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Graviton progress: 50% of new AWS instances run on Amazon custom silicon

Graviton’s success could impact Ampere, which makes Arm-based processors for both the enterprise and the cloud. Ampere is challenged in that all the hyperscale cloud providers – AWS, Microsoft, Google, and Meta – are making their own custom chips rather than using a third-party processor. But the challenge of getting Arm into enterprise data centers […]

Graviton’s success could impact Ampere, which makes Arm-based processors for both the enterprise and the cloud. Ampere is challenged in that all the hyperscale cloud providers – AWS, Microsoft, Google, and Meta – are making their own custom chips rather than using a third-party processor.

But the challenge of getting Arm into enterprise data centers lies in all the legacy code. There are a lot of homegrown and packaged applications written for x86 processors that are not available for Arm, which will lead some enterprises to stick with x86 infrastructure.

Since its introduction in 2018, Graviton has gone through four generations, which is a considerable pace for a company with no silicon design experience.

In July 2024, AWS announced the launch of its fourth-generation Graviton CPU, touting its energy efficiency and high performance for cloud workloads. Graviton4 offers a significant performance upgrade over Graviton3, with 30% better computing power, 50% more cores and 75% more memory bandwidth. The new Graviton4 instances, called R8g, support up to 8GB of memory per virtual processor and up to 192 processors.

Other hyperscalers have also been able to jumpstart Arm projects.

Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and Nvidia have quickly brought their respective enterprise efforts to market thanks to a custom compute subsystem from Arm called Arm CSS, which helps partners by providing extra subsystems like memory and interconnections. The hyperscalers then differentiate their designs from the competition by using different networking and security protocols, among other things.

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F5 to acquire CalypsoAI for advanced AI security capabilities

CalypsoAI’s platform creates what the company calls an Inference Perimeter that protects across models, vendors, and environments. The offers several products including Inference Red Team, Inference Defend, and Inference Observe, which deliver adversarial testing, threat detection and prevention, and enterprise oversight, respectively, among other capabilities. CalypsoAI says its platform proactively

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HomeLM: A foundation model for ambient AI

Capabilities of a HomeLM What makes a foundation model like HomeLM powerful is its ability to learn generalizable representations of sensor streams, allowing them to be reused, recombined and adapted across diverse tasks. This fundamentally differs from traditional signal processing and machine learning pipelines in RF sensing, which are typically

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Cisco’s Splunk embeds agentic AI into security and observability products

AI-powered observability enhancements Cisco also announced it has updated Splunk Observability to use Cisco AgenticOps, which deploys AI agents to automate telemetry collection, detect issues, identify root causes, and apply fixes. The agentic AI updates help enterprise customers automate incident detection, root-cause analysis, and routine fixes. “We are making sure

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Baker Hughes Liquefaction Tech Picked for Rio Grande LNG Train 4

Baker Hughes Co has secured a contract from Bechtel Energy Inc to deliver the main liquefaction equipment for the fourth train of NextDecade Corp’s Rio Grande liquefied natural gas (LNG) project located at the Port of Brownsville, Texas. The new contract adds to the previous framework agreement under which Baker Hughes will deliver gas turbine and refrigerant compressor technology and contractual services agreements for Trains 4 to 8, Baker Hughes said in a media release. Baker Hughes said Train 4 will replicate technology solutions provided for the first three LNG trains. The Train 4 order consists of two Frame 7 gas turbines, recognized for their established reliability and energy efficiency, along with six centrifugal compressors, Baker Hughes said. These cutting-edge solutions provide enhanced efficiency and reduced emissions, facilitating an extra LNG capacity of around 6 million tons per annum (MTPA), Baker Hughes said. “Our selection of Baker Hughes again for the Rio Grande LNG project is a testament to its reliable technology and expertise”, Bhupesh Thakkar, Bechtel’s general manager for LNG, said. “Their equipment has consistently supported the successful development of this critical infrastructure, and we look forward to their continued contribution to the project expansion”. The Rio Grande LNG facility has approximately 48 MTPA of potential liquefaction capacity under construction or in development, according to NextDecade. Train 5 is being commercialized, and Trains 6-8 are in development with permitting underway. The site can support up to 10 liquefaction trains, potentially making Rio Grande one of the largest LNG production and export facilities in the world, the developer said. To contact the author, email [email protected] WHAT DO YOU THINK? Generated by readers, the comments included herein do not reflect the views and opinions of Rigzone. All comments are subject to editorial review. Off-topic, inappropriate or insulting comments will be removed.

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Baker Hughes Secures Subsea Contract for Sakarya Gas Field

Baker Hughes Company has bagged a contract from Turkish Petroleum (TPAO) and Turkish Petroleum Offshore Technology Center (TP-OTC) to supply subsea production and intelligent completion systems for the country’s strategic Sakarya Gas Field Phase 3. Baker Hughes said in a media release that it will provide deepwater horizontal tree systems with associated subsea structures and control systems to support production at depths from 6,500 to 7,200 feet. The company’s advanced, intelligent upper and lower completions systems will provide enhanced, multizonal control of subsurface operations, it said. “The development of the Sakarya gas fields has transformed Turkiye’s energy sector, leading to a more prosperous, secure future for the country”, Amerino Gatti, executive vice president of Oilfield Services and Equipment at Baker Hughes, said. “By bringing to bear our unique combination of subsea and completions technologies alongside our operational expertise and subsurface insights, Baker Hughes, TPAO, and TP-OTC are able to collaboratively unlock these crucial hydrocarbons that will power Turkiye for decades to come”. Baker Hughes said it has partnered with TPAO and TP-OTC in the Sakarya Gas Field since the beginning of its development in 2022. In Phase 3, Baker Hughes said it will combine its completions technologies, such as the InForce HCMTM-A interval control valves, SureTREAT chemical injection valves, SureSENS QPT ELITE gauges, REACH subsurface safety valves, and the SC-XP Select Zero Loss stack-pack system, with subsea production systems to enhance engineering and operational efficiencies. The energy tech company stated that deliveries and execution supporting Sakarya Gas Field Phase 3 will commence in late 2025. To contact the author, email [email protected] WHAT DO YOU THINK? Generated by readers, the comments included herein do not reflect the views and opinions of Rigzone. All comments are subject to editorial review. Off-topic, inappropriate or insulting comments will be removed. MORE FROM THIS AUTHOR

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Glenfarne to Partner with Korea’s POSCO for Alaska LNG

Glenfarne Alaska LNG, LLC said it entered into an agreement with Korea’s POSCO International Corporation to advance a strategic partnership for the development of the Alaska LNG Project. The partnership will include steel supply, liquefied natural gas (LNG offtake), and an investment in the Alaska LNG project, Glenfarne said in a news release. The agreement defines the process for Glenfarne and POSCO to move forward on definitive agreements, which will close pending board approvals by both sides, according to the release. The agreement will also include initial terms for a 20-year heads of agreement (HoA) for 1 million metric tons per annum (mtpa) of LNG offtake on a free-on-board basis, which will be the first announced HoA for Alaska LNG, Glenfarne said. The agreement will also include initial terms for POSCO to supply a significant portion of the steel required for Alaska LNG’s 807-mile, 42-inch pressurized natural gas pipeline. The Alaska LNG pipeline will connect Southcentral Alaska and the Alaska LNG export terminal with Alaska’s vast, stranded natural gas resources on the North Slope, the company said. Alaska LNG is a joint venture between Glenfarne, majority owner and lead developer of Alaska LNG, and the state-owned Alaska Gasline Development Corporation. POSCO is the largest sales representative of Korea’s largest steel producer POSCO Group and a major Korean LNG importer, according to the release. The Alaska LNG project consists of a pipeline capable of transporting enough natural gas to meet both Alaska’s domestic needs and supply the full 20-mtpa Alaska LNG export terminal in Nikiski, Alaska, Glenfarne stated. The pipeline will be built in two independent, financially viable phases. Phase one will deliver natural gas approximately 765 miles from the North Slope to the Anchorage region, and phase two includes the Alaska LNG facility, approximately 42 miles of pipeline under Cook

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Vallourec Awarded OCTG Contract by Petrobras

Vallourec said it has been awarded a “major” contract by Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras) in a bidding process for the supply of oil country tubular goods (OCTG) products and services for its offshore operations from 2026 to 2029. The long-term agreement has the potential to generate total revenue of up to $1 billion, “representing the widest award both in volumes and revenues since Petrobras adopted the open tender strategy,” Vallourec said in a news release. The contract covers the full OCTG scope of supply for seamless pipes and VAM premium connections required for Petrobras’ offshore wells from 4.5 inches up to 18 inches, including carbon and stainless steel tubulars and associated accessories, according to the release. Under the contract, Vallourec said it will also deliver comprehensive value-add services both onshore and offshore, from desk engineering and material coordination to rig preparation, offshore supervision, rig return repairs, and re-stocking, “to support Petrobras in optimizing operational efficiency”. Vallourec Chairman and CEO Philippe Guillemot said, “This achievement is a powerful demonstration of Vallourec’s ability to meet customers’ complex and evolving requirements. It confirms the strength and consistency of our positioning, built on technical excellence, an integrated industrial presence in Brazil, and a long-standing partnership with Petrobras based on mutual trust. I would like to thank Petrobras for its renewed trust and all Vallourec teams whose commitment and expertise made this success possible”. Second-Quarter Results In the second quarter, Vallourec reported revenues of $1.01 billion (EUR 863 million), down 20 percent year over year or 15 percent at constant exchange rates. The year-over-year comparison is partially attributed to the large volume of high-value products invoiced in the previous-year quarter that did not recur, the company said in its most recent earnings release. Vallourec reported earnings of $0.19 (EUR 0.16) per diluted share, compared with

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MOL Discovers New Oil Field

In a statement posted on its website recently, MOL announced that it and O&GD have discovered a new oil field at a depth of approximately 2,400 meters (7,874 feet) near Galgahévíz, Hungary. “The Galgahévíz-4 well is capable of producing approximately 1,000 barrels of crude oil per day, which will be processed at the Danube Refinery in Százhalombatta,” MOL said in the statement, which highlighted that “O&GD and MOL share the extracted volume in a 51 percent-49 percent ratio”. The Galgahévíz-4 well contributes approximately 0.5 percent to MOL Group’s hydrocarbon production, according to the statement. “The new deposit contributes significantly to Hungary’s security of supply, as domestic production reduces import dependency,” György Bacsa, Managing Director of MOL Hungary, said in the statement. “Uncertainties surrounding supply routes also confirm that the more pipelines there are in the region, the more certain it is that there will always be enough energy,” Bacsa added. “However, the best source is always domestic, which is why MOL treats hydrocarbon exploration in Hungary as a priority,” Bacsa went on to state. Rigzone has contacted O&GD for comment on the discovery of the oil field. At the time of writing, the company has not responded to Rigzone. The Danube Refinery started its operation in 1965, MOL’s website states, adding that the refinery belongs to MOL Plc. It is one of the largest refineries in the Central and Eastern European region with a refining capacity of 165,000 barrels per day, MOL’s site notes. In a release posted on its website back in March, MOL said it had discovered a new oil field near Somogysámson in Western Hungary. “During the exploration drilling carried out in December last year, oil was found at a depth of 1,250 meters (4,101 feet),” the company said in that release. “According to the results, the

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Beyond compliance: A collaborative approach to wildfire and extreme weather resilience

As climate-related perils intensify, the relationship between electric utilities and the communities they serve is under immense pressure. The twin threats of wildfires and extreme weather events, fueled by shifting weather patterns, are both urgent and tangible realities. Electric utilities face the difficult task of balancing system reliability, public safety, and cost. To truly build a resilient and safe system at a reasonable cost, a more proactive and collaborative partnership is needed between electric utilities and their state PUCs. This partnership must move beyond typical regulatory frameworks and embrace a shared commitment to risk reduction that leverages advanced data technology and weather intelligence to inform decisions and planning under constantly changing conditions. Quantifying Investment in Community Safety Asset hardening is one part of a typical electric utility Wildfire Mitigation Plan submitted by utilities for their regulators’ approval. A data-driven strategy empowers electric utilities to move beyond simply “asset improvements by geography” and instead, move to more dynamic risk-based asset investment efforts with surgical precision. By identifying the highest-risk areas on a continuous basis, electric utilities can ensure that their budget is spent most efficiently, maximizing the risk reduction per dollar invested. This concept of “risk-spend-efficiency,” or similar metrics like “cost benefit ratios,” are crucial for an electric utility to track and powerful tools for demonstrating to a PUC how investments are directly and optimally translating into enhanced and quantifiable community safety. The benefits of a collaborative, data-driven model are also apparent during a necessary, last-resort, Public Safety Power Shutoff (PSPS) event. With advanced AI-based risk modeling, an electric utility can move from a reactive and broad-brush approach, to a targeted and surgical one. Several electric utilities in the western United States leverage advanced data to get much more precise in their actions. Instead of shutting off power across a wide

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There are 121 AI processor companies. How many will succeed?

The US currently leads in AI hardware and software, but China’s DeepSeek and Huawei continue to push advanced chips, India has announced an indigenous GPU program targeting production by 2029, and policy shifts in Washington are reshaping the playing field. In Q2, the rollback of export restrictions allowed US companies like Nvidia and AMD to strike multibillion-dollar deals in Saudi Arabia.  JPR categorizes vendors into five segments: IoT (ultra-low-power inference in microcontrollers or small SoCs); Edge (on-device or near-device inference in 1–100W range, used outside data centers); Automotive (distinct enough to break out from Edge); data center training; and data center inference. There is some overlap between segments as many vendors play in multiple segments. Of the five categories, inference has the most startups with 90. Peddie says the inference application list is “humongous,” with everything from wearable health monitors to smart vehicle sensor arrays, to personal items in the home, and every imaginable machine in every imaginable manufacturing and production line, plus robotic box movers and surgeons.  Inference also offers the most versatility. “Smart devices” in the past, like washing machines or coffee makers, could do basically one thing and couldn’t adapt to any changes. “Inference-based systems will be able to duck and weave, adjust in real time, and find alternative solutions, quickly,” said Peddie. Peddie said despite his apparent cynicism, this is an exciting time. “There are really novel ideas being tried like analog neuron processors, and in-memory processors,” he said.

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Data Center Jobs: Engineering, Construction, Commissioning, Sales, Field Service and Facility Tech Jobs Available in Major Data Center Hotspots

Each month Data Center Frontier, in partnership with Pkaza, posts some of the hottest data center career opportunities in the market. Here’s a look at some of the latest data center jobs posted on the Data Center Frontier jobs board, powered by Pkaza Critical Facilities Recruiting. Looking for Data Center Candidates? Check out Pkaza’s Active Candidate / Featured Candidate Hotlist (and coming soon free Data Center Intern listing). Data Center Critical Facility Manager Impact, TX There position is also available in: Cheyenne, WY; Ashburn, VA or Manassas, VA. This opportunity is working directly with a leading mission-critical data center developer / wholesaler / colo provider. This firm provides data center solutions custom-fit to the requirements of their client’s mission-critical operational facilities. They provide reliability of mission-critical facilities for many of the world’s largest organizations (enterprise and hyperscale customers). This career-growth minded opportunity offers exciting projects with leading-edge technology and innovation as well as competitive salaries and benefits. Electrical Commissioning Engineer New Albany, OH This traveling position is also available in: Richmond, VA; Ashburn, VA; Charlotte, NC; Atlanta, GA; Hampton, GA; Fayetteville, GA; Cedar Rapids, IA; Phoenix, AZ; Dallas, TX or Chicago, IL. *** ALSO looking for a LEAD EE and ME CxA Agents and CxA PMs. *** Our client is an engineering design and commissioning company that has a national footprint and specializes in MEP critical facilities design. They provide design, commissioning, consulting and management expertise in the critical facilities space. They have a mindset to provide reliability, energy efficiency, sustainable design and LEED expertise when providing these consulting services for enterprise, colocation and hyperscale companies. This career-growth minded opportunity offers exciting projects with leading-edge technology and innovation as well as competitive salaries and benefits.  Data Center Engineering Design ManagerAshburn, VA This opportunity is working directly with a leading mission-critical data center developer /

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Modernizing Legacy Data Centers for the AI Revolution with Schneider Electric’s Steven Carlini

As artificial intelligence workloads drive unprecedented compute density, the U.S. data center industry faces a formidable challenge: modernizing aging facilities that were never designed to support today’s high-density AI servers. In a recent Data Center Frontier podcast, Steven Carlini, Vice President of Innovation and Data Centers at Schneider Electric, shared his insights on how operators are confronting these transformative pressures. “Many of these data centers were built with the expectation they would go through three, four, five IT refresh cycles,” Carlini explains. “Back then, growth in rack density was moderate. Facilities were designed for 10, 12 kilowatts per rack. Now with systems like Nvidia’s Blackwell, we’re seeing 132 kilowatts per rack, and each rack can weigh 5,000 pounds.” The implications are seismic. Legacy racks, floor layouts, power distribution systems, and cooling infrastructure were simply not engineered for such extreme densities. “With densification, a lot of the power distribution, cooling systems, even the rack systems — the new servers don’t fit in those racks. You need more room behind the racks for power and cooling. Almost everything needs to be changed,” Carlini notes. For operators, the first questions are inevitably about power availability. At 132 kilowatts per rack, even a single cluster can challenge the limits of older infrastructure. Many facilities are conducting rigorous evaluations to decide whether retrofitting is feasible or whether building new sites is the more practical solution. Carlini adds, “You may have transformers spaced every hundred yards, twenty of them. Now, one larger transformer can replace that footprint, and power distribution units feed busways that supply each accelerated compute rack. The scale and complexity are unlike anything we’ve seen before.” Safety considerations also intensify with these densifications. “At 132 kilowatts, maintenance is still feasible,” Carlini says, “but as voltages rise, data centers are moving toward environments where

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Google Backs Advanced Nuclear at TVA’s Clinch River as ORNL Pushes Quantum Frontiers

Inside the Hermes Reactor Design Kairos Power’s Hermes reactor is based on its KP-FHR architecture — short for fluoride salt–cooled, high-temperature reactor. Unlike conventional water-cooled reactors, Hermes uses a molten salt mixture called FLiBe (lithium fluoride and beryllium fluoride) as a coolant. Because FLiBe operates at atmospheric pressure, the design eliminates the risk of high-pressure ruptures and allows for inherently safer operation. Fuel for Hermes comes in the form of TRISO particles rather than traditional enriched uranium fuel rods. Each TRISO particle is encapsulated within ceramic layers that function like miniature containment vessels. These particles can withstand temperatures above 1,600 °C — far beyond the reactor’s normal operating range of about 700 °C. In combination with the salt coolant, Hermes achieves outlet temperatures between 650–750 °C, enabling efficient power generation and potential industrial applications such as hydrogen production. Because the salt coolant is chemically stable and requires no pressurization, the reactor can shut down and dissipate heat passively, without external power or operator intervention. This passive safety profile differentiates Hermes from traditional light-water reactors and reflects the Generation IV industry focus on safer, modular designs. From Hermes-1 to Hermes-2: Iterative Nuclear Development The first step in Kairos’ roadmap is Hermes-1, a 35 MW thermal demonstration reactor now under construction at TVA’s Clinch River site under a 2023 NRC license. Hermes-1 is not designed to generate electricity but will validate reactor physics, fuel handling, licensing strategies, and construction techniques. Building on that experience, Hermes-2 will be a 50 MW electric reactor connected to TVA’s grid, with operations targeted for 2030. Under the agreement, TVA will purchase electricity from Hermes-2 and supply it to Google’s data centers in Tennessee and Alabama. Kairos describes its development philosophy as “iterative,” scaling incrementally rather than attempting to deploy large fleets of units at once. By

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NVIDIA Forecasts $3–$4 Trillion AI Market, Driving Next Wave of Infrastructure

Whenever behemoth chipmaker NVIDIA announces its quarterly earnings, those results can have a massive influence on the stock market and its position as a key indicator for the AI industry. After all, NVIDIA is the most valuable publicly traded company in the world, valued at $4.24 trillion—ahead of Microsoft ($3.74 trillion), Apple ($3.41 trillion), Alphabet, the parent company of Google ($2.57 trillion), and Amazon ($2.44 trillion). Due to its explosive growth in recent years, a single NVIDIA earnings report can move the entire market. So, when NVIDIA leaders announced during their August 27 earnings call that Q2 2026 sales surged 56% to $46.74 billion, it was a record-setting performance for the company—and investors took notice. Executive VP & CFO Colette M. Kress said the revenue exceeded leadership’s outlook as the company grew sequentially across all market platforms. She outlined a path toward substantial growth driven by AI infrastructure. Foreseeing significant long-term growth opportunities in agentic AI and considering the scale of opportunity, CEO Jensen Huang said, “Over the next 5 years, we’re going to scale into it with Blackwell [architecture for GenAI], with Rubin [successor to Blackwell], and follow-ons to scale into effectively a $3 trillion to $4 trillion AI infrastructure opportunity.” The chipmaker’s Q2 2026 earnings fell short of Wall Street’s lofty expectations, but they did demonstrate that its sales are still rising faster than those of most other tech companies. NVIDIA is expected to post revenue growth of at least 42% over the next four quarters, compared with an average of about 10% for firms in the technology-heavy Nasdaq 100 Index, according to data compiled by Bloomberg Intelligence. On August 29, two days after announcing their earnings, NVIDIA stocks slid 3% and other chip stocks also declined. This came amid a broader sell-off after server-maker Dell, a customer of those chipmakers,

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Cologix and Lambda Debut NVIDIA HGX B200 AI Clusters in Columbus, Ohio

In our latest episode of the Data Center Frontier Show, we explore how powerhouse AI infrastructure is moving inland—anchored by the first NVIDIA HGX B200 cluster deployment in Columbus, Ohio. Cologix, Lambda, and Supermicro have partnered on the project, which combines Lambda’s 1-Click Clusters™, Supermicro’s energy-efficient hardware, and Cologix’s carrier-dense Scalelogix℠ COL4 facility. It’s a milestone that speaks to the rapid decentralization of AI workloads and the emergence of the Midwest as a serious player in the AI economy. Joining me for the conversation were Bill Bentley, VP Hyperscale and Cloud Sales at Cologix, and Ken Patchett, VP Data Center Infrastructure at Lambda. Why Columbus, Why Now? Asked about the significance of launching in Columbus, Patchett framed the move in terms of the coming era of “superintelligence.” “The shift to superintelligence is happening now—systems that can reason, adapt, and accelerate human progress,” Patchett said. “That requires an entirely new type of infrastructure, which means capital, vision, and the right partners. Columbus with Cologix made sense because beyond being centrally located, they’re highly connected, cost-efficient, and built to scale. We’re not chasing trends. We’re laying the groundwork for a future where intelligence infrastructure is as ubiquitous as electricity.” Bentley pointed to the city’s underlying strengths in connectivity, incentives, and utility economics. “Columbus is uniquely situated at the intersection of long-haul fiber,” Bentley said. “You’ve got state tax incentives, low-cost utilities, and a growing concentration of hyperscalers and local enterprises. The ecosystem is ripe for growth. It’s a natural geography for AI workloads that need geographic diversity without sacrificing performance.” Shifting—or Expanding—the Map for AI The guests agreed that deployments like this don’t represent a wholesale shift away from coastal hyperscale markets, but rather the expansion of AI’s footprint across multiple geographies. “I like to think of Lambda as an AI hyperscaler,”

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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