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The Download: our 10 Breakthrough Technologies for 2025

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. Introducing: MIT Technology Review’s 10 Breakthrough Technologies for 2025 Each year, we spend months researching and discussing which technologies will make the cut for our 10 Breakthrough Technologies list. We try to highlight a mix of items that reflect innovations happening in various fields. We look at consumer technologies, large industrial­-scale projects, biomedical advances, changes in computing, climate solutions, the latest in AI, and more.We’ve been publishing this list every year since 2001 and, frankly, have a great track record of flagging things that are poised to hit a tipping point. It’s hard to think of another industry that has as much of a hype machine behind it as tech does, so the real secret of the TR10 is really what we choose to leave off the list.Check out the full list of our 10 Breakthrough Technologies for 2025, which is front and center in our latest print issue. It’s all about the exciting innovations happening in the world right now, and includes some fascinating stories, such as: + How digital twins of human organs are set to transform medical treatment and shake up how we trial new drugs.+ What will it take for us to fully trust robots? The answer is a complicated one.+ Wind is an underutilized resource that has the potential to steer the notoriously dirty shipping industry toward a greener future. Read the full story.+ After decades of frustration, machine-learning tools are helping ecologists to unlock a treasure trove of acoustic bird data—and to shed much-needed light on their migration habits. Read the full story.  + How poop could help feed the planet—yes, really. Read the full story. Roundtables: Unveiling the 10 Breakthrough Technologies of 2025 Last week, Amy Nordrum, our executive editor, joined our news editor Charlotte Jee to unveil our 10 Breakthrough Technologies of 2025 in an exclusive Roundtable discussion. Subscribers can watch their conversation back here. And, if you’re interested in previous discussions about topics ranging from mixed reality tech to gene editing to AI’s climate impact, check out some of the highlights from the past year’s events. This international surveillance project aims to protect wheat from deadly diseases For as long as there’s been domesticated wheat (about 8,000 years), there has been harvest-devastating rust. Breeding efforts in the mid-20th century led to rust-resistant wheat strains that boosted crop yields, and rust epidemics receded in much of the world.But now, after decades, rusts are considered a reemerging disease in Europe, at least partly due to climate change.  An international initiative hopes to turn the tide by scaling up a system to track wheat diseases and forecast potential outbreaks to governments and farmers in close to real time. And by doing so, they hope to protect a crop that supplies about one-fifth of the world’s calories. Read the full story. —Shaoni Bhattacharya The must-reads I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 1 Meta has taken down its creepy AI profiles Following a big backlash from unhappy users. (NBC News)+ Many of the profiles were likely to have been live from as far back as 2023. (404 Media)+ It also appears they were never very popular in the first place. (The Verge) 2 Uber and Lyft are racing to catch up with their robotaxi rivalsAfter abandoning their own self-driving projects years ago. (WSJ $)+ China’s Pony.ai is gearing up to expand to Hong Kong.  (Reuters)3 Elon Musk is going after NASA He’s largely veered away from criticising the space agency publicly—until now. (Wired $)+ SpaceX’s Starship rocket has a legion of scientist fans. (The Guardian)+ What’s next for NASA’s giant moon rocket? (MIT Technology Review) 4 How Sam Altman actually runs OpenAIFeaturing three-hour meetings and a whole lot of Slack messages. (Bloomberg $)+ ChatGPT Pro is a pricey loss-maker, apparently. (MIT Technology Review) 5 The dangerous allure of TikTokMigrants’ online portrayal of their experiences in America aren’t always reflective of their realities. (New Yorker $) 6 Demand for electricity is skyrocketingAnd AI is only a part of it. (Economist $)+ AI’s search for more energy is growing more urgent. (MIT Technology Review) 7 The messy ethics of writing religious sermons using AISkeptics aren’t convinced the technology should be used to channel spirituality. (NYT $) 8 How a wildlife app became an invaluable wildfire trackerWatch Duty has become a safeguarding sensation across the US west. (The Guardian)+ How AI can help spot wildfires. (MIT Technology Review) 9 Computer scientists just love oracles 🔮 Hypothetical devices are a surprisingly important part of computing. (Quanta Magazine) 10 Pet tech is booming 🐾But not all gadgets are made equal. (FT $)+ These scientists are working to extend the lifespan of pet dogs—and their owners. (MIT Technology Review) Quote of the day “The next kind of wave of this is like, well, what is AI doing for me right now other than telling me that I have AI?” —Anshel Sag, principal analyst at Moor Insights and Strategy, tells Wired a lot of companies’ AI claims are overblown. The big story Broadband funding for Native communities could finally connect some of America’s most isolated places September 2022 Rural and Native communities in the US have long had lower rates of cellular and broadband connectivity than urban areas, where four out of every five Americans live. Outside the cities and suburbs, which occupy barely 3% of US land, reliable internet service can still be hard to come by. The covid-19 pandemic underscored the problem as Native communities locked down and moved school and other essential daily activities online. But it also kicked off an unprecedented surge of relief funding to solve it. Read the full story. —Robert Chaney We can still have nice things A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.) + Rollerskating Spice Girls is exactly what your Monday morning needs.+ It’s not just you, some people really do look like their dogs!+ I’m not sure if this is actually the world’s healthiest meal, but it sure looks tasty.+ Ah, the old “bitten by a rabid fox chestnut.”

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

Introducing: MIT Technology Review’s 10 Breakthrough Technologies for 2025

Each year, we spend months researching and discussing which technologies will make the cut for our 10 Breakthrough Technologies list. We try to highlight a mix of items that reflect innovations happening in various fields. We look at consumer technologies, large industrial­-scale projects, biomedical advances, changes in computing, climate solutions, the latest in AI, and more.

We’ve been publishing this list every year since 2001 and, frankly, have a great track record of flagging things that are poised to hit a tipping point. It’s hard to think of another industry that has as much of a hype machine behind it as tech does, so the real secret of the TR10 is really what we choose to leave off the list.

Check out the full list of our 10 Breakthrough Technologies for 2025, which is front and center in our latest print issue. It’s all about the exciting innovations happening in the world right now, and includes some fascinating stories, such as:

+ How digital twins of human organs are set to transform medical treatment and shake up how we trial new drugs.

+ What will it take for us to fully trust robots? The answer is a complicated one.

+ Wind is an underutilized resource that has the potential to steer the notoriously dirty shipping industry toward a greener future. Read the full story.

+ After decades of frustration, machine-learning tools are helping ecologists to unlock a treasure trove of acoustic bird data—and to shed much-needed light on their migration habits. Read the full story. 

+ How poop could help feed the planet—yes, really. Read the full story.

Roundtables: Unveiling the 10 Breakthrough Technologies of 2025

Last week, Amy Nordrum, our executive editor, joined our news editor Charlotte Jee to unveil our 10 Breakthrough Technologies of 2025 in an exclusive Roundtable discussion. Subscribers can watch their conversation back here. And, if you’re interested in previous discussions about topics ranging from mixed reality tech to gene editing to AI’s climate impact, check out some of the highlights from the past year’s events.

This international surveillance project aims to protect wheat from deadly diseases

For as long as there’s been domesticated wheat (about 8,000 years), there has been harvest-devastating rust. Breeding efforts in the mid-20th century led to rust-resistant wheat strains that boosted crop yields, and rust epidemics receded in much of the world.

But now, after decades, rusts are considered a reemerging disease in Europe, at least partly due to climate change. 

An international initiative hopes to turn the tide by scaling up a system to track wheat diseases and forecast potential outbreaks to governments and farmers in close to real time. And by doing so, they hope to protect a crop that supplies about one-fifth of the world’s calories. Read the full story.

—Shaoni Bhattacharya

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Meta has taken down its creepy AI profiles 
Following a big backlash from unhappy users. (NBC News)
+ Many of the profiles were likely to have been live from as far back as 2023. (404 Media)
+ It also appears they were never very popular in the first place. (The Verge)

2 Uber and Lyft are racing to catch up with their robotaxi rivals
After abandoning their own self-driving projects years ago. (WSJ $)
+ China’s Pony.ai is gearing up to expand to Hong Kong.  (Reuters)

3 Elon Musk is going after NASA 
He’s largely veered away from criticising the space agency publicly—until now. (Wired $)
+ SpaceX’s Starship rocket has a legion of scientist fans. (The Guardian)
+ What’s next for NASA’s giant moon rocket? (MIT Technology Review)

4 How Sam Altman actually runs OpenAI
Featuring three-hour meetings and a whole lot of Slack messages. (Bloomberg $)
+ ChatGPT Pro is a pricey loss-maker, apparently. (MIT Technology Review)

5 The dangerous allure of TikTok
Migrants’ online portrayal of their experiences in America aren’t always reflective of their realities. (New Yorker $)

6 Demand for electricity is skyrocketing
And AI is only a part of it. (Economist $)
+ AI’s search for more energy is growing more urgent. (MIT Technology Review)

7 The messy ethics of writing religious sermons using AI
Skeptics aren’t convinced the technology should be used to channel spirituality. (NYT $)

8 How a wildlife app became an invaluable wildfire tracker
Watch Duty has become a safeguarding sensation across the US west. (The Guardian)
+ How AI can help spot wildfires. (MIT Technology Review)

9 Computer scientists just love oracles 🔮 
Hypothetical devices are a surprisingly important part of computing. (Quanta Magazine)

10 Pet tech is booming 🐾
But not all gadgets are made equal. (FT $)
+ These scientists are working to extend the lifespan of pet dogs—and their owners. (MIT Technology Review)

Quote of the day

“The next kind of wave of this is like, well, what is AI doing for me right now other than telling me that I have AI?”

—Anshel Sag, principal analyst at Moor Insights and Strategy, tells Wired a lot of companies’ AI claims are overblown.

The big story

Broadband funding for Native communities could finally connect some of America’s most isolated places

September 2022

Rural and Native communities in the US have long had lower rates of cellular and broadband connectivity than urban areas, where four out of every five Americans live. Outside the cities and suburbs, which occupy barely 3% of US land, reliable internet service can still be hard to come by.

The covid-19 pandemic underscored the problem as Native communities locked down and moved school and other essential daily activities online. But it also kicked off an unprecedented surge of relief funding to solve it. Read the full story.

—Robert Chaney

We can still have nice things

A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.)

+ Rollerskating Spice Girls is exactly what your Monday morning needs.
+ It’s not just you, some people really do look like their dogs!
+ I’m not sure if this is actually the world’s healthiest meal, but it sure looks tasty.
+ Ah, the old “bitten by a rabid fox chestnut.”

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Co-located solar, storage jumps to 16% of all installations, up from 2% in 2017: EIA

Listen to the article 3 min This audio is auto-generated. Please let us know if you have feedback. The share of new solar projects deployed with co-located battery storage this year is 16% — or about 41 GW — as of September, and may reach 19% by year’s end, said an Oct. 30 report from the U.S. Energy Information Administration. It is likely to pass 30% in the next two years, the agency estimated. The trend has increased significantly over the last decade, as only around 2% of projects, or 5 GW, of new solar capacity was co-located with storage in 2017. In 2023, co-location jumped to 25% of projects, then fell over 2024 and 2025, according to EIA’s data — but is projected to pass 30% over the next two years, based on planned additions. “When operators co-locate battery storage with solar, they can direct solar electricity output to the grid or to the battery, depending on the wholesale prices,” EIA’s report said. “Wholesale prices in regions with large solar participation tend to fall when solar contributions are high and rise as they decrease.” “Plants with both solar and battery storage can manage the combined output of their generating resources to maximize their value in a changing wholesale price environment,” EIA added. Courtesy of U.S. Energy Information Administration An Oct. 22 report from the Solar Energy Industries Association found that from 2021 to 2026, “solar generation increased 421% in Texas and 90% in California, while battery storage capacity grew more than 26-fold in Texas and nearly sevenfold in California.” When comparing the same June to August period, SEIA found that “CAISO used 2.5% more power than the same time in 2021 with an average wholesale electricity price 40% lower after accounting for inflation. ERCOT used 30.1% more power than the

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Data centers don’t need special treatment to get power faster

Listen to the article 7 min This audio is auto-generated. Please let us know if you have feedback. Seyed Madaeni is CEO and co-founder of Verse, an energy software company specializing in battery dispatch optimization for data centers. Even the best-funded project can’t operate without electricity, and the grid often can’t deliver hundreds of new megawatts as quickly as AI developers need them. Access to power has become a competitive advantage, and companies are searching for ways to get it faster. Seyed Madaeni Today, developers see two obvious options. They can wait years for traditional grid upgrades, or they can build private power plants onsite. The first can move too slowly. The second brings fuel-supply, equipment, permitting and community challenges of its own. A third path to data center interconnection is taking shape. Across the country, utilities and grid operators are creating clearer ways for large loads that can reduce the risks they bring to the system. Depending on the market, a data center might guarantee a minimum payment, agree to reduce its grid demand when the system is strained, provide better operating data or contract for new generation and storage. These policies differ, but they share one idea: If a data center wants faster or more certain access to power, it should give the grid greater certainty in return. That is a better approach than advancing projects mainly because they promise jobs or investment. Projects that make their demand more predictable, controllable and financially secure should have a clearer path to service. Ohio is asking data centers to pay for what they reserve Utilities often need to invest in substations, transmission equipment and other infrastructure years before a data center reaches full operation. They are building against forecasts that can change, and their queues may include projects that never get

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APA to beef up exploration spending in 2027

@import url(‘https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100..900&display=swap’); .ebm-page__main h1, .ebm-page__main h2, .ebm-page__main h3, .ebm-page__main h4, .ebm-page__main h5, .ebm-page__main h6 { font-family: Inter; } body { line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.025em; } button, .ebm-button-wrapper { font-family: Inter; } .label-style { text-transform: uppercase; color: var(–color-grey); font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.75rem; } .caption-style { font-size: 0.75rem; color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 60%, transparent); } Executives at APA Corp., Houston, plan to bump the company’s 2027 capital spending to $2.5 billion from an expected $2.1 billion and will dedicate the majority of that increase to exploration work and the development of the GranMorgu project in which it is a 40% partner. Speaking to analysts and investors after APA reported third-quarter profits of $698 million on revenues of more than $2.8 billion, chief executice officer John Christmann said the allocation of $250 million to exploration and another $250 million to developing GranMorgu will return APA to its targeted range of having 10-15% of annual upstream capital go to such work. The plans comprise: Two exploration wells in Suriname’s GranMorgu offshore development with TotalEnergies, which also owns 40% of that project and is the operator. Christmann said the wells will look to extend GranMorgu’s production plateau “or even support a second development.” A winter program in Alaska that includes an exploration well and an appraisal test of the company’s Sockeye discovery. The spudding of APA’s well in the OFF-6 block of which it owns 60%, with Eni holding the remainder. Tracey Henderson, APA’s executive vice-president of exploration, said the block reminds her team of conditions offshore Namibia and that its work with Eni will essentially be a “petroleum systems test.” Addressing the potential of GranMorgu—which APA and TotalEnergies teams have estimated has nearly 760 million bbl of reserves—and the goal of starting production in mid-2028, Christmann said 4 wells are being planned over the

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Energy Department Announces Fall 2026 SBIR/STTR Phase I Topics, Unlocking $200 Million for American Innovation

WASHINGTON—The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced the Fall 2026 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Phase I Topics, unlocking more than $200 million in federal funding to support American small businesses developing innovative technologies that strengthen U.S. energy and national security. The Phase I topics span grid innovation, nuclear detonation detection, cybersecurity, and other areas with strong commercial potential.  The Fall 2026 release marks a significant milestone for DOE’s restructured SBIR and STTR programs, now managed by DOE’s Office of Technology Commercialization (OTC). Through DOE’s Partnership Intermediary, ConnectWerx, the programs are streamlining management and delivery, reducing application burdens, and expanding access to funding opportunities for American small businesses.    The restructuring advances the Trump Administration’s priorities to strengthen American energy and national security, support U.S. small businesses, and accelerate the commercialization of technologies critical to maintaining U.S. technological leadership. By prioritizing projects with strong technical and commercial potential, DOE is helping move American innovation from the laboratory to the marketplace.  “Under President Trump’s leadership, we’ve fundamentally redesigned the SBIR/STTR programs from the ground up to make them more accessible, more dynamic, and much more productive,” said Anthony Pugliese, DOE Chief Commercialization Officer and Director of the Office of Technology Commercialization. “These changes will help us attract more American entrepreneurs and startups, maximize the impact of every federal dollar, and ultimately turn promising innovations into real-world solutions that strengthen American competitiveness.”  Phase I now serves as the entry point to the full SBIR/STTR funding pathway. Companies begin by submitting a pitch for a Phase I award to demonstrate the technical feasibility of their proposed innovations, with opportunities to secure follow-on funding in subsequent phases. Go/no-go decisions between phases assess technical progress and commercial potential before advancing to the next stage, ensuring federal resources are focused

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QatarEnergy continues Maydan Mahzam field redevelopment

@import url(‘https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100..900&display=swap’); .ebm-page__main h1, .ebm-page__main h2, .ebm-page__main h3, .ebm-page__main h4, .ebm-page__main h5, .ebm-page__main h6 { font-family: Inter; } body { line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.025em; } button, .ebm-button-wrapper { font-family: Inter; } .label-style { text-transform: uppercase; color: var(–color-grey); font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.75rem; } .caption-style { font-size: 0.75rem; color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 60%, transparent); } QatarEnergy contractor PTSC Mechanical and Construction Ltd. Co. (PTSC M&C) has let a letter of award (LOA) to Aker Solutions for design work related to the redevelopment of Maydan Mahzam oil field offshore Qatar. The field lies, which started production in November 1965, lies about 100 km northeast of the Qatari coastline and 28 km southeast of Halul Island in water depths of about 40 m. QatarEnergy has been redeveloping the field to extend its operational life.  Aker Solutions will provide detailed design services for several offshore installations under PTSC M&C’s project scope, including three major topsides, four jackets, and brownfield tie-in. The work will be executed by Aker Solutions’ engineering teams in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and Mumbai, India.

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US sanctions network supporting Iranian oil shipments

The US Department of the Treasury imposed new sanctions on Nov. 4 against an India-based maritime network accused of facilitating Iranian oil shipments through fraudulent vessel registrations and certifications, as Washington continued efforts to restrict Tehran’s petroleum revenues. The sanctions target Suniel Kumar Sharma, his wife Jaspreet Preeti Shahid, two other Indian nationals, and nine associated entities. According to the  Treasury, the network established unauthorized ship registries and maritime classification services that enabled sanctioned tankers transporting Iranian petroleum to operate under false flags. Treasury said some of the vessels supported by the network operated on behalf of Iran’s military and its proxies. Among the designated companies are India-based Oceaniek Technologies India and Singapore-based Eswatini Maritime Affairs and International Ship Registry Pte. Ltd. Treasury said the network provided false vessel registrations to several sanctioned tankers, including LATTAFA, BINARY STAR, and VERA. The action, taken under Executive Order 13902 as part of the administration’s Operation Economic Outcast campaign, also included a new Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) advisory warning maritime operators about sanctions risks associated with falsely flagged vessels. The designations block assets of the sanctioned parties held in the US or under the control of US persons and generally prohibit US persons from conducting transactions involving their property. The measures could further complicate transportation and compliance arrangements for Iranian oil shipments, although their immediate impact on export volumes remains uncertain.

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DCF Global: Britain’s New Bargain With the AI Data Center Industry

The Global Perspective: A New Bargain for the AI Economy? Britain’s new Data Centre Covenant may ultimately prove important well beyond the United Kingdom. Governments across the world are attempting to reconcile the economic promise of AI infrastructure with the extraordinary physical requirements of building it. Electricity networks must accommodate loads measured in hundreds of megawatts. Utilities must plan transmission and generation investments years in advance. Communities are being asked to host facilities whose construction costs can run into billions, but whose permanent employment footprints may be relatively modest. At the same time, national governments increasingly view domestic computing capacity as a strategic asset. Britain is attempting to connect those issues within a single policy framework. Its approach differs in important respects from the fragmented regulatory environment in the United States, where utility commissions, state governments, local authorities, and regional grid operators exercise separate—and sometimes competing—powers over development. Nevertheless, the underlying questions are increasingly similar. In DCF’s October examination of Virginia’s changing data center policies, the industry’s largest established market was confronting new expectations concerning infrastructure costs, utility commitments, community impacts, and the conditions under which large facilities should receive development approval. Britain’s Covenant addresses comparable pressures through a more coordinated national initiative. It effectively proposes that preferential treatment for strategically important data center development should be accompanied by demonstrable public value. That is a meaningful evolution in the relationship between government and the industry. For years, data center investment announcements have emphasized capital expenditure, construction employment, technological leadership, and economic development. Those considerations remain important. But Britain’s emerging framework asks a more demanding set of questions: Can the project obtain real electricity capacity? Will it pay its fair share of infrastructure costs? Does it contribute to domestic capability? What obligations does it have to its host community? And can

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Don’t mention the data center: OpenAI calls them ‘compute campuses’ instead

Data centers’ increasing power consumption is straining the grid, with AI servers accounting for an ever larger share of that consumption, with further increases forecast. These demands are leading to a growing number of protests against the development of data centers, which could lead to construction delays. OpenAI claims that its Grid Protectors Program will meet some of those issues head-on by taking into account future capacity needs and working to make power flexibility a key element in data center, sorry, compute campus, design. The company said that the approach would differ, region by region. It has yet to finalize all the details of the scheme, but it hopes to head off some of the protests. It remains to be seen whether it has this effect. Google recently took the opposite approach to the peak consumption problem, proposing to pay people to turn off their appliances at times of high demand so that it can continue to power its data centers.

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Agentic AI boom expected to reshape CPU market

These activities include planning tasks, scheduling subtasks, calling external tools, managing interactions between multiple agents and evaluating results. Agents also rely on conventional computing resources to execute Python code, search databases, crawl websites and process information, according to TrendForce. As a result, the CPU is enjoying a new lease on life and becoming a more significant component of AI infrastructure rather than simply serving as a supporting processor for GPUs, according to TrendForce. TrendForce notes that traditional AI data centers have typically deployed approximately one CPU for every four to eight GPUs, reflecting the industry’s emphasis on accelerating computationally intensive AI workloads.

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DCF Poll: Does the Data Center Industry Need a Political Reset?

Matt Vincent is Editor in Chief of Data Center Frontier, where he leads editorial strategy and coverage focused on the infrastructure powering cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and the digital economy. A veteran B2B technology journalist with more than two decades of experience, Vincent specializes in the intersection of data centers, power, cooling, and emerging AI-era infrastructure. Since assuming the EIC role in 2023, he has helped guide Data Center Frontier’s coverage of the industry’s transition into the gigawatt-scale AI era, with a focus on hyperscale development, behind-the-meter power strategies, liquid cooling architectures, and the evolving energy demands of high-density compute, while working closely with the Digital Infrastructure Group at Endeavor Business Media to expand the brand’s analytical and multimedia footprint. Vincent also hosts The Data Center Frontier Show podcast, where he interviews industry leaders across hyperscale, colocation, utilities, and the data center supply chain to examine the technologies and business models reshaping digital infrastructure. Since its inception he serves as Head of Content for the Data Center Frontier Trends Summit. Before becoming Editor in Chief, he served in multiple senior editorial roles across Endeavor Business Media’s digital infrastructure portfolio, with coverage spanning data centers and hyperscale infrastructure, structured cabling and networking, telecom and datacom, IP physical security, and wireless and Pro AV markets. He began his career in 2005 within PennWell’s Advanced Technology Division and later held senior editorial positions supporting brands such as Cabling Installation & Maintenance, Lightwave Online, Broadband Technology Report, and Smart Buildings Technology. Vincent is a frequent moderator, interviewer, and keynote speaker at industry events including the HPC Forum, where he delivers forward-looking analysis on how AI and high-performance computing are reshaping digital infrastructure. He graduated with honors from Indiana University Bloomington with a B.A. in English Literature and Creative Writing and lives in southern New Hampshire with

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Arista posts record growth as AI networking supercycle accelerates

One of the core answers to that threat is the company’s Autonomous Virtual Assistant (AVA), which lets administrators ask it questions about network conditions and receive explanations, recommendations, and assistance diagnosing problems. “AVA is incredibly powerful. It seamlessly navigates networking and security infrastructure from campus to WAN, to data center, to cloud, continuously monitoring and troubleshooting, isolating root causes without manual labor-intensive tasks,” said Ken Duda, Arista co-founder, president, CTO & director. “The bad news, of course, is the massive challenge AI poses for us and our customers by discovering and exploiting security vulnerabilities. This threat landscape demands secure and robust networking. Over the past few months, we’ve been collaborating with Anthropic, Google, OpenAI, and many others to integrate new AI-enabled security capabilities from frontier models into our existing software security pipeline,” Duda said.

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AEP, Google Advance $4 Billion Fuel-Cell Project to Power Cheyenne Data Centers

A Power Commitment That Began Two Years Earlier Although Google’s participation was publicly identified in October 2026, the procurement strategy underlying the Cheyenne project dates to November 2024, when Bloom Energy announced an agreement with AEP covering up to 1 gigawatt of solid oxide fuel-cell equipment. As Data Center Frontier reported at the time, the agreement included an initial commitment to purchase 100 MW, with options for an additional 900 MW. The arrangement was intended to help AEP serve large commercial and industrial customers facing growing electricity requirements without waiting for the completion of conventional grid infrastructure upgrades. The relationship advanced in January 2026, when AEP disclosed in a regulatory filing that an unregulated subsidiary had committed approximately $2.65 billion to purchase a substantial portion of the fuel-cell capacity covered by its earlier option. The company also reported a 20-year agreement to sell the planned facility’s entire electricity output to an unidentified investment-grade customer, now confirmed as Google. The equipment purchase formed part of the project’s development history, rather than representing a separate $2.65 billion investment in addition to the $4 billion project announced in October. The scale of the investment is significant, but so is the transaction structure. Rather than requiring Google to own and operate the generation equipment directly, the arrangement places development and ownership responsibilities with an established energy company while providing the hyperscaler long-term access to the facility’s electricity output. For AEP, it also represents an opportunity to deploy capital in support of large-load customers beyond its traditional regulated utility territory. At approximately $4 billion for 702 MW, the project represents roughly $5.7 million per megawatt of planned generating capacity. That figure offers a measure of the investment’s capital intensity, although it is not directly comparable with the construction cost of a conventional gas-fired power plant

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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