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Celtic Freeport officially launches in bid to bring investment to Southwest Wales

The Celtic Freeport, spanning the ports at Milford Haven and Port Talbot in Southwest Wales, was officially launched on March 13. The official launch follows the freeport opening for business in November 2024. Freeports are areas created by the government to attract investment into certain regions of the country, supported by a range of tax […]

The Celtic Freeport, spanning the ports at Milford Haven and Port Talbot in Southwest Wales, was officially launched on March 13.

The official launch follows the freeport opening for business in November 2024.

Freeports are areas created by the government to attract investment into certain regions of the country, supported by a range of tax breaks and customs exemptions for businesses within the freeport area and benefiting from port infrastructure.

The Celtic Freeport is one of 12 such freeports to be established across England, Wales and Scotland since 2022. It is a public-private consortium including Associated British Ports (ABP), Neath Port Talbot Council, Pembrokeshire County Council and the Port of Milford Haven, as well as energy companies, renewables developers, industrial complexes, innovation assets, academic institutions and education providers.

In the Celtic Freeport’s case, it is supported by £26 million of UK government investment, subject to approval of its full business case. This is on top of both UK and Welsh government tax breaks offered to businesses within the freeport.

Stakeholders in the Celtic Freeport hope that it will create up to 11,500 skilled jobs and attract up to £8.4bn of investment, both from the public and private sectors, as well as adding a projected £8.1bn in economic value (GVA).

They describe the freeport’s vision as creating a “green investment and innovation corridor that will drive inward investment, skills development, and national decarbonisation”.

Projects at the freeport include clean energy developments, fuel terminals, a power station, heavy engineering and the steel industry across Southwest Wales.

There are also plans for the Celtic Freeport to support new manufacturing facilities and major port infrastructure upgrades to facilitate the roll-out of floating offshore wind (FLOW) in the Celtic Sea.

The announcement about the freeport’s launch pointed to FLOW in the Celtic Sea as being “key” to making the UK a “clean energy superpower” by 2030.

“The Celtic Freeport is taking significant strides forward with key milestones secured such as the planning consents for the LanzaTech’s sustainable aviation fuel production plants and RWE’s Pembroke Green Hydrogen plant, the launch of the Milford Haven CO2 Project, H2 Energy and Trafigura’s West Wales Hydrogen project securing a hydrogen CfD, Haush establishing a green energy HQ and their green hydrogen plant coming forward at Pembroke Dock and the approval of the wind turbine development to expand Dragon Energy’s Renewables Park,” stated the Celtic Freeport’s CEO, Luciana Ciubotariu.

“These Celtic Freeport partner initiatives, coupled with investments in battery energy storage by RWE and port infrastructure at Port Talbot, are accelerating South Wales’ reindustrialisation and driving a decarbonised economy rich in evolving and new industries,” she added.

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AI dominates Gartner’s top strategic technology trends for 2026

“AI supercomputing platforms integrate CPUs, GPUs, AI ASICs, neuromorphic and alternative computing paradigms, enabling organizations to orchestrate complex workloads while unlocking new levels of performance, efficiency and innovation. These systems combine powerful processors, massive memory, specialized hardware, and orchestration software to tackle data-intensive workloads in areas like machine learning, simulation,

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IBM signs up Groq for speedy AI inferencing option

The technology involved in the partnership will let customers use watsonx capabilities in a familiar way and allow them to use their preferred tools while accelerating inference with GroqCloud, IBM stated. “This integration will address key AI developer needs, including inference orchestration, load balancing, and hardware acceleration, ultimately streamlining the

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Wi-Fi 8 is coming and it’s going to make AI a lot faster

Traditional Wi-Fi optimizes for 90/10 download-to-upload ratios. AI applications push toward 50/50 symmetry. Voice assistants, edge AI processing and sensor data all require consistent uplink capacity. “AI traffic looks different,” Szymanski explained. “It’s increasingly symmetric, with heavy uplink demands from these edge devices. These devices are pushing all this data

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U.S. Energy Secretary and Qatari Energy Minister Send Letter to EU Regarding Proposed Corporate Climate Regulations

WASHINGTON—U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Chris Wright and Qatari Minister of State for Energy Affairs Saad Sherida Al-Kaabi sent a letter today to the Heads of State of European Union (EU) Member States, regarding the European Union’s proposed Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). Click here to read the letter or see the full text below. An Open Letter to the Heads of State of European Union (EU) Member States Dear Leaders of European Union Member States, We write to you today at a pivotal moment for the EU’s energy security and economic competitiveness. As two of its most trusted partners and the world’s leading LNG producers, we reaffirm our deep commitment to supporting the EU’s prosperity and stability. We write in this spirit, united in our views, to express our deep concern over the continued lack of action to address the universally acknowledged, serious, and legitimate concerns raised by the global business community regarding the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). Particularly its unintended consequences for LNG export competitiveness and the availability of reliable, affordable energy for EU consumers. Over the past year, our two countries have engaged in constructive dialogue with representatives from numerous EU governments regarding the contents of the CSDDD, offering specific recommendations to avoid the unintended consequences we have previously raised. While we appreciate the efforts of those Member States that have welcomed dialogue, the broader lack of substantive engagement on these critical issues is deeply concerning, especially given the far-reaching implications of the legislation. We have consistently and transparently communicated how the CSDDD, as it is worded today, poses a significant risk to the affordability and reliability of critical energy supplies for households and businesses across Europe and an existential threat to the future growth, competitiveness, and resilience of the EU’s industrial economy.

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VoltaGrid, Halliburton Form Data Center Partnership

Halliburton Energy Services Inc and VoltaGrid LLC have announced a collaboration to deliver power solutions to data centers. “Under this agreement, VoltaGrid and Halliburton will combine their complementary strengths to develop, deploy and operate advanced, efficient and sustainable power generation systems utilizing turbines, reciprocating engines and VoltaGrid’s proprietary QPac platform”, the United States companies said in a joint statement. “The collaboration aims to meet the growing demand for reliable, lower-emission energy infrastructure in a rapidly expanding digital and industrial landscape. “Through the venture, Halliburton will leverage its global operational footprint, local infrastructure and regional regulatory expertise, while VoltaGrid will contribute its proprietary engineering design, technology innovation and procurement capabilities. “Together, the companies plan to offer turnkey distributed power generation solutions tailored to the needs of regional data centers based on a proven platform. “The collaboration will enable VoltaGrid’s existing large-scale data center customer base access to a global footprint via Halliburton’s operational excellence that is well suited for execution certainty, reliability and performance”. The partnership initially targets the Middle East, with an eye for key emerging markets. Earlier Houston, Texas-based gas power solutions provider VoltaGrid announced an agreement with Oracle Corp to deliver technology to enable the supply of natural gas electricity to the information technology major’s data centers. VoltaGrid will deploy 2.3 gigawatts (GW) of “cutting-edge, ultra-low-emissions infrastructure, supplied by Energy Transfer’s pipeline network, to support the energy demands of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure’s (OCI) next-generation artificial intelligence data centers”, it said in a press release October 15. “The VoltaGrid power infrastructure will be delivered through the proprietary VoltaGrid platform – a modular, high-transient-response system developed by VoltaGrid with key suppliers, including INNIO Jenbacher and ABB”. “This power plant deployment is being supplied with firm natural gas from Energy Transfer’s expansive pipeline and storage systems”, VoltaGrid added. OCI executive vice president

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Halliburton CEO ‘Pleased’ with Q3 Performance

In Halliburton’s third quarter results statement, which was posted on the company’s site on Tuesday, Halliburton Chairman, President, and CEO Jeff Miller said he is “pleased” with Halliburton’s third quarter performance. In the statement, the company announced a net income of $18 million, or $0.02 per diluted share, and adjusted net income, excluding “impairments and other charges” and other items, of $496 million, or $0.58 per diluted share, for the third quarter. Net income for the second quarter was $472 million, or $0.55 per diluted share, Halliburton highlighted in the statement. The company went on to note that Halliburton’s total revenue for the third quarter was $5.6 billion, compared to total revenue of $5.5 billion in the second quarter. Operating income was $356 million in the third quarter, compared to operating income of $727 million in the second quarter, Halliburton highlighted, adding that adjusted operating income in the third quarter, excluding “impairments and other charges”, was $748 million. Halliburton’s stock price opened at $24.43 on Tuesday and closed at $25.24. The stock opened at $22.30 on Monday and closed at $22.62. “We delivered total company revenue of $5.6 billion dollars and adjusted operating margin of 13 percent,” Miller said in the statement. “We also took steps that will deliver estimated savings of $100 million dollars per quarter, reset our 2026 capital budget and idled equipment that no longer meets our return expectations,” he added. In the statement, Halliburton pointed out that international revenue in the third quarter was $3.2 billion, which it described as “flat when compared to the second quarter”. Latin America revenue in the third quarter was $996 million, Halliburton revealed, adding that this was an increase of two percent sequentially. This increase was primarily driven by higher project management activity across the region and increased drilling services in

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Strategists Expect WoW USA Crude Inventory Drop

In a report sent to Rigzone by the Macquarie team late Monday, Macquarie strategists, including Walt Chancellor, revealed that they are forecasting that U.S. crude inventories will be down by 2.5 million barrels for the week ending October 17. “This follows a 3.5 million barrel build in the prior week, with the crude balance realizing modestly tighter than our expectations,” the strategists said in the report. “For this week’s balance, from refineries, we model an increase in crude runs (+0.3 million barrels per day) following a surprisingly weak print last week; turnaround timing represents a source of meaningful potential variability in this week’s stats,” they added. “Among net imports, we model a moderate reduction, with exports higher (+0.6 million barrels per day) and imports up slightly (+0.1 million barrels per day) on a nominal basis,” they continued. The strategists also warned in the report that the timing of cargoes remains a source of potential volatility in this week’s crude balance. “From implied domestic supply (prod.+adj.+transfers), we look for a slight decrease (-0.1 million barrels per day) on a nominal basis this week,” the strategists went on to note. “Rounding out the picture, we anticipate a slightly larger increase (+0.9 million barrels) in SPR [Strategic Petroleum Reserve] stocks this week,” they added. The strategists stated in the report that, “among products”, they “look for draws in gasoline (-4.0 million barrels) and distillate (-1.2 million barrels), with a build in jet (+0.5 million barrels)”. “We model implied demand for these three products at ~14.4 million barrels per day for the week ending October 17,” the strategists added. In its latest weekly petroleum status report at the time of writing, which was released on October 16 and included data for the week ending October 10, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) highlighted that

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Egypt Seeks to Free Up Gas for Export

Egypt is embarking on a plan to buy more oil products for power generation as the cash-strapped North African nation frees up gas for LNG exports, as part of efforts to repay money it owes to foreign operators. State-owned Egyptian General Petroleum Corp. plans to buy more than a million tons of diesel, gasoline and butane gas for delivery in November, up 60 percent from the same period last year, according to people familiar with the matter, who asked not to be identified as they’re not authorized to speak to the media. Egypt’s energy ministry didn’t respond to a request for comment. Egypt is seeking to encourage renewed investment by foreign energy companies, which have reduced financing in the country after years of waiting for the government to repay money it owes them. Declining domestic gas output amid surging local demand led Egypt to become a net importer of liquefied natural gas last year in order to avoid blackouts. That has added new financing strains on the government which is emerging from its worst economic crisis in decades. To break this cycle, Cairo decided to allow foreign energy operators to export their share of local gas production as LNG as a way to get their arrears paid and to go ahead with investments in Egypt’s gas output. Three LNG cargoes have been exported since September, including one that the government said was shipped from Egypt’s Idku terminal on behalf of Shell Plc. The government is now in talks with the foreign energy companies to allow them to produce volumes for two shipments every month for loading between November and March from Idku, according to the people.  Egypt’s production of crude oil and condensate fell to 486,000 barrels a day in July, the lowest in decades, according to data from Joint Oil

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Woodside Bumps Up Production Projection for 2025

Woodside Energy Group Ltd has raised its projected 2025 production from 188-195 million barrels of oil equivalent (MMboe) to 192-197 MMboe due to “continued strong performance across assets”. The Australian company saw a one percent increase in output in the third quarter, totaling 50.8 MMboe or 552,000 barrels of oil equivalent a day, according to a stock filing Wednesday. Production consisted of 1.83 billion standard cubic feet a day (Bscfd) of natural gas and 231,000 barrels per day (bpd) of liquids. The increase comes despite Woodside’s sale of producing oil and gas assets in Greater Angostura in Trinidad and Tobago to Perenco, completed in the quarter. Woodside reported 13,000 barrels of oil production and 242,000 oil-equivalent barrels of pipeline gas in Trinidad and Tobago in the July-September period, down from 93,000 barrels and 2.21 MMboe in the prior quarter respectively. In Australia Woodside produced 34.86 MMboe, up from 32.45 MMboe. Australian LNG and piped gas production totaled 20.9 MMboe and 7.85 MMboe respectively, up from 18.9 MMboe and 7.63 MMboe respectively. Australian crude and condensate production stood at 4.94 MMboe, up from 4.92 MMboe. All of Woodside’s liquefaction facilities – North West Shelf, Pluto and Wheatstone – increased output quarter-on-quarter. Pluto achieved 100 percent reliability. At North West Shelf, Woodside completed planned maintenance offshore at North Rankin and onshore at the Karratha Gas Plant. Woodside increased sales one percent quarter-over-quarter to 55 MMboe, consisting of 2.12 Bscfd of gas and 226,000 bpd of liquids. Revenue totaled $3.36 billion, up from $3.28 billion. While realized prices for LNG and East Coast and international piped gas fell, the average realized price rose two percent, “reflecting higher Dated Brent and West Texas Intermediate”, Woodside said. “We continued safe delivery of Woodside’s major growth projects to schedule and budget”, said chief executive Meg O’Neill. “Strong momentum

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AI gold rush sparks backlash against Core Scientific acquisition

Meanwhile, in a release issued last week, CoreWeave stated, “it has been unequivocal — to Core Scientific and publicly — that we will not modify our offer. Our offer is best and final.” Alvin Nguyen, senior analyst at Forrester Research, said what happens next with the overall data center market “depends on when AI demand slows down (when the AI bubble bursts).” He added, “if AI demand continues, prices continue to go up, and data centers change in terms of preferred locations (cooler climates, access to water, lots of space, more remote), use of microgrids/energy production, expect [major] players to continue to dominate.” However, said Nguyen, “if that slowdown is soon, then prices will drop, and the key players will need to either unload property or hold onto them until AI demand builds back up.” Generational shift occurring Asked what the overall effect of AI will be on CIOs in need of data center capacity, he said, “the new AI mega-factories alter data center placement: you don’t put them near existing communities because they demand too much power, water, land, you build them somewhere remote, and communities will pop up around them.” Smaller data centers, said Nguyen, “will still consume power and water in contention with their neighbors (industrial, commercial, and residential), potential limiting their access or causing costs to rise. CIOs and Network World readers should evaluate the trade offs/ROI of not just competing for data center services, but also for being located near a new data center.”

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Why cloud and AI projects take longer and how to fix the holdups

No. 2 problem: Unrealistic expectations lead to problematic requirements Early planning and business case validation show that the requirements set for the project can’t be met, which then requires a period of redefinition before real work can start. This situation – reported by 69% of enterprises – leads to an obvious question: Is it the requirements or the project that’s the problem? Enterprises who cite this issue say it’s the former, and that it’s how the requirements are set that’s usually the cause. In the case of the cloud, the problem is that senior management thinks that the cloud is always cheaper, that you can always cut costs by moving to the cloud. This is despite the recent stories on “repatriation,” or moving cloud applications back into the data center. In the case of cloud projects, most enterprise IT organizations now understand how to assess a cloud project for cost/benefit, so most of the cases where impossible cost savings are promised are caught in the planning phase. For AI, both senior management and line department management have high expectations with respect to the technology, and in the latter case may also have some experience with AI in the form of as-a-service generative AI models available online. About a quarter of these proposals quickly run afoul of governance policies because of problems with data security, and half of this group dies at this point. For the remaining proposals, there is a whole set of problems that emerge. Most enterprises admit that they really don’t understand what AI can do, which obviously makes it hard to frame a realistic AI project. The biggest gap identified is between an AI business goal and a specific path leading to it. One CIO calls the projects offered by user organizations as “invitations to AI fishing

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Riverbed tackles AI data bottleneck with new Oracle-based service

“Customers are looking for faster, more secure ways to move massive datasets so they can bring AI initiatives to life,” said Sachin Menon, Oracle’s vice president of cloud engineering, in a statement. “With Riverbed Data Express Service deployed on OCI, organizations will be able to accelerate time to value, reduce costs, and help ensure that their data remains protected.” Riverbed’s Aras explains that its Data Express Service uses post-quantum cryptography (PQC) to move petabyte-scale datasets through secure VPN tunnels to ensure that customer data remains protected during the transfer process. The technology is based on Riverbed’s SteelHead acceleration platform running RiOS 10 software. “Our cloud-optimized technology design delivers much higher data retrieval, data movement across the network, and data write rates, through highly performant data mover instances, instance parallelization and matched network fabric configurations. The design is tailored for each cloud, to ensure maximal performance can be achieved using cloud-specific product adjustments,” Aras says. “The time for preventing harvest-now, decrypt-later is now,” Aras says, referring to the security threat where encrypted data is intercepted and stored for decryption once quantum computers become powerful enough. The Riverbed service addresses use cases spanning AI model training, inference operations, and emerging agentic AI applications. Data Express is initially deployed on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, but Riverbed said the service will orchestrate data movement across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform, as well as on-premises data centers. General availability is planned for Q4 2025.

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Roundup: Digital Realty Marks Major Milestones in AI, Quantum Computing, Data Center Development

Key features of the DRIL include: • High-Density AI and HPC Testing. The DRIL supports AI and high-performance computing (HPC) workloads with high-density colocation, accommodating workloads up to 150 kW per cabinet. • AI Infrastructure Optimization. The ePlus AI Experience Center lets businesses explore AI-specific power, cooling, and GPU resource requirements in an environment optimized for AI infrastructure. • Hybrid Cloud Validation. With direct cloud connectivity, users can refine hybrid strategies and onboard through cross connects. • AI Workload Orchestration. Customers can orchestrate AI workloads across Digital Realty’s Private AI Exchange (AIPx) for seamless integration and performance. • Latency Testing Across Locations. Enterprises can test latency scenarios for seamless performance across multiple locations and cloud destinations. The firm’s Northern Virginia campus is the primary DRIL location, but companies can also test latency scenarios between there and other remote locations. DRIL rollout to other global locations is already in progress, and London is scheduled to go live in early 2026. Digital Realty, Redeployable Launch Pathway for Veteran Technical Careers As new data centers are created, they need talented workers. To that end, Digital Realty has partnered with Redeployable, an AI-powered career platform for veterans, to expand access to technical careers in the United Kingdom and United States. The collaboration launched a Site Engineer Pathway, now live on the Redeployable platform. It helps veterans explore, prepare for, and transition into roles at Digital Realty. Nearly half of veterans leave their first civilian role within a year, often due to unclear expectations, poor skill translation, and limited support, according to Redeployable. The Site Engineer Pathway uses real-world relevance and replaces vague job descriptions with an experience-based view of technical careers. Veterans can engage in scenario-based “job drops” simulating real facility and system challenges so they can assess their fit for the role before applying. They

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BlackRock’s $40B data center deal opens a new infrastructure battle for CIOs

Everest Group partner Yugal Joshi said, “CIOs are under significant pressure to clearly define their data center strategy beyond traditional one-off leases. Given most of the capacity is built and delivered by fewer players, CIOs need to prepare for a higher-price market with limited negotiation power.” The numbers bear this out. Global data center costs rose to $217.30 per kilowatt per month in the first quarter of 2025, with major markets seeing increases of 17-18% year-over-year, according to CBRE. Those prices are at levels last seen in 2011-2012, and analysts expect them to remain elevated. Gogia said, “The combination of AI demand, energy scarcity, and environmental regulation has permanently rewritten the economics of running workloads. Prices that once looked extraordinary have now become baseline.” Hyperscalers get first dibs The consolidation problem is compounded by the way capacity is being allocated. North America’s data center vacancy rate fell to 1.6% in the first half of 2025, with Northern Virginia posting just 0.76%, according to CBRE Research. More troubling for enterprises: 74.3% of capacity currently under construction is already preleased, primarily to cloud and AI providers. “The global compute market is no longer governed by open supply and demand,” Gogia said. “It is increasingly shaped by pre-emptive control. Hyperscalers and AI majors are reserving capacity years in advance, often before the first trench for power is dug. This has quietly created a two-tier world: one in which large players guarantee their future and everyone else competes for what remains.” That dynamic forces enterprises into longer planning cycles. “CIOs must forecast their infrastructure requirements with the same precision they apply to financial budgets and talent pipelines,” Gogia said. “The planning horizon must stretch to three or even five years.”

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Microsoft will invest $80B in AI data centers in fiscal 2025

And Microsoft isn’t the only one that is ramping up its investments into AI-enabled data centers. Rival cloud service providers are all investing in either upgrading or opening new data centers to capture a larger chunk of business from developers and users of large language models (LLMs).  In a report published in October 2024, Bloomberg Intelligence estimated that demand for generative AI would push Microsoft, AWS, Google, Oracle, Meta, and Apple would between them devote $200 billion to capex in 2025, up from $110 billion in 2023. Microsoft is one of the biggest spenders, followed closely by Google and AWS, Bloomberg Intelligence said. Its estimate of Microsoft’s capital spending on AI, at $62.4 billion for calendar 2025, is lower than Smith’s claim that the company will invest $80 billion in the fiscal year to June 30, 2025. Both figures, though, are way higher than Microsoft’s 2020 capital expenditure of “just” $17.6 billion. The majority of the increased spending is tied to cloud services and the expansion of AI infrastructure needed to provide compute capacity for OpenAI workloads. Separately, last October Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said his company planned total capex spend of $75 billion in 2024 and even more in 2025, with much of it going to AWS, its cloud computing division.

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John Deere unveils more autonomous farm machines to address skill labor shortage

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More Self-driving tractors might be the path to self-driving cars. John Deere has revealed a new line of autonomous machines and tech across agriculture, construction and commercial landscaping. The Moline, Illinois-based John Deere has been in business for 187 years, yet it’s been a regular as a non-tech company showing off technology at the big tech trade show in Las Vegas and is back at CES 2025 with more autonomous tractors and other vehicles. This is not something we usually cover, but John Deere has a lot of data that is interesting in the big picture of tech. The message from the company is that there aren’t enough skilled farm laborers to do the work that its customers need. It’s been a challenge for most of the last two decades, said Jahmy Hindman, CTO at John Deere, in a briefing. Much of the tech will come this fall and after that. He noted that the average farmer in the U.S. is over 58 and works 12 to 18 hours a day to grow food for us. And he said the American Farm Bureau Federation estimates there are roughly 2.4 million farm jobs that need to be filled annually; and the agricultural work force continues to shrink. (This is my hint to the anti-immigration crowd). John Deere’s autonomous 9RX Tractor. Farmers can oversee it using an app. While each of these industries experiences their own set of challenges, a commonality across all is skilled labor availability. In construction, about 80% percent of contractors struggle to find skilled labor. And in commercial landscaping, 86% of landscaping business owners can’t find labor to fill open positions, he said. “They have to figure out how to do

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2025 playbook for enterprise AI success, from agents to evals

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More 2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for enterprise AI. The past year has seen rapid innovation, and this year will see the same. This has made it more critical than ever to revisit your AI strategy to stay competitive and create value for your customers. From scaling AI agents to optimizing costs, here are the five critical areas enterprises should prioritize for their AI strategy this year. 1. Agents: the next generation of automation AI agents are no longer theoretical. In 2025, they’re indispensable tools for enterprises looking to streamline operations and enhance customer interactions. Unlike traditional software, agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can make nuanced decisions, navigate complex multi-step tasks, and integrate seamlessly with tools and APIs. At the start of 2024, agents were not ready for prime time, making frustrating mistakes like hallucinating URLs. They started getting better as frontier large language models themselves improved. “Let me put it this way,” said Sam Witteveen, cofounder of Red Dragon, a company that develops agents for companies, and that recently reviewed the 48 agents it built last year. “Interestingly, the ones that we built at the start of the year, a lot of those worked way better at the end of the year just because the models got better.” Witteveen shared this in the video podcast we filmed to discuss these five big trends in detail. Models are getting better and hallucinating less, and they’re also being trained to do agentic tasks. Another feature that the model providers are researching is a way to use the LLM as a judge, and as models get cheaper (something we’ll cover below), companies can use three or more models to

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OpenAI’s red teaming innovations define new essentials for security leaders in the AI era

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More OpenAI has taken a more aggressive approach to red teaming than its AI competitors, demonstrating its security teams’ advanced capabilities in two areas: multi-step reinforcement and external red teaming. OpenAI recently released two papers that set a new competitive standard for improving the quality, reliability and safety of AI models in these two techniques and more. The first paper, “OpenAI’s Approach to External Red Teaming for AI Models and Systems,” reports that specialized teams outside the company have proven effective in uncovering vulnerabilities that might otherwise have made it into a released model because in-house testing techniques may have missed them. In the second paper, “Diverse and Effective Red Teaming with Auto-Generated Rewards and Multi-Step Reinforcement Learning,” OpenAI introduces an automated framework that relies on iterative reinforcement learning to generate a broad spectrum of novel, wide-ranging attacks. Going all-in on red teaming pays practical, competitive dividends It’s encouraging to see competitive intensity in red teaming growing among AI companies. When Anthropic released its AI red team guidelines in June of last year, it joined AI providers including Google, Microsoft, Nvidia, OpenAI, and even the U.S.’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which all had released red teaming frameworks. Investing heavily in red teaming yields tangible benefits for security leaders in any organization. OpenAI’s paper on external red teaming provides a detailed analysis of how the company strives to create specialized external teams that include cybersecurity and subject matter experts. The goal is to see if knowledgeable external teams can defeat models’ security perimeters and find gaps in their security, biases and controls that prompt-based testing couldn’t find. What makes OpenAI’s recent papers noteworthy is how well they define using human-in-the-middle

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