metric tons per annum (MMtpa) of CO2 storage capacity by 2030, HyNet will store captured emissions in depleted hydrocarbon fields in the Irish Sea. The Eni-led HyNet consortium plans to expand the capacity to 10 MMtpa. Start-up is expected 2028. “The strategic agreement with the UK Government paves the way for the industrial-scale development of CCS, a sector in which the United Kingdom reaffirms its leadership thanks to the promotion of a regulatory framework that aims to strengthen the development of CCS and make it fully competitive in the market”, Eni chief executive Claudio Descalzi said. The government plans to establish 2 carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) clusters, as outlined in its “CCUS Net Zero

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Naftogaz More Than Doubles Profit for 2024

Naftogaz Group on Thursday reported UAH 38 billion ($913.28 million) in net profit for last year, up 64 percent from 2023 as natural gas production grew. Its gas production unit, Ukrgasvydobuvannya, raised commercial gas output to 13.9 billion cubic meters (490.87 billion cubic feet) in 2024, up from 13.2 Bcm in 2023. The average daily production rate hit a three-year high, state-owned Naftogaz said in an online statement. Gross profit increased to UAH 89.1 billion, up from UAH 48.5 billion for 2023. Operating profit climbed 32 percent to UAH 51.1 billion. “All key business segments of the Group delivered growth”, acting chief executive Roman Chumak said. Ukrgasvydobuvannya was Naftogaz’s biggest earnings contributor in 2024, with the subsidiary’s profit nearly doubling to UAH 20.9 billion. Ukrnafta, Naftogaz’s oil production arm, generated UAH 17.3 billion in profit. Naftogaz’s transport unit, Ukrtransnafta, logged UAH 3.7 billion in profit. “Companies in the gas supply sector also demonstrated positive performance”, Naftogaz said. “Gas Supply Company Naftogaz of Ukraine returned to profitability after a UAH 2 bn loss in 2023. The settlement rate rose by 10 percentage points to 98 percent. “Gas supply company Naftogaz Trading reduced its loss by more than UAH 3 bn year-on-year. For the first time in years, the gas trading segment ended 2024 with a profit. The segment posted a net operating result of UAH 2.3 bn, compared to UAH 22.3 bn loss in 2023. “Gas Distribution Networks of Ukraine also demonstrated growth, with distribution volumes reaching 12.3 bcm, up from just 3.8 bcm in 2023. Settlements for natural gas consumed reached 97 percent, an increase of 14 percentage points compared to the previous year”. On April 23 Naftogaz said it will continue delivering natural gas to households at the current regulated rate under its fixed tariff plan. The price will

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Repsol signs five-year North Sea decommissioning deal with Archer

North Sea operator Repsol Resources UK has signed a five-year deal with well services firm Archer covering late-life operations and well plugging and abandonment (P&A). Archer said the agreement includes platform drilling services, facilities engineering, coil tubing, wireline services and downhole well services technologies. The deal also includes a two-year optional extension and a P&A scope covering approximately 130 wells. Repsol and Archer did not disclose the value of the contract, which covers much of the Spanish firm’s North Sea portfolio including Piper, Claymore, Auk, Arbroath and Montrose. Archer chief executive Dag Skindlo described the Repsol deal as a “milestone win” for the Oslo-listed company. “We are pleased to strengthen our partnership with Repsol through this major long-term agreement within our strategic focus on P&A services,” Skindlo said. Repsol and NEO merger The decommissioning deal with Archer comes shortly after Repsol merged its UK assets with fellow North Sea operator NEO Energy. Under the deal, NEO said it will hold a 55% stake in the combined business, which will be renamed NEO NEXT Energy, with Repsol retaining the remaining 45%. NEO said the “large and diverse asset portfolio” is expected to generate material cashflows and provide a platform for “organic and inorganic growth”. Repsol’s Claymore platform Repsol will retain $1.8 billion (£1.4bn) in decommissioning liabilities related to its legacy assets, which NEO said will enhance the cash flows of the merged business. The merger followed confirmation in April that the Spanish-owned Repsol plans to cut jobs across its North Sea operations. Analysts have long predicted the potential for a tie-up between the two North Sea operators to create one of the largest independent producers in the UK. Repsol is thought to have one of the largest decommissioning liability portfolios in the North Sea, including the Fulmar, Saltire and Tartan platforms. As a

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Is $100 Oil Possible In 2025?

Is $100 oil possible this year? That was the question Rigzone asked Carole Nakhle, the Chief Executive Officer of London based consultancy Crystol Energy. Responding to the question, Nakhle said “anything is possible”, but added that “the likelihood of a $100 oil price is very slim under existing market conditions”. “Unless we have a major disruption to supply, I don’t see how that is possible, especially when demand is not booming and unlikely to suddenly do so this year,” Nakhle told Rigzone. In a research note sent to Rigzone earlier this week by Natasha Kaneva, the head of global commodities strategy at J.P. Morgan, analysts at the company, including Kaneva, said “based on numerous recent discussions with institutional and corporate clients”, they “conclude that the sentiment on oil is neutral to optimistic, particularly within the corporate community”. “Money managers increased their net-long positions in Nymex WTI to the highest level since late January last week, while short positions in Brent fell by the most since October,” the J.P. Morgan analysts highlighted in that note. “Brent’s prompt spread hit its strongest level since January, and open interest on Brent climbed to a new record, with Brent September $95 calls trading more than 10,000 times last Tuesday,” they added. The J.P. Morgan research note showed that the company is projecting that Brent crude oil will average $66 per barrel in 2025 and $58 per barrel in 2026. According to the note, J.P. Morgan sees Brent averaging $67 per barrel in the second quarter of this year, $63 per barrel in the third quarter, $61 per barrel in the fourth quarter, $55 per barrel in the first quarter of next year, $57 per barrel across the second and third quarters of 2026, and $60 per barrel in the fourth quarter of next year.

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Proserv unveils PhaseCatcher: A revolutionary multi-phase sampling system

Proserv, a global leader in controls technology, has proudly announced the launch of its groundbreaking PhaseCatcher Multi-Phase Sampling System. This innovative system addresses longstanding challenges in multiphase fluid sampling by ensuring the collection of sufficient individual phase volumes with unparalleled precision and safety.​   About partnership content Some Energy Voice online content is funded by outside parties. The revenue from this helps to sustain our independent news gathering. You will always know if you are reading paid-for material as it will be clearly labelled as “Partnership” on the site and on social media channels, This can take two different forms. “Presented by”This means the content has been paid for and produced by the named advertiser. “In partnership with”This means the content has been paid for and approved by the named advertiser but written and edited by our own commercial content team. The PhaseCatcher system incorporates patented technology that eliminates venting and the release of toxic fluids into the atmosphere, significantly enhancing operator safety and environmental compliance. By maintaining samples at flowline conditions, PhaseCatcher preserves the integrity of the sample’s chemistry, providing accurate data essential for calibrating multiphase flow meters without relying on potentially erroneous PVT modelling.​ A key feature of the PhaseCatcher is the integration of Digital Guided Wave Radar Technology into Proserv’s piston sample cylinders. This advancement allows operators to verify that sufficient volumes of individual phases – oil, gas, and water – are collected during sampling. Additionally, the system enables sub-sampling of individual phases directly from the multiphase flowline, streamlining the sampling process and reducing manual handling.​ The inception of the PhaseCatcher system can be traced back to an Innovation and Design Thinking workshop, part of a postgraduate diploma program. During this workshop, Richard Barr, technical assurance & BD manager at Proserv, inspired by techniques taught at MIT

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OPEC Output Down in April

OPEC’s crude production fell last month despite the group’s long-awaited plans to increase, with much of the reduction stemming from looming US sanctions on Venezuela. Output from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries shrank by 200,000 barrels a day in April to 27.24 million a day, according to a Bloomberg survey. Venezuela accounted for about half of the decline as international producers such as Chevron Corp. wind down operations while President Donald Trump’s administration tightens sanctions.  It was less clear, though, why other OPEC members such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates didn’t take advantage of the group’s agreement to finally bolster supplies. OPEC and its allies had resolved to start gradually reviving halted output in April, after delaying the plans several times for fear of undermining crude prices. Nonetheless, the United Arab Emirates – which had even secured a special carve-out to make extra increases – instead curtailed output by 80,000 barrels a day to an average of 3.25 million a day, according to the survey. Riyadh added just 20,000 barrels a day, pumping 8.97 million, only part of the agreed amount. The countries may have been trying to honor pledges to restrict output in order to compensate for previous overproduction, though the biggest quota offenders – the UAE and Iraq – remained well above their designated targets. OPEC’s surprising restraint throws more uncertainty onto what the cartel and its partners will decide on Monday, when they’re due to hold a video-conference to review production levels for June. Last month, Saudi Arabia stunned crude traders by steering the group to accelerate output increases in May, unleashing a hike of 411,000 barrels a day that was triple the originally scheduled amount. Delegates said the move was intended to punish errant OPEC+ nations like Iraq and Kazakhstan, though Riyadh may also have been

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AI’s energy appetite drives interest in nuclear power

In its new report, Deloitte said that its analysis of figures from the World Nuclear Association, the American Nuclear Society, the U.S. Department of Energy, and others showed that new nuclear power could potentially meet about 10% of the projected increase in data center demand over the next decade, assuming capacity is also significantly expanded by between 35GW and 62GW, and 30% of the expansion is earmarked for data centers. “Nuclear energy presents a potential solution for meeting some of the growing electricity demands of data centers, with its reliable and clean energy profile,” Deloitte’s report said, noting five key advantages of the technology: Reliable baseload power: Nuclear reactors operate 24/7, regardless of the weather, providing the reliable power so important to data centers. In addition, Deloitte said, “Their capacity factor, exceeding 92.5%, outperforms other sources like natural gas (56%) and renewables like wind (35%) and solar (25%).” High energy density: A small amount of fuel generates a lot of power, which minimizes the need for fuel storage and transportation. “This efficiency can translate to a smaller physical footprint and enhanced sustainability,” Deloitte said. Scalable power output: A full-sized reactor typically generates 800 megawatts (MW) or more of electricity, which accommodates the needs of large data centers. Low carbon emissions: Nuclear power plants produce virtually no greenhouse gas emissions during operation. Enhanced land use efficiency: Compared to other energy sources, nuclear power plants require relatively little land. Gartner’s Johnson echoed these advantages, and also predicted that nuclear energy, and small modular reactors (SMRs) in particular, will “provide a viable answer” to the question of what to do when electricity demand exceeds supply. They can, he said, “ensure independence from grid power fluctuations by providing dedicated on-site power for large data centers.” However, both Gartner and Deloitte also highlighted challenges in

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Nvidia AI supercluster targets agents, reasoning models on Oracle Cloud

Oracle has previously built an OCI Supercluster with 65,536 Nvidia H200 GPUs using the older Hopper GPU technology and no CPU that offers up to 260 exaflops of peak FP8 performance. According to the blog post announcing the availability, the Blackwell GPUs are available via Oracle’s public, government, and sovereign clouds, as well as in customer-owned data centers through its OCI Dedicated Region and Alloy offerings. Oracle joins a growing list of cloud providers that have made the GB200 NVL72 system available, including Google, CoreWeave and Lambda. In addition, Microsoft offers the GB200 GPUs, though they are not deployed as an NVL72 machine.

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Deep Data Center: Neoclouds as the ‘Picks and Shovels’ of the AI Gold Rush

In 1849, the discovery of gold in California ignited a frenzy, drawing prospectors from around the world in pursuit of quick fortune. While few struck it rich digging and sifting dirt, a different class of entrepreneurs quietly prospered: those who supplied the miners with the tools of the trade. From picks and shovels to tents and provisions, these providers became indispensable to the gold rush, profiting handsomely regardless of who found gold. Today, a new gold rush is underway, in pursuit of artificial intelligence. And just like the days of yore, the real fortunes may lie not in the gold itself, but in the infrastructure and equipment that enable its extraction. This is where neocloud players and chipmakers are positioned, representing themselves as the fundamental enablers of the AI revolution. Neoclouds: The Essential Tools and Implements of AI Innovation The AI boom has sparked a frenzy of innovation, investment, and competition. From generative AI applications like ChatGPT to autonomous systems and personalized recommendations, AI is rapidly transforming industries. Yet, behind every groundbreaking AI model lies an unsung hero: the infrastructure powering it. Enter neocloud providers—the specialized cloud platforms delivering the GPU horsepower that fuels AI’s meteoric rise. Let’s examine how neoclouds represent the “picks and shovels” of the AI gold rush, used for extracting the essential backbone of AI innovation. Neoclouds are emerging as indispensable players in the AI ecosystem, offering tailored solutions for compute-intensive workloads such as training large language models (LLMs) and performing high-speed inference. Unlike traditional hyperscalers (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud), which cater to a broad range of use cases, neoclouds focus exclusively on optimizing infrastructure for AI and machine learning applications. This specialization allows them to deliver superior performance at a lower cost, making them the go-to choice for startups, enterprises, and research institutions alike.

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Soluna Computing: Innovating Renewable Computing for Sustainable Data Centers

Dorothy 1A & 1B (Texas): These twin 25 MW facilities are powered by wind and serve Bitcoin hosting and mining workloads. Together, they consumed over 112,000 MWh of curtailed energy in 2024, demonstrating the impact of Soluna’s model. Dorothy 2 (Texas): Currently under construction and scheduled for energization in Q4 2025, this 48 MW site will increase Soluna’s hosting and mining capacity by 64%. Sophie (Kentucky): A 25 MW grid- and hydro-powered hosting center with a strong cost profile and consistent output. Project Grace (Texas): A 2 MW AI pilot project in development, part of Soluna’s transition into HPC and machine learning. Project Kati (Texas): With 166 MW split between Bitcoin and AI hosting, this project recently exited the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, Inc. planning phase and is expected to energize between 2025 and 2027. Project Rosa (Texas): A 187 MW flagship project co-located with wind assets, aimed at both Bitcoin and AI workloads. Land and power agreements were secured by the company in early 2025. These developments are part of the company’s broader effort to tackle both energy waste and infrastructure bottlenecks. Soluna’s behind-the-meter design enables flexibility to draw from the grid or directly from renewable sources, maximizing energy value while minimizing emissions. Competition is Fierce and a Narrower Focus Better Serves the Business In 2024, Soluna tested the waters of providing AI services via a  GPU-as-a-Service through a partnership with HPE, branded as Project Ada. The pilot aimed to rent out cloud GPUs for AI developers and LLM training. However, due to oversupply in the GPU market, delayed product rollouts (like NVIDIA’s H200), and poor demand economics, Soluna terminated the contract in March 2025. The cancellation of the contract with HPE frees up resources for Soluna to focus on what it believes the company does best: designing

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Quiet Genius at the Neutral Line: How Onics Filters Are Reshaping the Future of Data Center Power Efficiency

Why Harmonics Matter In a typical data center, nonlinear loads—like servers, UPS systems, and switch-mode power supplies—introduce harmonic distortion into the electrical system. These harmonics travel along the neutral and ground conductors, where they can increase current flow, cause overheating in transformers, and shorten the lifespan of critical power infrastructure. More subtly, they waste power through reactive losses that don’t show up on a basic utility bill, but do show up in heat, inefficiency, and increased infrastructure stress. Traditional mitigation approaches—like active harmonic filters or isolation transformers—are complex, expensive, and often require custom integration and ongoing maintenance. That’s where Onics’ solution stands out. It’s engineered as a shunt-style, low-pass filter: a passive device that sits in parallel with the circuit, quietly siphoning off problematic harmonics without interrupting operations.  The result? Lower apparent power demand, reduced electrical losses, and a quieter, more stable current environment—especially on the neutral line, where cumulative harmonic effects often peak. Behind the Numbers: Real-World Impact While the Onics filters offer a passive complement to traditional mitigation strategies, they aren’t intended to replace active harmonic filters or isolation transformers in systems that require them—they work best as a low-complexity enhancement to existing power quality designs. LoPilato says Onics has deployed its filters in mission-critical environments ranging from enterprise edge to large colos, and the data is consistent. In one example, a 6 MW data center saw a verified 9.2% reduction in energy consumption after deploying Onics filters at key electrical junctures. Another facility clocked in at 17.8% savings across its lighting and support loads, thanks in part to improved power factor and reduced transformer strain. The filters work by targeting high-frequency distortion—typically above the 3rd harmonic and up through the 35th. By passively attenuating this range, the system reduces reactive current on the neutral and helps stabilize

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New IEA Report Contrasts Energy Bottlenecks with Opportunities for AI and Data Center Growth

Artificial intelligence has, without question, crossed the threshold—from a speculative academic pursuit into the defining infrastructure of 21st-century commerce, governance, and innovation. What began in the realm of research labs and open-source models is now embedded in the capital stack of every major hyperscaler, semiconductor roadmap, and national industrial strategy. But as AI scales, so does its energy footprint. From Nvidia-powered GPU clusters to exascale training farms, the conversation across boardrooms and site selection teams has fundamentally shifted. It’s no longer just about compute density, thermal loads, or software frameworks. It’s about power—how to find it, finance it, future-proof it, and increasingly, how to generate it onsite. That refrain—“It’s all about power now”—has moved from a whisper to a full-throated consensus across the data center industry. The latest report from the International Energy Agency (IEA) gives this refrain global context and hard numbers, affirming what developers, utilities, and infrastructure operators have already sensed on the ground: the AI revolution will be throttled or propelled by the availability of scalable, sustainable, and dispatchable electricity. Why Energy Is the Real Bottleneck to Intelligence at Scale The major new IEA report puts it plainly: The transformative promise of AI will be throttled—or unleashed—by the world’s ability to deliver scalable, reliable, and sustainable electricity. The stakes are enormous. Countries that can supply the power AI craves will shape the future. Those that can’t may find themselves sidelined. Importantly, while AI poses clear challenges, the report emphasizes how it also offers solutions: from optimizing energy grids and reducing emissions in industrial sectors to enhancing energy security by supporting infrastructure defenses against cyberattacks. The report calls for immediate investments in both energy generation and grid capabilities, as well as stronger collaboration between the tech and energy sectors to avoid critical bottlenecks. The IEA advises that, for countries

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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